How to make wall insulation

Not so long ago, many people did not understand why they needed to warm the walls of their homes. Now, with the rising cost of fuel, there are not too many people who do not want to reduce their heating costs. Since the question of how to make wall insulation is very relevant, we will consider several options for performing this task.

1. Construction of thermal insulation materials.
2. Laying insulation between the walls during the construction of the structure.
3. Outdoor insulation.
4. Internal warming.

Let us dwell on each method, describing the technology in detail, possibly affecting the advantages and disadvantages.

We build from heat-insulating materials

In principle, it is possible to make a warm wall from the available ordinary materials, only for this it should be 1 meter thick! In addition to the increased consumption of building materials, it would still be necessary to fork out for a more powerful foundation for such a heavy structure. Although it used to be built like this, now these technologies have remained unclaimed due to the appearance on the market of a new type of building material - thermal insulation. It:

• gas concrete (twin blocks);
• foam concrete; 
• arbolit;
• керамзитоблоки;
• concrete on the basis of expanded clay.

Wooden houses also have good thermal insulation properties, but this article will not tell about them.

You can learn more about the characteristics of a particular material listed by clicking on the appropriate link.

Each of these materials has a different thermal conductivity, so the thickness of the walls is selected individually, taking into account the region in which the house will be built.

Laying insulation between walls during construction

If the house is only planned to be built, then we can consider the option of internal wall insulation. In this case, materials that do not differ in high rates of heat saving are used. Typically, this is:

• bricks;
• slag blocks;
• concrete;
• stone (rakushnyak, for example);
• facing brick is used for exterior finish.

At the design stage of the foundation, the width of the wall with insulation is taken into account.

Insulation must be moisture resistant, therefore, use foam, fiberglass or penoizol.

We will not describe the construction process, since this is a topic for another article, but in general terms we can say that there are several options for the placement of insulation:

1. At the same time, walls (bearing and facing) are erected, and insulation is immediately placed between them.
2. Two walls are erected and a void remains between them, which is filled with bulk insulation material or concrete on the basis of expanded clay. Someone decides to leave an air gap as a heater or blow Penoizol there.
3. A structure is being erected, the walls are insulated and sheathed with facing bricks.

The outer part of the wall can be made of simple bricks, and then plaster it and revet with a decorative stone.

Outdoor insulation

In the previous subtitle, we mentioned the insulation of an already constructed building, but in the event that the foundation is not designed for additional load, then without its strengthening, facing bricks cannot be used. In this case, the insulation is puttied or a ventilated facade is installed. If you carry out cladding facade thermopanels, then the finishing will not be needed.

Insulation process

The walls need to be prepared and, if they are uneven, they will have to be plastered, otherwise the expense of an expensive glue will be very large. In some cases, foundation insulation may be required.

We must not forget about the base - it also needs to be warmed.

Polyfoam or mineral wool should be fixed on the wall, protected from precipitation and other external influences. In more detail with the technology of warming these materials can be found by reading the article:

1. How to insulate the walls of the foam.
2. Thermal insulation of the facade foam.
3. How to insulate the facade of mineral water.

Internal insulation

When it comes to the weatherization of the walls of the frame structure, everything here is extremely simple, since the insulating material is mounted inside the frame and sheathed. In more details the technology of warming is described here.

It is quite another thing when you need to insulate the walls in the apartment. Immediately it should be noted that for any other houses, except the frame, such insulation is performed only as a last resort, if it is impossible to perform outdoor. There are only a few good reasons for this:

1. The house is of historical value, and no work on its facade can be produced.
2. Outside, it is impossible to get close to a wall that needs to be insulated, or it will not be possible to fix insulation on it (for example, there is a deformation seam between buildings, an elevator shaft or other unheated room behind the wall).

Why do we speak about the internal warming of the apartment as undesirable? To make it clearer, consider what will happen in the winter.

• If the wall is insulated outside, the layer of insulation protects it from the cold, and it remains warm, heated by the positive temperature of the heated room.
• With internal insulation, the outer part of the wall is not protected by anything, but now it is no longer heated from the inside, as a result of which the dew point shifts to the place of its contact with the insulation. A large amount of moisture causes mold. In addition, freezing and thawing of the wall leads to its premature destruction.

The statistics are disappointing, but if there is no other way out, then it is necessary to stop on this method of insulation - the main thing is to do everything correctly.

The positive side of the internal insulation of the apartment is that the work can be performed in any weather and there is no need to attract industrial climbers.

• It is mandatory to place a vapor barrier between the wall and the insulation.
• It is necessary to worry about the ventilation device.
• If the dimensions of the room allow, it is necessary to leave an air gap between the wall and the insulation material. For this purpose, the lathing is made of an aluminum profile and is not installed close to the wall, but already heat insulation is attached to it.

Lost a few square meters, but such a sacrifice is justified.

We considered the main ways of wall insulation and sincerely hope that you will spend the winter in a warm and dry room.

Video

This video is a step-by-step instruction on external wall insulation:

Watch the video, which shows how to make brickwork with insulation: