Sewerage country house with their own hands

Any suburban economy, which includes a dwelling house, a bathhouse and other ancillary structures, cannot do today without a well-equipped sewer system designed for dumping and recycling human waste. In this article, which we offer to your attention, we will try to tell about how the sewerage of a country house is mounted with your own hands, taking into account all the requirements for its arrangement.

Despite the abundance of offers on the market of such services, many users prefer to engage in the installation of sewer network on their own. And indeed, the technology of manufacturing an extensive system of collecting waste and sewage is quite simple, which allows its development by anyone who does not do it professionally. Such an approach eliminates the need for outsourced workers, which naturally reduces the costs associated with its construction.

Device waste collection system

A modern sewage system is a whole complex of equipment, which includes not only devices for collecting sewage, but also pipelines and special accumulators of waste (septic tanks).

The main functional purpose of such complexes is the collection of human waste (including wastewater) at the points of their formation and subsequent transportation to the place of final or partial disposal.

The sewage device of a country house should be carried out taking into account the basic technological and environmental requirements. Sewerage must contain the following mandatory elements:

• special trays for waste collection;
• an extensive network of pipelines or channels through which the waste is transported in the direction of the sump;
• the sump itself, designed as a cesspool or septic tank.

Sewage installation in its own farm should be carried out according to a clearly designed plan, since any deviations from the standards may lead to violations in its work (formation of blockages, for example). In this case, there is a danger of contamination of terrain with fecal waste, which is unacceptable if there are sources of drinking water near the house.

Outer contour

The so-called external contour of the sewage system includes a piping system that provides for the natural movement of waste from the collection point (tray) towards the cesspool or septic tank. This way of organizing the collection of sewage is called drainage. In some cases, the transportation of waste through the pipes to be carried out under pressure (pressure) created by using special pumping equipment included in the system.

Based on the foregoing, even at the design stage, it will be necessary to clearly define how the waste will be delivered to the sump (by natural flow or under pressure). From this circumstance will depend on the location of the settler (drainage well), as well as its depth.

It goes without saying that when using the first of these options, the level of the location of the cesspool (septic tank) is chosen below the level of the pipeline route, which provides the required slope towards the collecting device. In the second option, the delivery of wastewater to the sump, carried out by means of a pump, the level of installation of sewage (including its individual components) are not critical.

The location of the pipe laying route in this case is practically not limited to anything, so the latter can be selected on the basis of the convenience of organizing earthworks. The only technological requirement for pipe laying is that the angle of their bending always exceeds 90 degrees. Compliance with this requirement significantly reduces the likelihood of blockage. When choosing the optimal location for the waste collector, the previously noted requirement should be fulfilled (no closer than 5–7 m from the residential building).

Installation of drainage system

Installation of a drainage system at a country site is usually started upon completion of the construction of the walls and roof of the main residential building.

When carrying out work, the following sequence of assembly operations should be observed:

1. First of all, on the site a trench is pulled out under the pipes, laid from trays or other waste collectors in the direction of the sump. At the same time, the possibility of the natural movement of the effluent through the pipeline is ensured by its slight slope (2–2.5 cm per 1 running meter).
2. Then the bottom of the prepared trench along its entire length is covered with a sand pillow.
3. After that, it will be possible to start laying the pipe line, at the end of which the junction of the pipeline with the settling tank is necessarily sealed. For these purposes, you can use sealant.

When laying pipes of various materials it will be necessary to take into account the following recommendations:

• Installation of pipes made of polypropylene should be carried out in special concrete boxes that protect products from mechanical damage. But PVC pipes may be laid directly in the soil (without using a special protective casing).
• The depth of the pipe sewage is chosen based on the well-known requirements for laying waste communications, which must be above the freezing point of the soil in the area. For central Russia, this indicator is selected from the range from 1.2 to 1.4 meters.
• In the event that the winters in your region are very cold - additional insulation of the pipeline will be required using any suitable insulation material for this purpose.
• Now it remains to put the whole system together.

Cesspool construction

The most common type of autonomous waste collector is a conventional sump. The principle of operation of such a sump is very simple and consists of the following. In the process of accumulation of sewage entering the pit through the sewage system, the light fractions contained in them are gradually disposed of by leaking into the soil. After some time, when only heavy fractions remain in the pit, the latter are removed from the septic tank with the help of the appropriate equipment (as a rule, special waste-recovery machines are used for this purpose).

To accommodate such a collection of waste most convenient lowland, greatly facilitates the subsequent installation of the drainage system. When sampling a suitable place for it, it is also necessary to envisage the possibility of preparing a small driveway for an as-suction vehicle.

Before starting work, you should familiarize yourself with the requirements of epidemiological standards governing the allowable volume of pits (as a rule, this indicator is selected at the rate of 0.6–0.7 m? Per person), as well as the distance from residential buildings and drinking water sources. In addition, certain restrictions are imposed on the materials used for the arrangement of such structures.

When choosing these materials, the majority of users proceed from the availability and reasonable cost of the products used to form the walls of the cesspool. In this case, preference is most often given to ready-made industrial structures, such as reinforced concrete rings, for example (diameter is about 2 meters, height is about 1.2 meters).

When carrying out excavation work it is necessary to remember the following details:

1. Preparation of the excavation pit for reinforced concrete structures is carried out taking into account a small allowance in diameter, which provides ease of installation of the rings, as well as the possibility of placing a layer of waterproofing on them.
2. In the process of work, the calculated depth of the well may be somewhat adjusted, which is explained by the requirement for the location of the cut-off of the upper ring just below the soil level (this allows using a standard concrete slab with a hatch as an overlap).
3. Before laying the first ring, the bottom of the excavation is first reinforced and then concreted. Between the rings are fastened with special fittings, after which the gaps between them are sealed with a solution.

We recommend reading:

• septic tanks for giving the hands from eurocubes;
• than to defrost a sewer pipe in a private house.

Video on the arrangement of the sewer system, you can see below.

Video

This video is about the sewage system in a country house: