How to choose a roofing material on the roof - types and

Roofing material is an indispensable material in construction, it is used as a waterproofing layer and roofing coating due to its high resistance to moisture penetration, durability, low cost. Manufacturers produce different types of roofing material, performance and price of which is different. This article will tell you what this type of roof is made of, as well as which brands are best to choose.

Composition

Ruberoid is a build-up material produced in the form of rolls. It is used as a part of a multicomponent roofing pie or independently. It is obtained by soaking thick cardboard or fiberglass with oil bitumen, applying a layer of modified refractory bitumen from both sides and sprinkling with sprinkling. As a rule, 4 kinds of dressing are used in production:

• Coarse-grained. Coarse-grained dressing is made of stone crumb. Material with such a coating is considered universal. It is suitable for waterproofing, for the top or bottom layer of the roof.
• Scaly. This type of dressing is obtained from mica slate, it is used to cover, suitable for creating the top layer of the roof.
• Fine-grained. Fine-grained sanding is called sand, such material is not used as a roof covering. It is suitable for waterproofing or lining of the roofing pie.
• Dusty. In order to obtain powdered dressing, talc or chalk is applied to the surface of the material. Such materials are used as a waterproofing or lining layer in the process of construction of the roof.

Important! Experienced roofers recommend choosing brands of roofing fabric with colored dressing. If the surface of the top layer of the roof is not gray or black, it reflects more sunlight and also less heat.

Appointment and marking

Stamps of roofing material are available in two types, differing in purpose, the requirements of GOST: roofing and lining. Roofing bitumen-based fused material is used to create a finishing coating, it is made from a more dense cardboard or fiberglass with coarse-grained dressing. Lining roofing material with powdered, fine-grained dressing is used as a waterproofing or device of the inner layers of the roof. The technical characteristics of the material are indicated by the marking of ruberoid applied on each roll:

1. The first letter of the marking "P" denotes the name of the material, roofing material. With it begins the abbreviation of all products of this type.
2. The second letter of the marking says about the appointment of roofing material: "K" - roofing, and "P" - lining. The thickness of roofing grades is 4.0-5.0 mm, and the lining is 3.0-3.5 mm.
3. The third letter indicates what type of dressing was used in production: “K” - coarse-grained, “H” - scaly, “M” - fine-grained, and “PP” - dust-like.
4. The numbers in the markings speak about the weight of 1 sq. M. meter of roofing material, that is, the density of the base. This value lies within 300-400 grams.

Important! Roofing material is considered a durable material, but temperature drops, exposure to moisture and sunlight lead to the destruction and cracking of the roof. Therefore, the roof is made of 2-7 layers of coating, which are located on top of each other. The thinner and cheaper the roofing material, the more layers in the roofing pie. It is better to use stamps with a density of 400 g / sq. m and coarse stone dressing, the life of which is 15 years or more.

Varieties

The construction market provides buyers with a choice among more than 60 varieties of ruberoid. Each brand has its own purpose, performance characteristics and the corresponding price. The classic types of roofing material are already:

• Toll. Toll won the trust of consumers in Soviet times under conditions of limited choice. So is the material for waterproofing the roof of cardboard, impregnated with tar shale or coal composition and sprinkled with coarse-grained topping on both sides. Modern roofing tile is a short-lived and lower-quality analogue used for waterproofing foundations and covering temporary shelters.
• Rubemast. Under this name is a modified analogue of the usual ruberoid. It differs from its counterpart in production technology and technical characteristics. For the impregnation of cardboard use a special modified bitumen with mineral additives. Granite chips are used as sprinkles. Therefore, the density of Rubemast is 2000 g / sq. m, which is 5 times higher than this figure in a normal ruberoid.
• Steklomast. The analogue of the classic roofing material, the base of which is made of durable fiberglass. Density Steklomasta is 3000-4000 g / sq. m, service life - more than 15 years. The peculiarity of this type of coating - excellent frost resistance, it does not crack at low temperatures, while remaining flexible.
• Euroruberoid. This material differs from the usual ruberoid using more advanced components in the composition. The basis for it is durable fiberglass, impregnation - a mixture of bitumen with synthetic rubber, which improves waterproofing qualities. Euroruberoid better manifests itself during operation, is not afraid of frost and serves 20-30 years. A crumb of mineral crumb of different colors makes the roof more attractive.

Note! The dignity of all varieties is roofing material in the universality of this roofing material. It is suitable for roofs with any slope, regardless of the form. Convenience of working with him allows you to do the installation by hand. An additional advantage that not all roof materials have is just a repair that does not require complete dismantling of the coating.

Mounting methods

The pledge of durability and reliability of the roof of roofing material - the creation of a multilayer cake, made by the correct technology. Previously, only one method was used for styling, but now manufacturers produce materials with different methods of fastening:

1. Fused. Most roofing materials on a bitumen base are glued to the slope, heating the bottom layer with a gas burner to 150-170 degrees. When heated, bitumen becomes elastic and sticky, due to which fixation occurs. The disadvantage of this installation method is that when the temperature rises, toxic fumes are released, which are harmful to health, the danger of burns and the need for special equipment.
2. Self-adhesive. To simplify the installation process, manufacturers offer self-adhesive roofing material. The bottom surface of this material has an adhesive coating, protected by a film. To fix the self-adhesive roofing material on the ramp, you need to remove the protective film, press the material and smooth it with a rag.
3. Bulk. The last time gaining popularity is bulk roofing material consisting of liquid synthetic elastomers. It is applied with a roller, spray or wide brush. The advantage of this material is that no torch is required for its installation. Liquid roofing material is convenient to use for the repair and repair of cracks on the roofing.

Professional roofers advise, before choosing a roofing felt, clearly define its purpose and method of installation. High-quality bitumen-impregnated material will be the basis of a durable roof, which is not a terrible leak, negative temperatures or mechanical damage.

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