The furnace for a bath: we build and we make independently
The main element of the steam room is, of course, the heating furnace for the bath. Modern industrial production offers a variety of models to replace traditional wood-burning stoves: on liquid fuel, on gas with a metal body, working on pellets. Factory products are equipped with a variety of functions and economical use of fuel. Yes, and care for them is minimal.
Options for homemade devices for a steam room, there are many, depending on the type of room. For example, there are so-called cold furnaces, that is, those whose outer walls do not warm up above 50 ° C. This is an important advantage, because this design does not get burned. Such units require a long continuous kindling. Heating takes place through special air ducts. They take in air from the floor and heat it, passing through the combustion chamber. Warm and soft steam comes from above, without burning anyone. In such a bath, it is easy to regulate the level of humidity and the temperature of heating.
In contrast to the “cold”, “hot” stoves quickly and efficiently heat up the steam room due to hot walls, the temperature of which can reach 100 ° C. Careless touches of them threaten with burns, and the degree of air heating in this case is difficult to control. And it threatens to heat stroke.
Of brick
A good and simple “cold” stove for a bath structurally looks like this: the combustion chamber is made of refractory bricks, an ashpit is located under it. From above, to preserve the heat, the cobblestones are laid out on a steel or cast-iron grating. Their mass is calculated from the ratio: 1 m3 steam rooms require 20–30 kg of stones. This proportion is true for continuously operating devices. If heating occurs periodically, that is, after heating the room to the desired level, it is quenched, then the amount must be increased by another 2 times. Sometimes, iron pigs are added in a ratio of 20% to 80% of the stone to better retain heat.
The walls themselves, in addition to bricks, can be made of ordinary or rubble stone. Sometimes for construction they take granite or naked. The weight of each element is from 1 to 5 kg. Do not try to build from silicon - it will simply burst from heating.
As a binder solution when laying the stove, you can use only clay with sand. Conventional cement mortar will not withstand high temperatures and will not last a year.
Clay is soaked in water for several days and mixed with sifted sand to the consistency of thick cream. Sand is preferable to take not river, and mountain. Its edges are uneven, unpolished and provide better grip.
A kiln of baked bricks with stones weighs a lot, so you have to make a foundation for it. For this, a pit of 70 cm is enough.
15 cm of sand and crushed stone fall asleep at the bottom. Then everything is filled with a layer of concrete, preferably with reinforcement. From above the stiffened foundation is closed with rolls of roofing material for waterproofing.
Note some points:
- The corner of the bath where the stove is installed must be insulated and strengthened. In addition to the danger of fire, there will be a large temperature difference, which can lead to cracks in the walls.
- The first row is laid on a ruberoid substrate without solution, dry.
- The remaining blocks are moistened with water during operation, each new row is laid with dressing (offset from the previous one).
- It is necessary to ensure that the sides of the bricks facing the inside of the combustion chamber are intact, without chipping or cracking. The wall here should be as smooth as possible, since any pothole provokes the destruction of the structure. At the same time, it is impossible to coat the internal surfaces with clay - having dried, it will begin to flake off and clog up the chimney,
- After completion of the masonry work, the stove must be dried. To do this, either it is left for 15 days with a good flow of air, or heated several times in a gentle manner.
Video: laying brickwork 3 × 3.5 bricks
Blueprints
Metal stove
Unlike brick structures, metal units are compact and quickly warm themselves and heat the room.
A metal stove also needs a foundation. Although its mass is much smaller than its stone counterpart, nevertheless, a reliable foundation must be made for it.
Plate material or large-diameter pipes will serve as the starting material. By design, such a furnace will be similar to stone. The only difference is the firebox. It is customary to make it a two-chamber, so that in the second compartment the fuel can be burned out. This scheme allows you to increase productivity by 20%.
The body must be fully welded - tack welding is not suitable here.
The main disadvantage of a steel furnace can be considered as a large hot surface, dangerous for people. However, it is easy to fix. After installation, the body is simply lined with refractory bricks, leaving a gap for convection.
Video: production of a metal stove for a bath in stages
Blueprints и схемы металлических печей
