What kind of septic tank to choose

12-02-2018

Useful

It is well known that a septic tank is considered the most successful and practical option for a sewage treatment plant that is part of the autonomous sewage system of a country farm. But before choosing a septic tank for the house, it will be necessary to take into account a number of significant factors, the main of which are:

the volume of household waste that accumulates per day, depending on the number of people living in the house, as well as on the number of sanitary devices used in the home;
condition and quality of soil on the exploited land plot, as well as the presence of groundwater (groundwater);
the degree of exploitation of a residential structure, depending on whether people live year-round or live in it seasonally (only in summer);
the amount of money allocated to purchase the necessary model of septic tank.

Performance

Under the performance of any treatment plant is meant its ability to effectively clean a particular volume of wastewater generated during the operation of a country house. This indicator determines the number and size of the chambers of the acquired structure. With limited volumes of wastewater, it is allowed to use a single-chamber septic tank of pre-treatment that copes well with the treatment of a small mass of household waste.

For efficient processing of large masses of wastewater (with a daily volume of waste generated exceeding 1 m³) - you need a model of septic tank, characterized by increased productivity.

In the event that your summer cottage is intended for seasonal family holidays - it will be quite possible to get along with a typical pre-cleaning facility with a volume of up to 1 m.³.

This simplest version of the cleaning device is usually used as a simple drive, periodically emptied by the owner on his own, or with the assistance of special waste collection equipment.

Anyone who would like to make a choice of a septic tank and plans to live in his country house permanently - the choice of this option is undesirable. With a large amount of waste generated, you will have too often to use the services of vacuum trucks, which in our time are not cheap at all.

Device options

Currently, each owner of a private house can choose a suitable option for an autonomous system of waste collection. The most well-known types of such facilities are installations using the biological principle of cleaning and the so-called accumulative (capacitive) septic tanks.

In plants with biological treatment, the efficiency of the system can reach 70%, which, as a rule, is quite enough for the additional treatment of waste to be carried out directly in the soil (without dangerous contamination).

Since the anaerobic methods of sewage treatment are accompanied by the release of gases harmful to health, the arrangement of such treatment facilities uses a special funnel standpipe.

In addition to the indicators indicated above, the models of septic tanks used in living conditions may differ by the following parameters:

housing material (concrete, plastic, metal or fiberglass);
its orientation when placed in the ground (vertical or horizontal position);
the number of cleaning chambers (from 2 to 4 separate tanks);
its volume, selected depending on the daily amount of waste generated.

Concrete structures

Concrete settling tanks are made of reinforced concrete rings of a standard size, or poured into pre-prepared formwork directly at the installation site. In the first case, the cost of arranging a septic tank significantly increase due to the need to transport the rings to the installation site and their subsequent installation using special lifting equipment.

In the second embodiment, the duration of work is significantly increased, since it will be possible to start the operation of the settling tank only after the concrete has set. The septic tanks made of can of rings, it is difficult to press, they are a little maintainable and bulky. On the other hand, such structures (as opposed to plastic ones) are not threatened by excessive pressure from the soil and groundwater.

Metal sumps

Since metal septic tanks are required to be periodically treated with anti-corrosion compounds, their maintenance will be too expensive. On the other hand, the indisputable advantage of the metal is the possibility of producing from it a system of overflow pipes of a rather complex configuration.

Welding joints used for this purpose are distinguished by a high degree of tightness, and flanged connectors with rubber sleeves can be used for coupling to plastic pipes.

High body strength and a large mass of such devices allows their installation into the soil without the threat of ejection by groundwater.

Plastic devices

The septic tank for giving from plastic material is convenient that it can be established manually, at the same time tightness of all necessary connections is provided due to use of usual rubber cuffs. The plastic case does not need special protection, while the reliability of the built-in structural elements (partitioning systems and overflow pipes) is guaranteed by the manufacturer.

When installed in the soil plastic containers should be filled with water, which will ensure the safety of their shape by equalizing the internal and external pressures.

In the event that the model you purchased is equipped with special elements that increase the rigidity of the structure - the septic tank may be instilled “dry” (without filling it with water).

Video

You will certainly find useful tips from professionals, which are set out in the following video: