Roof filler - device dimensions and installation
The roof of a dwelling house has a technically complex device in which each element of the structure performs its assigned role and function. On compliance with the installation of the roof technology depends on its reliability, service life and carrying capacity. Even such insignificant elements as a cornice affect the functionality of the structure.
In our area, which is famous for its high snow load in the winter, a wide roof ledge is an urgent need to ensure the safe operation of the house. However, the length of the rafters does not always allow the formation of a wide overhang, therefore fillets are used for its device. In this article we will talk about the design and functions of these elements.
Roof eaves and its functions
Cornice roof is called the lower part of the roof overhang, which extends beyond the outer walls of the structure. It is formed by increasing the length of the truss legs of the roof frame by 30-100 cm, from above it, like the rest of the ramp, is covered with waterproofing material, and from the bottom it is sutured with soffits, siding or boards. The eaves in the roof structure performs the following functions:
- Protects the outer surface of the walls and their decoration from atmospheric moisture during heavy rains, snowfall and heavy snow melt in the spring. Due to this, the appearance and integrity of the lining is maintained much longer.
- Prevents water from entering the roof frame. The hem of the eaves protects from drops bouncing off the roof during slanting rains, but at the same time it does not impede the ventilation of the under-roof space.
- Give the roof a finished, neat appearance. The hem of the eaves closes the unsightly "wrong side" of the roof slope.
- It protects windows from penetration from direct sunlight, which is often a nuisance on hot summer days.
Please note that in central Russia, experienced builders recommend building roofs with eaves with a width of at least 40-50 cm in order to protect the blind area of the building from erosion by rain and melt water flowing down from the slope.
How is the cornice formed?
Wide roof eaves - a pledge of safe operation and more convenient maintenance of the building. It is formed by increasing the length of the roof slope by 40-50 cm. There are 2 technologies for mounting the cornice:
- Due to the use of rafters of greater length. The easiest way to form a wide eaves overhang is to use for installation of the rafter frame rafter legs, which are 40-50 cm longer than the slope. However, this option has one drawback - the frame is quite massive and expensive. In addition, if the slope of the roof has a length of more than 6 meters, it becomes quite problematic to find lumber, whose dimensions allow you to form a more or less decent cornice.
- Through the installation of fillies. To form an overhang of the required length, it is fashionable to use fillies. The filly of the roof is needed to increase the length of the rafters, while not unnecessarily weighing down the frame. They are attached to the end of the truss foot to increase the length of the ramp. Foals can extend the cornice to any length, while this technology is cheaper, since boards of smaller section, which are inexpensive, are used.
Important! Professional roofing masters recommend using fillings for forming the cornice, as this is often cheaper. In addition, it is more convenient in terms of installation, since it is not necessary to lift and move rafters of great weight and length along the roof.
Device
Fillers - bars or boards with a cross-section of 50x100 mm, which are used to extend the rafter legs of the roof frame, necessary for the formation of the eaves overhang. They are cheaper, easier and more convenient to install than elongated truss legs, for the manufacture of which boards of greater thickness are used. The advantages of such a constructive solution consider:
- Low weight The roof filly has a smaller cross section, since a smaller load falls on the roof curtain rail. Due to this, the total weight of the truss frame of the roof is reduced, the foundation and the bearing walls of the structure are unloaded.
- Favorable cost. It is much cheaper to put rafters up to the required length with the help of fillies than to use rafter legs of greater length, since the price of sawn timber directly depends on their length. And boards with a length of over 6 meters are generally considered non-standard, and therefore are rarely found and are very expensive.
- Easy installation. The rise to the height of the roof of the rafter legs and so represents some difficulty, the movement of the frame elements of large size and weight can generally result in a global problem that cannot be solved without special construction equipment. Therefore, it is much more convenient to increase the length of rafters by filly.
- Aesthetics. Fillers for the roof can act not only as a functional element, but also as a decor. Carved fillies, characteristic of traditional Russian architecture, help to form a fairly wide cornice, while at the same time being a decoration of a wooden house.
Keep in mind that it is quite difficult to accurately cut into the mauerlat, and then accurately align the length of the truss legs that are far beyond the outer walls. Experienced craftsmen believe that in terms of mounting technology, fillies are a simpler, but functional option.
Mounting technology
When a filly is used to lengthen a truss foot, the roof is first erected in the usual sequence. Changes in installation technology begin after the installation of rafters. In order to form a cornice of sawn timber with a section of 50x100 mm, bars are cut, the length of which is the desired width of the overhang plus 35-50 cm needed to fix the element. For fixation of fillies, ordinary or perfect nails are used, ensuring optimum adhesion between the frame elements. Installation is carried out in the following sequence:
- After completion, install the truss legs of the frame and cut out the required number of fillies, the length of which will allow you to form a fairly wide cornice. The number of fillies corresponds to the number of rafters.
- Then proceed to mount the fillies of the extreme truss legs. They overlap by 35-50 cm, while between the mini is laid a small bar-insert.
- Each filly is fixed by four nails, two on each side. The ends of the nails need to be bent so that the mount does not loosen over time.
- When the first and last fillies are fixed, they tension the cord between them so that the rest of the elements line up along it. However, this method is not suitable for long slope lengths, as the cord will sag.
- After the installation of the fillies, they begin to mount the trusses of the truss frame. At the same time, either continuous or reinforced crate is fixed on the fillies themselves in order to strengthen the overhang of the roof.
- After completion of the roofing work from below, the rabbit eaves are sewn up with the help of clapboard, siding or spotlights. This operation is necessary to protect the eaves from the penetration of atmospheric moisture from below, as well as to give the roof a complete, neat appearance.
For filing the eaves below, there are two methods - diagonal and direct. With a diagonal installation technology, the sheathing is nailed from the bottom directly to the filly. For direct sewing with bars, a duct is mounted, which connects the floor at a right angle to the outer wall of the house.