The roof of the bath itself
After the construction of the main part of the bath is completed, the stage of coating creation begins. Directly the roof performs a protective function of external environmental factors: summer heat, wind, hail rains, winter frosts. That is why, the reliability of this part of the building should be given special attention, since its quality directly depends on how long the bath will last. If you decide to build a bath roof, read this article and get recommendations from the best specialists.
Stages of work
The roof is a special one-piece frame to which the roofing material is attached. Installation of the structure begins with the laying of a mauerlat (a small wooden bar), which transfers the load to the supporting walls of the building from the roof truss. If the bath is built of foam blocks or gas blocks, it is necessary to create a reinforced concrete belt on the upper ends of its walls. It will be laid mauerlat
For buildings of solid timber, the last (upper) logs of the walls will serve as the mauerlat. It is only necessary to drill small holes in them to lay subsequent rafters. At the same time, the main rule of installation of the truss system should be observed: regardless of the material, the mauerlat is always installed horizontally, for more reliable adhesion of the roof frame and walls of the building.
After the mounting of the power plate is completed, the truss trusses are laid, which is a series of rounds of hard branches. This design serves as the center of mass and provides an even distribution of the weight of the roof, and its shape may be very different depending on the type of roof and span. Directly, the main gravity of the design is borne by special massive retainers - rafters. There are also a number of other structural elements - lintels, latches, belts, which, if possible, are installed during construction. These are auxiliary elements that serve to strengthen the walls and roof of the bath.
The next part in the construction of the roof will be lathing - a special bundle of rigid bars, laid in a transverse or cross form. Lathing is done to ensure that the roof of the building and the whole structure are as stable as possible. The dimension and density distribution of the bars depends on the roof material. In the case of roofing material, the most dense base is necessary, the gaps between the boards of which do not exceed 1 cm.
An important step in the construction of the roof will be the determination of the slope and its angle of inclination. More precisely, what type will be the roof of the future bathhouse, single or dual gable.
Roof types
Single-skinned крыша
The simplest type of roof is a single-pillar solid roof. This type is the simplest and as a support for such a roof is the wall of the bath. With an increase in the angle between the roof and the wall, the slope of the roof base also grows. If you arm yourself with simple geometry formulas, it is easy to calculate the tangent of the angle of inclination, equal to the quotient of the angle of difference and the length of the supporting walls. It is noticed that the cost of construction work will be the smaller, the smaller the angle of inclination.
Currently, baths with this type of roof is a rarity. After all, due to the small angle of the roof, debris, snow, leaves will regularly accumulate on it, which can easily damage the foundation of even the most reliable roof. To ensure the integrity of the structure during construction, they often resort to a duplicated layer of roofing material, in the winter it is necessary to constantly clear the snow from the surface. In view of the foregoing, experts advise to build sloping roofs with a minimum angle of 25-30 degrees. And in snowy areas - from forty five.
Gable крыша
The simplest form of truss truss is the main advantage of a gable roof. Bearings in this case, on the one hand, are adjacent to each other, on the other - reliably abut against the walls of the building.
Roof with hanging rafters: a - a system of hanging rafters, b - a system of hanging rafters with "grandmother", c - a system of hanging rafters with additional puffs, 1 - truss foot, 2 - attic floor beam, 3 - wind connection, 4 - under-rafter foot , 5 - "grandma" (vertical tightening), 6 - additional horizontal tightening.
The formation of the roof structure occurs when laying a series of triangular bars. Each log at the same time consists of two truss bases of equal length, interconnected by a special jumper. In the resulting triangular form, the ridge is the uppermost part, the so-called crossbar serves as a linking bridge.
The main rule of “inclination” remains, according to which the construction costs increase with the growth of the tip of the roof slope. This type of roof allows you not to worry about cleaning from snow or leaves, but the structure's resistance to wind loads is less effective. Because of this, it is necessary to reduce the step of the resulting trusses and increase the number of fastening jumpers.
Vapor barrier
During the construction of the roof one should not neglect the protection of the structure against moisture and superheated water vapor, as well as additional insulation. In addition, care should be taken to protect against aggressive substances and fire. For this, it is necessary that all materials of the future construction should be thoroughly dehydrated (permissible humidity not more than 10-12%) and impregnated with antiseptics of coniferous resins.
Excellent moisture and vapor protection materials will serve as special film membranes. These films perform the function of a moisture protector between the roof and the interior of the room. To protect against moisture, it is necessary to lay the membrane film directly in front of the crate, and the vapor-protective film is laid after the ceiling is laid.
Warming the roof does not take much time and is a filling of the base of the roof with a special filler - basalt wool. This material has excellent thermal insulation properties and is also completely natural. To insulate the roof with basalt, it is necessary to lay a double layer of insulating wool 5-10 cm thick in the transverse position under the roofing layer.
How to choose a coating
Roof covering should be chosen from the principle of high impact resistance and lightness. Today on the market you can find an infinite number of roofing. However, each coating has its own characteristics. As an example, the smallest angle of the slope of roofing material is 5, slate flooring is not more than 20, sheeting is 8, in the case of a metal tile the angle reaches 30 degrees. The shelf life depends on the material and operating conditions and ranges from 12 years for roofing material and up to 60 years or more when using folded cover.
We invite you to view a selection of photographs of various roofing baths.
A photo
