How to make a sump
Septic tanks are needed to collect domestic wastewater, so without these tanks can not operate any buildings (except for warehouses and some industrial facilities). Periodically, they need cleaning, and with proper procedures, these operations will need to be carried out much less frequently.
The sump is a tank for collecting household waste. In the future, this liquid will be subjected to primary cleaning mechanically. Filtration of waste takes place in a natural way: solid residues settle to the bottom under the action of gravity and its own weight, while purified wastewater rises to the top.
When the tank is filled to a certain level, the surface liquid enters the next tank through a special channel. There she will undergo another purification step. The design of the septic tank is simple, so everyone can make it yourself.
Choosing a material
The sump must be cleaned regularly and cannot be escaped. It is recommended to use for this purpose an aspenisation machine or to make everything yourself. Solid residues accumulate over time and must also be removed. Even if you use special preparations that are designed to dissolve them, cleaning cannot be avoided. What and how to make the device to clean it less?
Material is selected individually. To give preference to a certain name will help financial opportunities, volumes of waste, the ability to handle this or that material, preferences and the site itself. The main thing that is required from the septic tank, its tightness, as the wastewater is collected here in an unpurified form and it is highly undesirable that they fall into the ground.
So, let's look at what materials are best to choose.
Plastic tanks
Plastic tanks стали самым распространенным решением проблемы, поэтому их кубатура варьируется в достаточно широком диапазоне. Такая емкость прослужит около 50 лет. При ее установке не требуется дополнительной герметизации, что является неоспоримым плюсом. Недостаток – требует утяжеления или якорения, так как может подыматься.
Metal containers
For the effective functioning of the tanks will not fit the usual metal, as they quickly rust and become useless. The ideal option is a railway tank, but a container made of any stainless material is also suitable.
Eurocubes
Eurocube is a rectangular container. It is made of multilayer plastic, "dressed" in a steel cage. Their direct purpose is the transportation of liquids and their long-term storage.
Since the material from which the EuroCube is made is light enough, its installation as a septic tank requires attaching the tank to the concrete base. To avoid the spread of unpleasant odors from such a septic tank, it is recommended to use drugs with bacteria.
Used containers are inexpensive, and if you go to nearby businesses, you can find free ones. And all because of the need for the disposal of Eurocubs money, with which the owners of companies part reluctantly.
Concrete sump
By and large, this is a deep pit with plastered walls and a concrete floor. To make it, you have to tinker a little, making and installing formwork, choosing and laying reinforcement for reinforcement, pouring concrete. This process is long, because it hardens the concrete for at least 30 days. At the slightest movement of the soil cracks appear in the structure.
Reinforced concrete rings
For the manufacture of a septic tank reinforced concrete rings must be placed in a dug pit, placing them with an even cylinder. For the tightness of this tank, the seams must be sealed with concrete. The disadvantages of this method of manufacturing a septic tank lie in the difficulty of lowering reinforced concrete rings. It will not be easy when making holes under the pipes.
Tank sumps
For this we will need used tires from large machines. The most difficult thing in this method is to ensure maximum tightness of the joints.
Septic installation
The process is simple:
- Choosing the right place.
- We dig a hole with the necessary size.
- We drop the selected container into the pit.
- We connect with the drainage well and draw pipes.
- Check the tightness.
- Buried.
Expert advice
- In order to no further disagreements with environmental services or neighbors, for a septic tank you need to choose a place away from residential buildings. There are several unspoken rules that must be followed. The sump should not be closer than 20 meters from the well, 10 from water bodies and 5 from residential buildings.
- If the septic tank is plastic, then it is necessary to pour sand under it, creating a pillow. On top of the sand cushion lies a concrete slab, to which the container will be fastened with cables. It is necessary to monitor the horizontal position of the tank being installed, which can be done with the water poured into it.
- Made of concrete is reinforced without fail, for which reinforcement 8 mm in section is taken.
- The space formed between the pit and the selected reservoir, it is necessary to gradually fall asleep sand. The sand should be regularly moistened with water, which will ensure its best shrinkage.
- The septic tank on top can be covered with a concrete slab with holes for the hatch and ventilation. If you buy ready-made devices, then there are already hatches.
The manufacture of a sump is a necessary thing, but it is rather difficult and long to make it yourself, although it is cheap. If funds allow, then you can buy a plastic tank and then only earthworks and pipe installation will remain.
Video
We offer to watch the video instructions for the proper construction of a septic tank.