How to make a waterproofing foundation
Work on the construction of a house requires a huge investment of power, finance and maximum responsibility. The main stage of construction work is the installation of the foundation.
In order for the foundation to become a reliable and durable foundation of the structure, it is necessary to take care of its waterproofing. This will protect the main part of the building from the adverse effects of external atmospheric factors.
Types of foundation waterproofing
In the field of construction, there are two types of protection of the foundation from moisture: horizontal and vertical. At installation of the base one of them is often used.
If the building does not provide for a basement, then only horizontal insulation is allowed.
horizontal waterproofing
To know how to properly waterproof the foundation, you must decide on the materials used for this. For example, roll materials are widely used for horizontal waterproofing.
Installation of horizontal foundation insulation is carried out taking into account the following technological features:
- its laying is performed on the lower point of the basement ceiling, just above the blind area and at the level of the connection of the base of the housing with the basement floor;
- if there is no basement, then the material for waterproofing creeps in several layers over the pavement around the perimeter of the foundation;
- When choosing a material, make sure that it has a foundation that is not susceptible to rotting.
Vertical waterproofing
Vertical insulation has several varieties:
- Penetration protection against moisture. It is made of cement mortar with quartz sand. The applied mixture reacts with the concrete surface and in
ode chemical processes crystallizes on the foundation. This method allows you to fill all the defects of concrete structures and to ensure its complete tightness. - Base coat coating. This method involves the use of bitumen, polymer or rubber mixtures, or a mixture of cement and polymer. The bitumen used must be elastic, so the usual mixture in such cases is not permissible, because after solidification it becomes inelastic and cracks.
- Screen type of insulation. Screen waterproofing is popular under adverse conditions and complex soil properties, that is, under the strong influence of groundwater on the supporting structure of the building. This protection is made of special concrete clay panels, geotextile membrane or brick clamping wall. Such waterproofing is similar to a clay castle, which prevents water from penetrating to the foundation of the building.
- Pasting waterproofing waterproofing. This type of waterproofing is gluing a roll or film waterproofing material on the outer surface of the base. Water-repellent mastic is used as an adhesive base. This method allows you to protect the foundation quite effectively for a long time. However, it is more laborious, since it requires thorough preparation of the surface by leveling it, priming it, applying mastic, re-priming and completely drying it in a natural way. Only after these procedures, you can glue the material for waterproofing.
Range of waterproofing materials
In order to protect the surface from moisture, you can use a variety of materials, among which are often used:
- Pasted roll waterproofing material. The main component in this insulation is bitumen, polymers or bitumen-polymer compositions. They serve as the basis for the production of soft roll and sheet materials. With the help of bonded insulation, it is possible to perform protection of both vertical and horizontal type. At the same time you can be sure of durability and durability of the processed surface.
- Bituminous mastic. This method is used most often and has two varieties that differ in the method of application: hot and cold method of application. The second option takes less time and labor, since the material is not heated
However, when using hot mastic all the cracks and cracks on the surface of the foundation are filled much more efficiently.
The undoubted advantage of the treatment of the foundation with mastic is the absence of the need to prepare the surface, which saves time.
If desired, you can choose mastic applied to a wet surface without pre-drying.
Do not forget that the independent performance of waterproofing work should be carried out in accordance with the hydrogeological conditions and the properties of the soil for your area and at home in particular.
Only in this case, the work will not be done in vain, and the waterproofing will fully comply with its functional purpose, and therefore the house will serve as long as possible.
Video
You can also learn about basement waterproofing from the following videos: