Dvukhskatnaya roof with attic do it yourself - device and

At first glance, the functions of the roof are obvious - this is protection from precipitation, wind, cold. However, it is also an opportunity to increase the useful living space due to the attic space. Even in your own home, square meters are never superfluous, so you should not rashly neglect the opportunity to equip a full room or an extra bedroom without endangering the family budget.

Mansard gable roof has been known for a very long time, at first the premises under it were used only for servants, for storing things. Of course, the living conditions that such a construction provided cannot be called comfortable - no heating, no windows, a low overhanging ceiling. However, architects began to look for ways to use this space rationally. And, admittedly, they were found, as now the double-slope roof with a loft in terms of comfort is not inferior to other residential premises, especially, with a reasonable approach, you can provide a standard ceiling height, windows of normal size and comfortable temperature.

Advantages and disadvantages

Mansard roof, obtained by combining two slopes, as any construction solution has its pros and cons, which the landlord must be aware of in advance. The advantages include:

1. Its design does not require strengthening the foundation, which simplifies the construction work and optimizes costs. Attic can be equipped even in a fully finished house, simply by rebuilding, warming the roof.
2. Easy installation. This design is easy to assemble, even a few craftsmen or a team of two people can handle it.
3. Rationality. Efficient use of space under the roof, which can be equipped as an office, a winter garden. The gable roof with unheated attic space is suitable for seasonal storage.
4. Availability. All materials used are inexpensive and available for purchase.
5. Low cost. A square meter of living space when installing a mansard roof with your own hands will cost you much less than building an extension or a full-fledged second floor.

Below are presented, if one can say so, the shortcomings of a dual-slope roof with an attic, which it would be better to call its features:

• For the arrangement of a spacious room with your own hands, a sufficiently high double-slope roof is needed, the construction of which is technically more complicated.
• Increasing the clone of the slopes of the roof increases the consumption of materials, therefore, the cost of erection, even if you do your own hands.
• The design assumes the possibility of heat loss during the heating period.
• Increased heating of the roof and under-roofing in hot weather.

Types of construction

Although the design of a double-slope roof with a mansard is considered traditional, it has many different versions:

1. Classic dual slope. Represent a triangle formed by truss legs and floor beams. The easiest option, requiring a minimum amount of material and building skills from those who are going to build with their own hands. The construction of the truss system is enhanced by the pillars offset to the edges, as well as high tightening. The disadvantage of this option is only in the fact that the angle of inclination of the slopes 40-45 degrees does not allow for a comfortable height of the ceilings, and the loss of free space at the ends of the rafter legs is quite large.
2. Dvukhskatnaya with asymmetrical slopes. If the classic double-slope roof is an isosceles triangle, the asymmetric has a slightly different geometry. Her horse can be shifted, the slopes can be with different slopes, different lengths. The truss system for such structures is more complex, which "steals" the already superfluous square meters. Although the asymmetrical dual-pitch roofs look very impressive and stylish, their practical use in organizing a mansard room with their own hands is extremely small.
3. With broken slopes. The most rational way to build an attic. If we compare it with geometric figures, then such a roof is no longer a triangle, but a classical pentagon, which is formed due to slopes with a modified angle of inclination. In the upper part of the roof slope will be only 10-20 degrees, and in the lower 40-45 degrees. The design of the truss system is enhanced by the transom, racks, in exceptional cases, by hacks. Such a change in the angle of inclination allows the most efficient use of the space under the roof for arranging a full-fledged living space. The hands it can be equipped only with the help of 1-2 workers.

   

4. Half-hardened. Such a roof is a transition between the dual-slope and hip, its pediment has a trapezoidal shape. Thanks to the bevelled elements, it receives additional protection from squally wind, slanting rain. The exterior of the house with a half-hipped roof is very attractive, and also not without a so-called "raisin".

   

Gable blood device with attic

The most important in the attic device is the truss system, which, like a skeleton, like a skeleton, bears the weight of the roof, gives it the necessary form and serves as the basis for the floors. Therefore, it must be strong, able to withstand heavy loads. In order not to have doubts about its reliability, it is better to do it yourself or with the help of a calculator to carry out an engineering calculation for calculating the temporary and permanent loads to which it will be subjected. Each truss system consists of the following elements:

• Mauerlat The base for the roof, which is mounted flush along the upper perimeter of the bearing walls. Usually as it is used timber, the cross section of which depends on the mass of the roof. Attach it to the metal studs or reinforcement, pre-waterproofing with roofing material.
• Rafters. Boards of 50x150 mm or 100x150 mm in size, mounted at an angle, the upper part converges in the ridge, and the lower part abut the mauerlat. Rafter legs - the main supporting element of the system, they give a triangular shape to the roof, forming its slope. The distance between them is laid in the range from 60 to 120 cm.
• Fad. The upper corner of the triangular roof, formed at the meeting place of two rafter legs.
• Crossbars, extensions. Horizontal reinforcing elements installed between the rafters in order to extinguish the bursting load. The higher this element is, the thicker the beam is selected for it.
• Racks, grandmother. Vertical supports, located under the center of the rafter or under the ridge, the roof rests on them. They transfer the load from the ridge to the bearing internal walls.
• Strut Subrafter legs, angular support elements, take the load from the rafter to the carrier wall.
• Sill. In fact, the same power plate, only located on top of the internal load-bearing slab, is also made of square bar.
• Scramble Horizontal bar, absorbing the bursting load between the vertical supports of large roofs.
• Crate. The basis on which the roof covering was subsequently made. Most often for her use unedged board or moisture-resistant plywood sheets. Dvukhskatnaya roof is equipped with a solid or lattice crate, depending on the material of the roof.

Installation steps

If you want to limit the cost of construction, the best option for you is a dual-pitch roof with a residential attic. You can build it with your own hands in a couple of weeks, and a small professional team can handle it in a matter of days. Construction should begin with the installation of the lower beams, without which you can do only if there is a wooden ceiling. The next step is to install the racks, they are fastened with brackets or spikes and propped up with temporary braces for greater stability, because they will become the "skeleton" of the attic. Next begins the installation of the power plate, on which the rafter legs are attached. As rafters, you can only use straight boards, without knots.

First of all, they build truss legs at the gables, and then along the entire length of the walls with a step of 60-120 cm, depending on the width of the insulation and the weight of the roofing material. The final part of the work should be the installation of waterproofing, vapor barrier, crates, kontrreshetki. If the dual-slope roof with a mansard will be used as a dwelling, it must be warmed with the help of basalt-based mineral wool, ecowool, or foam plastic. At the end, the gables and overhangs are sheathed with any lumber, and the roof surface is covered with metalpaints, ondulin or euroslate. So, having spent a minimum of funds, you will be able to increase the living space of your house by one and a half times, making it comfortable and attractive!

Video instruction