The device of the built-up roof

The built-up roof is the optimal choice for a flat roof, such a coating will provide it with a reliable waterproofing and will protect it from the effects of precipitation for a long time. The structure of the deposited roof: preparation of the base, the level of tightness and thermal insulation of the roof, the technology of the sticker of roofing material is controlled by building codes and regulations (SNiP). Observing the prescribed standards, you can achieve high-quality coverage.

Specifications

In the manufacture of this type of roof are used rolled materials made on a durable synthetic base and impregnated with bitumen. The operational properties of the coating used determine the advantages of the built-up soft roof:

• reliable waterproofing;
• elasticity and flexibility, allowing to glue the canvas on a complex roof;
• resistance to ultraviolet and temperature fluctuations;
• durability with proper installation;
• the possibility of repair;
• low coating weight;
• easy installation

Material selection

Roof of the deposited materials varies according to the type of base. In addition to this, they all have varying degrees of strength, which determines their durability and price:

1. Cardboard - outdated material with the lowest indicators of resistance to decay.
2. Fiberglass is a biologically stable, but not sufficiently elastic canvas that requires careful handling.
3. Fiberglass is a flexible material made of glass fibers that does not collapse when bent.
4. Polyester is the most durable and expensive base resistant to abrasion, mechanical and atmospheric effects.

The binder component of the coating largely determines its properties:

• bitumen - has insufficient flexibility at negative temperatures, needs protection from ultraviolet radiation, is an inexpensive substance. It is used when laying the lower layers of the roof;
• modified (polymerized) bitumen - polymers are added to the base, which improve the properties of the material: the aging rate decreases, the elasticity increases in freezing temperatures, and adhesion increases. The SBS modifier (artificial rubber) provides optimum resistance to temperature changes, APP plastic increases the melting temperature, increases strength and is cheaper than SBS;
• polymer - makes the roofing sheet highly elastic, capable of repeating roof topography. The material is designed for use in all conditions.

To protect the outer layer of the roll coating from mechanical damage and the influence of ultraviolet light, special dressing is used. It is made of slate, basalt or ceramic chips and varies in size fractions:

• pulverized;
• fine-grained;
• çeşuyçataya;
• coarse.

The bottom layer of bitumen-polymer coating is protected by foil or polymer film, this material prevents sticking in the roll and acts as an indicator during fusing.

Tools for work:

1. Gas-burner.
2. Propane tank.
3. Construction knife.
4. Putty knife.
5. Roulette.
6. Roller for rolling.
7. Primer brush.
8. Protective overalls, gloves, shoes.

Foundation preparation

Before surfacing for flat roofs, the base is prepared. It includes garbage collection, installation of ventilation shafts and internal funnels. Possible defects in reinforced concrete slabs are sealed with mortar, further work is carried out after it dries. The prepared surface is covered with a layer of primer.

Roof insulation

The first stage of the roofing carpet will be the laying of the vapor barrier film. It will protect the thermal insulation layer from the effects of moisture rising from inside the building. Spreading is performed with the approach to the side of the roof to a height exceeding the roofing carpet. The edges of the material must be sealed with self-adhesive tape. The technology of flooring canvases requires that they be placed one on another by not less than 10 cm, the joints are glued with building tape.

A warming layer is laid over the membrane; rigid plates of foam plastic, polystyrene foam or basalt wool are used as it. Materials have their pros and cons:

• mineral wool - does not burn, but loses its properties due to absorbed moisture;
• foam - has a low thermal conductivity, moisture resistant, does not rot. The material is exposed to rodents, has low strength;
• polystyrene - demonstrates a high degree of insulation, it is moisture resistant, biologically neutral. The polymer actively supports combustion and releases toxic substances.

To prevent freezing, the plates are glued together with heated bitumen. This is one of the requirements for the durability of thermal insulation from SNiP. The density of laying plates affects the tightness of the roof and the degree of protection from the cold, so they are placed as close as possible to each other.

Note! One of the options for warming is the sleep of a layer of expanded clay. If necessary, the insulation plates are laid in two layers, the seams between them should not coincide.

The next step is the implementation of a sand-cement screed with a height of 2–3 cm. The coating is separated by shrink seams 5 mm wide, this is necessary for plastic expansion of the concrete when heated. These expansion joints divide the area of ​​the roof into squares with a side of 6 m. At the points of contact with the walls, a side up to 10 cm high is installed at an angle of 45 degrees. After not less than 5–6 hours, it is necessary to cover the tie with a primer of bitumen and kerosene, connected in equal shares. The screed and primer coating should dry well before mounting the build-up roof.

How to make

When the slope of flat roofs to 5? the number of layers of the deposited material is 4–5, if the roof is made at an angle of up to 15 ?, then 3 layers of the roll covering are sufficient. The lower portion of the roofing carpet is made of inexpensive material without external coating crumbs. This will not only reduce the cost of the roof, but also contributes to a more reliable bonding of the deposited canvases. It is better to perform the work on the installation of the roll coating with a partner, because you have to unwind and warm up the material, and also roll it with a roller for fixation.

Before laying the roof, additional waterproofing of expansion joints is performed with strips of roofing material 15 cm wide, the receiving funnels are insulated with 70 cm squares. Begin installation from the lowest point of the roof. The roll is unwound to control its surface, then the edge is fixed, melting it with a torch. The fixed roll rolls to its original position.

The burner flame heats the bottom layer of the sheet and bitumen on the roof surface evenly. The roll is unwound and stacked on the molten layer, partially protruding on the sides when the sheet is pressed. Rolling coating is performed with a special hook. A roller is used to firmly fix and get rid of air bubbles. It is rolled on the canvas from the center to the edges, trying to fix them carefully. After the first strip has been glued, an inspection is carried out, the parts that are poorly welded, are lifted with a spatula and reheat again. The tightness of the roof will ensure the placement of strips with a side overlap of up to 10 cm, and the end - from 15 cm. The direction of the overlap must coincide with the slope of the roof in order to ensure that the surface drains moisture. When stacking several layers, the next row does not fit crosswise, but with offset seams.

To waterproof the parapets, the canvas of the measured length is cut and fixed with nails at the edge of the parapet. Then the material is melted by a torch and glued. Vertical contiguity is made of two layers. The first starts up at 25 cm, nailed and smelted. The second layer is made of a cloth with sprinkling, it exceeds the lining layer by 5 cm and is fixed along the upper edge with a special lath, then warmed and glued over the entire surface.

Note! The built-up roof laid in compliance with the rules and regulations will serve as a reliable protection against precipitation for at least 30 years.

Video

This video shows the process of installing a roll-up roof of a house: