Khrushchev's design 90 photos

18-05-2018

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The times when apartments were handed out for free were irretrievably gone. And not so long ago, when the country began to recover after the war, in the era of large-panel housing construction, since 1955, they tried to provide housing if not all, then many. Of course, these apartments, which in the common people are casually called "Khrushchev", are far from perfect: too thin and uneven walls, low ceilings, inconvenient planning, sound and heat insulation is not at the proper level. But then they built quickly, and the Khrushchev completed their task in full.

In just 9 years, a quarter of the country's population was provided with housing. And still Khrushchev make up a significant part of the housing stock. They give way to new homes only in the central districts of the capital and other large cities, while in the provinces Khrushchev houses will stand for a long time. Their resource, which was previously 50 years, was revised and increased to 150 years, subject to major repairs. So what is the point to think over the design of Khrushchev and overhaul in it, of course, is.

Yes, in Soviet times, and such apartments were welcome: let it be housing, where there is only 1 room, and that one is small, but its own. Norms of living space were calculated not for reasons of comfort, but taking into account only the necessary minimum for human physiology. Now, when the needs have changed, the owners of Khrushchev want to somehow transform their homes in order to achieve comfort and functionality.

Khrushchev’s design options are actually not so few, especially if they involve redevelopment, for example, dividing one uncomfortable room into 2 rooms that perform different tasks, or expanding narrow and small rooms at the expense of walk-through areas. Some options are more successful, some less, but one thing is for sure, even an apartment of such a small area with low ceilings can become a modern dwelling.

Redevelopment

Perhaps an interesting design in the Khrushchev can only be created with the implementation of competent redevelopment. Apartments do not have a large area, but their significant drawback is that the rooms are often narrow, inconvenient, with a walk-through area, non-functional corridors. You can eradicate this problem only by resorting to redevelopment.

Khrushchev built the projects of several model series. They are quite slightly different from each other, but one thing unites them - a small area:

One-room apartments - 29–33 m²,
One-bedroom apartments - 30–46 m²,
Two-bedroom apartments - 55–58 m².

Making a redevelopment project, it will be necessary to solve a number of problems. One of the problems will be connected with the legalization of redevelopment, since not every designer “flight of fancy” can be implemented legally. First you need to get permission for redevelopment.

The first difficulty may arise with the definition of bearing walls. Fortunately, in almost all the Khrushchev internal partitions do not perform a carrier function, but only divide the space of the apartment into rooms, so they can be freely demolished, making major repairs. However, there are exceptions, in panel Khrushchev can be found and bearing walls inside the apartment. To be on the safe side, it’s necessary to say how to determine the bearing wall in an apartment:

According to the plan of the apartment. You can get this kind of document in the BTI. You will be provided with a typical plan of the apartment with the designation of bearing walls and partitions.
Visually:
- The bearing wall will be thicker than the partition. In Khrushchev, the thickness of the bearing wall will be at least 12 cm without finishing.
- Interfloor ceilings will always be supported by load-bearing walls.

If the wall is still bearing, then the opening will need to be strengthened with metal or wooden supports. Redevelopment, which provides for partial dismantling of the bearing wall, can be carried out only with the permission of the housing inspection, strictly observing the approved project.

Even if the bearing walls in the redevelopment are not involved, there may be a number of problems. For example, if redevelopment is associated with the expansion of the "wet zone". According to the law, the bathroom and toilet can only be expanded at the expense of non-residential premises, i.e. corridor, kitchen or pantry. The only exception is for the residents of the first floors, where these restrictions do not apply.

In the Khrushchev often there is a small little functional corridor connecting the hallway and the kitchen, due to which it would be convenient to expand the bathroom. Here it is on the diagram:

In fact, this is a corridor, but this section is designated as a residential zone on the plans, so it remains either to put up with it, or to act in two stages: first separating this section with a partition and re-planning the living space into the corridor, then getting permission for another re-planning - expansion bathroom and arrange all the documents again. Those. will have to first make redevelopment of this type:

Incidentally, an increase in the bathroom due to the passage will require the implementation of additional waterproofing.

If it is planned to combine the kitchen and living room in order to create a spacious living-dining area, then there may be another limitation: the unification of the living space with the kitchen in the presence of a gas stove is not allowed. There are two ways out: to change the plate to an electric one, or to install a light movable partition (after the commission arrives, it can be dismantled).

It is worth thinking about solving a number of other issues, which are discussed below.

Warming. Since the insulation in Khrushchev is insufficient - it is hot in the summer, it is cold in the winter, the walls in the corner apartments often freeze through - the insulation of the walls should be strengthened. Moreover, the internal insulation in Khrushchev is inapplicable, since the implementation of this method leads to a shift of the dew point inside the walls. The walls as a result begin to collapse, especially brick. Thermal insulation is available by plating external walls with polystyrene plates or using crates and mineral wool on the first floors of the building.

Glazing replacement. Old wooden windows should be replaced with new plastic ones. There will be some difficulties to face. First, in some Khrushchev (panel) windowsills are missing, and secondly, the window opening is likely to be uneven. If you contact the company with experience, then problems with installing the window will not arise, since the experience of replacing windows in Khrushchev gained. Something to think carefully:

how wide will the sill be,
how to make a window insulation.

Usually try to make the window sill wider, so that there is a place for indoor plants. In the Khrushchev, where initially there were no windowsills, this should be avoided. On the one hand, the support area for a wide window sill is insufficient, which means that the structure will be very unstable, on the other hand, a wide window sill will cause a disturbance in heat transfer. By the way, plaster slopes should be dismantled completely.

Redevelopment ideas

So, the main problems of redevelopment and repair in Khrushchev marked. Now about the specific ideas of redevelopment.

One-room Khrushchev

It would seem that you can think of, having as the source data one-room Khrushchev? It turns out that the bathroom can be enlarged and a separate bedroom can be made; at least, it is quite possible to make re-planning more comfortable.

The typical layout of a one-room apartment in Khrushchev is a corridor leading to the kitchen and an “arch” to the living room. In some episodes, the “arch” was built up, and the passage into the room was located directly opposite the entrance door. Sometimes the project involved a pantry. In the corner apartments on the long wall of the living room there was another window.

Redevelopment option	Redevelopment description
	This is a variant of redevelopment, where the “arch” is built up and turns into a usual doorway, the living room functionality in this case increases, since a sofa, for example, can be installed along a wall that is longer in length. The door to the toilet is also transferred, due to the curvature of the space, the hallway becomes more spacious. Now the corner wardrobe can be comfortably accommodated here. The kitchen remains unchanged.
	Here you can see that all interior partitions, including bathroom partitions, are completely demolished. The space is completely rebuilt. The bathroom is expanding at the expense of the corridor, now there is enough space to install a washing machine. The sink, by the way, is transferred to the opposite wall, which will require the supply of sewage. The partition between the living room and the kitchen is dismantled, the wall between the bathroom and the kitchen is extended by building up the old doorway: you can place a full-fledged kitchen set. The lack of redevelopment is that the area of the hallway is decreasing, but now in the living room it is now convenient to position the wardrobe, especially since there is a place for hangers and shelves for shoes in the hallway.
	Another version of the transformation of space through the passage. In this case, the orientation of the bathroom changes - it increases slightly in size, but the main emphasis is placed on increasing the kitchen area. It is partially combined with the living room due to the wide opening in which you can install sliding partitions.
	There is a lot of attention paid to storage places, and there is a place for a double bed, it is not separated from the living room area, but is in a cozy corner. The kitchen is combined with the living room, a separate niche for the refrigerator is arranged. To beat the kitchen, living and sleeping areas, you can use the design. Pay attention to the bathroom. The entrance to it is transferred from the hallway to the passage, due to which the door is removed from the narrow hallway. Replacing the bathtub with a shower cabin allows you to unload space and install a washing machine.
	In this embodiment, due to the transfer of the doorway into the kitchen, the bathroom, or rather the bath area, is widened, and part of the wall is sloped, which has resulted in a full doorway to the living room. The kitchen space is not significantly optimized.
	Here the partition between the hallway and the living room is demolished. On this place there is a wardrobe. Partially there is no partition between the living room and the kitchen. The role of the space divider is performed by the bar counter. Due to the shift of the dining area from the kitchen to the living room, the kitchen has become much more spacious. The kitchen set in this variant is located by the letter “G” and occupies not only a long wall, but also a wall with a window. Perhaps, it is necessary to note the lack of storage places and a small bathroom, which is not rebuilt, but instead of a bath a shower cabin and a washing machine are installed.
	Even such a small apartment as a studio Khrushchev can be a two-room if necessary. For example, on this plan you can see that in the far corner of the living room they put a bed and a bedside cabinet. The bedroom area is separated by a partial partition to leave access for natural light, as the bedroom has no window. Kitchen and dining area are united by a single worktop. Conducted zoning with flooring. There is storage space in the hallway and in the living room.
	In the corner Khrushchev, where there are two windows in the room, there are more redevelopment options, more precisely, two full light rooms with natural light can be made from one room. This plan shows that the partition between the kitchen and the living room has been demolished, but a new partition has been erected, which now divides the room into two parts. The result was a great apartment with separate rooms: a living-dining room and a bedroom. Bathroom redevelopment does not affect the zone.
	This redevelopment option is similar to the previous one, but the entrance to the bedroom is from the living room. But in the bedroom you can order a large wardrobe, which will solve the problem with storage space.

Two-room Khrushchev

A typical layout of a two-room Khrushchev apartment offers more possibilities for design, especially if all the walls in the apartment are not bearing.

In a typical two-room Khrushchev can significantly expand the bathroom through the passage, to organize a spacious dining-living room. In addition, from the two-room apartment you can actually make a "three rubles". There are three common standard layouts of dvushek in Khrushchev, who have received popular names among the people: “book”, “tram”, “mini-improved”.

Redevelopment option	Redevelopment description
	The partition between the room and the living room just demolished. The space of the former passage is now divided between three rooms: a hallway, a bathroom and a kitchen. In the hallway - a wardrobe, in the bathroom - a washing machine, in the kitchen - a niche under the refrigerator. The doorway to the pantry is built up. She turned into a dressing room with an entrance from the bedroom. Kitchen combined with living room.
	A similar option. The difference is that in the hallway there is no niche for the closet, and in the living room, opposite the entrance door, there is a working place. The entrance to the wardrobe is not from the bedroom, but from the living room, next to the workplace.
	Here the redevelopment mainly affected the kitchen and living room. The wall between the living room and the kitchen has been demolished, and instead there is an island kitchen sink. The dining area is now in the living room: the dining table is adjacent to the sofa. Behind the sliding partition there is a double bed, which we managed to fit in thanks to the build-up of the wall between the hallway and the living room. From the bedroom area you can go to the spacious dressing room, hidden behind a sliding door. The bedroom became a nursery for two children.
	The disadvantage of this redevelopment is immediately visible - it is too long and narrow corridor, but, nevertheless, this option also has the right to exist. After all, it allows you to make separate rooms, expand the bathroom at the expense of the corridor, select the storage area. Both the bedroom and the living-dining room are divided by partial partitions, which perform the function of zoning the space, allocating a recreation area.
	In this embodiment, a niche for a refrigerator, a wardrobe was made at the site of the passage. The partition between the kitchen and the living room is only partially removed, just to make a new entrance. The living room turned out dark, the light comes only thanks to the transparent inserts in the partitions. But the new bedroom turned out very bright and with a balcony.
	Possible and this option redevelopment. Part of the pantry and the bedroom become a common space from the living room, the partition between the living room and the hallway moves deeper into the room, the kitchen partition is dismantled. It turns out a very spacious living-dining room, a small bedroom and a full dressing room.
	The kitchen and living room are not combined here, as in most of the previous options, but the bathroom is also expanding due to the passage. The partition in the bedroom divides the room into two bedrooms - one with a window, the other without it. The wall is made in a zigzag fashion to leave space in both rooms under deep built-in wardrobes.
	This option is similar to the previous one. The bedroom here is also rebuilt in such a way that two separate rooms are obtained from it, but the bathroom is not reconstructed, now there is a dressing room in the aisle and space for the built-in wardrobe in the hallway. The partition between the living room and the hallway is transferred further - a comfortable workplace is organized.
	An interesting option is a diagonal redevelopment, as, for example, can be seen on this plan. Thanks to this approach, it was possible to fit the corner bath in the bathroom, to combine the wash basin and the washing machine under the common worktop. The kitchen does not expand, but its design changes significantly. First, the partition is demolished. The table is replaced by a bar. Secondly, the sink is transferred to the side of the wall with a window. The partition between the bedroom and the living room is transferred to install the built-in furniture. The highlight of the project is a dressing room, on the sides of which you can place corner cabinets-canisters.
	There is also a diagonal entrance hall. But the bedroom is significantly expanded due to the living room. In fact, it turns out a three-room apartment, but the living room is small and separated from the kitchen by a low partition.
	A similar project, but the hallway is slightly larger. There is a niche under the cabinet. Bathroom enlarged.
	Two-room Khrushchev on two sides. The rooms here are adjacent. And the main task is to make them separate. From the narrow hallway, the door is transferred to the bathroom, and by reducing the living room area, it is possible to allocate space for a pantry or dressing room. The bedroom is separated by a through rack, thanks to it the illumination does not decrease significantly, but the space is zoned to the bedroom and living room. Instead of the former living room is now a children's room.

Three bedroom apartment

In the three-room Khrushchev redevelopment tasks are also reduced to solving the problem of adjacent rooms and their small area.

The typical layout of a three-room apartment involves a small kitchen and a walk-through living room, from which the entrance to the bedroom is made, one bedroom is separate. This may be a book type layout:

Or planning "tram":

Redevelopment options	Redevelopment description
	On this plan it is clear that the entrance to the bathroom was moved and made at the junction of the walls, the kitchen and hall partitions were dismantled. The pantry is converted into a dressing room and slightly expanded due to the passage.
	In this embodiment, there is no partition between the living room and the living room. The bathroom is combined. The partition between the living room and the kitchen is partially removed, but remains opposite the bathroom. The entrances to one of the bedrooms and a wardrobe are arranged in a semicircle.
	There is a large and comfortable dressing room, which is accessed from the bedroom. In the living room - a special rounded niche for the TV, which has become a central element. The living room is also a dining area.

Photo redevelopment

Video: redevelopment bathroom in Khrushchev

Video: combining kitchen and living room

Hallway design

Hall in Khrushchev has several drawbacks:

miniature;
long and narrow corridor;
uncomfortable layout in the form of the letter "G".

To avoid a lack of space, the hallway can be expanded at the expense of a bathroom or living room, at least in order to install a wardrobe. The fact is that even a narrow closet in such a hallway would be inappropriate, because the situation is often aggravated by a bathroom door opening to the hallway. If you do not plan to increase the room, you will have to go for various design tricks to avoid the feeling of cluttering the hallway.

Design techniques that allow you to unload the interior:

Minimalist furniture. This concerns not only furniture design, but also its quantity. In the hallway should be only the most necessary. These are, for example, places for shoes and clothes. And you should avoid open hangers, as even a couple of sets of winter clothes on it will create a clutter effect. Still need to try to allocate space for the closet. It may be a small corner cupboard with a mirrored door. Nearby you can hang a small shelf for small things that should be at hand. Generally angular designs and mirrors should be used in the hall of Khrushchev. That's just opposite the door to hang a mirror is not recommended for Feng Shui.
Expand the space will help competent selection of interior color. It is known that light colors visually make the interior more spacious. This is true for the hallway. However, if you follow this advice, choose materials that can be washed. For example, for walls it can be paint, for a floor tile or ceramic tile. Avoid materials with a porous texture, it is easy to get them dirty in a narrow hallway, but it will be difficult to return the old look. From the narrowness of the hallway distract color accents, but do not overdo it - they should not be much. As for the ceilings, they certainly must be light, no experiments with dark shades on the ceiling, otherwise there will be a feeling of a very low ceiling.
Lighting. Of course, the design of the corridor should provide for carefully thought-out lighting. In the hallway, which is a priori devoid of a natural source of light, it is extremely important. The best option would be a stretch glossy ceiling with spotlights. Their number should be sufficient. For example, often lamps have along the entire ceiling along the center line or along the perimeter of the walls in two rows. Additional wall lights can be provided. The switch must be positioned so that it can be reached from the threshold. It is quite uncomfortable when it is located in the center of the hallway. We have to cross part of the hallway in the dark in dirty shoes, coming from the street, just to turn on the light. By the way, if the corridor is long, then it is advisable to install a switch through which you can control the lighting from different ends of the corridor.
Zoning. In a miniature hallway zoning, perhaps, would be inappropriate, can not be said about the long corridor. Some designers advise to divide the space of such a corridor into two, maximum three zones with the help of arches; you can also use color solutions.

Photos of the hallway interiors

Living room design

When designing a living room, you will have to face the same problems as in the hallway: low ceilings, little light. In addition, the living room is often a passage, because of which a significant part of it can not be fully used. Part of the problem is solved with the help of redevelopment, as mentioned above, part of it can be solved by using competent design ideas.

Solutions:

laconic design, lack of protruding decorative elements;
minimum amount of furniture
neutral colors, it is possible to use contrasting colors to transform the perception of space, but a professional approach is required.

Most likely, you will have to order furniture in size, as it will be difficult to pick up something from the finished one.

The most correct course will be the replacement of heavy curtains with light curtains, which will maximize the natural light in the room. In the evening, good artificial lighting should be organized. It can be all the same spotlights in combination with a glossy light stretch ceiling, plasterboard ceiling with niches that are well lit around the perimeter, or the so-called soaring ceiling, realized with the use of LED lighting.

Of course, you can make a separate bedroom in Khrushchev, but if you don’t want to sacrifice free space, in order to accommodate a double bed, which will be a “dead weight”, you can choose transformer furniture as a solution. Now on sale there is not only a bed that is transformed into a small sofa, you can buy corner sofas in the complex with living rooms, which will turn into full-fledged beds at night.

As for the style, with a skillful approach, you can decorate the living room in almost any of the styles, at least you can use separate style elements. Here, for example, living rooms in the style of Chebbi chic and high-tech:

Bedroom design in Khrushchev

Bedrooms in such layouts as “book” and “tram” are narrow and long. By area, they seem to be not so small, but this does not add functionality to them. If the bedroom is not carried out redevelopment, then we must strive to bring the shape of the bedroom to the square with the help of furniture. This is easy to do if the layout is “book”. You can make a spacious dressing room or a spacious wardrobe. With the "tram" is more difficult, but there is also a way out. As you can see above, with the help of redevelopment you can combine the living room and bedroom in one room.

As for the lighting, the choice of furniture and colors, all the recommendations for the living room and the hallway are applicable for the bedroom. We should also say that the design of the bedroom is better to avoid the use of cold saturated colors in large quantities, however, and bright contrasting shades in large quantities are also out of place here. The bedroom should have to rest and rest. Use in the bedroom finishing materials and textiles mainly pastel light shades, combining colors. You can even choose the main white color by doing something in the Scandinavian style.

There are specially designed color schemes for interior design, which can be successfully used by choosing the color of furniture, finishes and accessories.

Do not use complex decorative elements with fancy curved lines. If there is very little space, limit yourself to one bed. A mirror will be functional in the bedroom, especially if there is a place for a small dressing table and a dressing room is located next to it. In the bedroom often hang chandelier. It is better to reject it and limit yourself to spot lighting, but if you really want to, then choose flat models.

Kitchen in Khrushchev

In the kitchen in Khrushchev too little space, literally not turn around. We must either do the redevelopment, or try to transform the space so that it becomes functional and convenient.

The main course - furniture under the order. An insignificant moment, but two or three centimeters here and there, sometimes, decide the "outcome of the battle." Carefully considering the placement of the kitchen, or rather all sections, drawers and appliances, you can literally realize a renovation in the kitchen of Khrushchev. The built-in appliances: microwave, oven, hob, dishwasher, which can be compact. Even refrigerators can now be purchased embedded under the countertop: it seemed - a locker; but no, you open the fridge.

Now it has become fashionable to carry the kitchen sink to the window, thanks to which a tall refrigerator can be placed in the corner. We'll have to tinker with the sewer, but the solution is worthwhile.

You can not carry the sink, if you do not see the need for it, but simply use the window sill as a countertop. Some combine a single worktop work area and a bar, which makes the interior more solid.

As for textiles, then pick up in the kitchen short light curtains, and even better horizontal blinds, located directly on the casement of plastic windows - very convenient.

Not quite conveniently located in the Khrushchev in the kitchen sewer and gas pipes. Gas pipes, if desired, can be transferred by contacting the appropriate authority. And you can disguise them with furniture or a plastic box, or assemble a box of drywall.

We hope that our advice will help you develop the redevelopment and design of your beloved and native Khrushchev. And finally, we propose to see a selection of photos of the design of Khrushchev.