How to fold the oven

24-07-2018

Useful

Modern furnaces are in most cases gas, wood or liquid fuel boilers, supplemented by electric or gas stoves. However, recently, due to the large financial opportunities and the expanded selection of high-quality building materials, many owners of country houses and summer cottages are thinking about returning to the past - about building a beautiful, warm and cozy home stove. In this article we will explain how to lay the brick oven in the country itself (in a country house).

The question "To be or not to be a furnace in your house?" Is to be decided at the design stage of your suburban housing. The fact is that the furnace must have its own foundation, not connected with the foundation under the walls of the building. This is due to the fact that the furnace weighs less than the walls of the house, on which the ceilings and the roof are supported, and therefore their foundations will work differently.

If the foundation of the furnace and the walls are combined, then distortions and cracks will arise in the structure.

The second point, which makes you think about the device of the furnace at the very beginning of construction work, is the floor in the room where you are going to build the furnace. If the foundation under the furnace is not laid even before the start of work on the flooring, then these floors will have to be opened, the concrete screed must be broken, the foundation pit should be dug under the furnace foundation and only after its construction can the floors be restored.

The third point that makes planning a place under the furnace in advance is the need to install a chimney, as well as to ensure that it can cross overlapping structures and roofs (it’s not very pleasant to find out that you had a beam or a rafter leg in your way) .

Training

If you are not a professional stove, but still want to try your hand at this not an easy task, before you start building the stove, pay attention to the following points:

stove assignment - stoves can be heating, combined heating and cooking (they can also be used for cooking) or, if you are more interested in a cozy atmosphere, rather than heating the room, then we recommend that you consider a fireplace option as an option;
availability of the necessary material: clay full-bodied brick for laying furnaces, clay, sand, cement, etc .;
availability of appropriate tools and skills to perform brickwork.

If you didn’t try to work with a brick before the stove, we advise you to first practice on laying out brick partitions, as it is impossible to lay down a household stove with high quality and beautiful experience. Later, you will plaster all your “training” partitions anyway, and therefore, even if the seams are not very smooth, this will not be visible.

Having decided on the type of the furnace, be sure to find in the books or on the Internet the diagrams (working drawings) of the orderly placement of the furnace. Without these schemes to start work can not.

Complete the foundation under the stove. The size of the foundation in the plan should exceed the size of the furnace by 50-100 mm on each side. The depth of the foundation should not be less than the depth of freezing of the soil, otherwise the frozen water will “lift” the foundation and make it unusable (along with your furnace). Be sure to tamp the bottom of the excavation, then pour crushed stone or gravel with a layer of 10 cm (with its subsequent tamping), and only then proceed to the construction of the foundation: concrete with a frame made of reinforcement or rubble concrete.

The upper surface of the foundation should be approximately 14-15 cm below the level of the clean floor.

Masonry furnace

When buying a brick for masonry, note that when using coal for such a furnace, the firebox must be laid out of refractory bricks.

You will also need: ceramic brick, ordinary clay and refractory, sand, grate; doors - furnace, blowing, clean; furnace valve, steel strip and roofing, steel wire, sheet asbestos, roofing material (the amount of material depends on the size of the furnace).

For cooking ovens with a heat cabinet (oven), additionally may be necessary: cast-iron stove with or without a burner, angle steel, a thermal chamber door made of angular steel, an oven, galvanized steel.

Getting Started:

On the top of the foundation on a complex solution (clay, cement, sand) lay out one row of bricks. Check the horizontal surface.
We put two layers of roofing material on bricks.
We spread the second row of bricks on the solution (its surface should coincide with the level of the clean floor of the room).
Directly proceed to the laying of the furnace:

Lay bricks of the first row "dry" taking into account the thickness of the seams;
remove and place corner bricks on a complex mortar;
check the horizontal plane;
lay the rest of the bricks on the mortar;
check the plane of the resulting surface;
check the diagonals of the row (they should be equal);
similarly, lay out the next row, checking the verticality of the corners with a plumb and installing the corresponding doors in the masonry (fix them in the masonry using clamps made of flat steel and wire, hiding it in the seams between the bricks).

Before blocking the furnace channel, be sure to clean it of the solution and wipe it thoroughly with a wet rag on the wall (remove the solution that fell on the bricks).
Proceed to laying the chimney on the alumina-cement solution. At the intersection of the pipe with the structure of the ceiling and the roof, be sure to perform fire fighting (thickening of the pipe).
If you do not like the final appearance of the furnace, you can plaster it.

Video

The process of laying the oven you can see here: