How to make a warm floor in a private house

Heated floor for a private house, unlike the radiator system, is more economical and practical. Floor heating creates excellent air convection in the house. There are many subtleties that should be considered in the manufacture of warm floors in a private house. It is not easy to lay pipes in concrete or to lay electric mats. It is important to make correct calculations, especially if you plan to use them as the main source of heat. This article will discuss issues related to how to make a warm floor in a private house.

Heated floor in a private house – нужен ли он?

Floor heating is expensive, but worth it. How is value formed? Pricing is influenced by many factors. For example, what layer of thermal insulation must be laid, what will be the thickness of the heating cake, how will the floor work be adjusted and much more. Is it worth spending time, money and effort to create such a complex heating system? As practice shows, underfloor heating in a private house is a reliable design that works properly and provides a stable temperature.

Note! In order to save some, they decide to make a mixed heating system. In this case, the main source of heat will be the radiator system, and the heated floor as an additional element. For example, warm floors equip rooms where ceramic tile or ceramic granite is laid.

Advantages of floor heating

Floor heating in a private house has a number of positive aspects that can not be overlooked. If you still doubt the correctness of your decision, then the following factors will dispel all doubts:

• Due to the uniform distribution of thermal energy, increased thermal comfort is created. So, the floors are pleasant to the touch, so that you will never freeze to the feet.
• Significant reduction in energy consumption for home heating.
• Due to the low coolant temperature, the maximum efficiency of the heat pump and the condensing boiler is ensured.
• Does not spoil the appearance of the room, as the floor heating system is hidden from view.
• There are no temperature fluctuations in the room.
• Due to the large thermal inertia in the room there are no sharp temperature fluctuations.

For the sake of objectivity, there are some drawbacks to the arrangement of a heated floor:

• If you make the wrong installation, in the event of a malfunction will require a lot of effort and means to eliminate them.
• Not every finishing material can be combined with heated floors. If heat-insulated floors are cluttered with furniture, the heat output will decrease.
• It is important to equip the system circulating pump and thermostat. If the system is overheated, this can lead to bad consequences.
• If the concrete warm floor is settled, then there is an additional load on the floor of the house.
• Unlike the radiator system, underfloor heating has a higher cost.

Given all this, we have to admit that with all the disadvantages of the warm floors in a private house - this is a great idea. Now we look at some of the nuances that should be considered when organizing floor heating.

Calculation of heat transfer and heat loss

The values ​​of heat output and heat loss will help to understand whether it is possible to use underfloor heating as the main heating in a private house. So, if you determine that there is a large heat loss in the house, the warm floor can not be the main, but only additional heating.

For example, take the house, with an area of ​​100 m²in which heat losses will be 75 W / m². The area of ​​the heated floor is 70%, i.e. 70 m². The average power of underfloor heating is 90 W / m². Multiplying two indicators of 90 W / m² 70 m², we get the figure for the heat transfer of the floor with a power of 6300 watts. To determine the heat loss, the entire area of ​​the floor, in our case 100 m², multiplied to 75 W / m². As a result, we get 7500 watts. With this calculation it is clear that heat loss is greater than the heat transfer of the floor. Therefore, warm floors can not be major. In this example, you can easily define a task for the floor heating to be created.

Allowable floor heating capacity

If your house has large heat losses, then the heating power is 80 W / m² may not be enough, especially if the house has large windows. But problems can arise even in a small room, for example, in a bathroom or toilet. So, having installed a shower cabin, a toilet bowl, the washing machine and other objects, the warmed area considerably decreases. As a result, power in 80 W / m² will clearly be missed. This also applies to bedrooms. A large floor area will be covered with wardrobes, bedding and the like. The efficiency of the floor heating is automatically reduced.

Note! If the warm floor will produce power 800 watts per 10 meters², it is worth considering that the same power can produce radiators 50? 50? 15. This results from the fact that the heat carrier for a radiator has temperature to 80 ° C.

Considering these factors, we come to the conclusion that to create warm floors as the main heating, it is necessary to accurately calculate the power of the heating circuits. And in some cases, you will need to install additional heating radiators or heated towel rails (for the bathroom).

Types of heating for the home

A private house can be equipped with heated floors of two types:

1. Water.
2. Electric.

As for country houses, electric heating is rarely used. There are good reasons for this, for example, high power consumption. Most of the warm electric floors are stacked in the apartments, as an additional source of heat. In this case, they have much more advantages, since their installation does not take much time and effort, and for heating the apartment does not require high power.

Water floors are much more difficult to install, but they are more efficient for a private house. In this case, the house should be warmed, pour the screed and connect the collector. Water heating system is designed for continuous use. With proper installation, as well as subsequent maintenance, it can last up to 30 years. Among other things, water heating has a low level of inertia. If the floor is warm enough, then it will be well kept warm. As a consequence of the constant supply of hot coolant is not necessary.

Note! It is recommended to install a warm water floor on an area of ​​not more than 15 m². At the same time it is necessary to make a project on which the placement of furniture and other items will be indicated.

Features of the device water system

With proper organization of a warm water floor, you can completely abandon the radiators, which often interfere with the implementation of design ideas. For example, you can install the so-called "French windows" (from floor to ceiling). Plus, you can save on space heating. If you are not currently using one of the rooms, you can turn off one circuit at the collector. Accordingly, this is displayed on the total costs of the coolant.

As for the device of a heat-insulated floor in the private house, there are three methods of their laying:

1. On the wooden floor.
2. On the concrete screed.
3. On the ground.

In most cases, the technology used for laying on the concrete screed. The wooden, outdated floor is torn down and the screed is poured. At the same time the draft tie is poured. The contours of the pipes are laid on top, and then the finishing screed is poured in and the flooring is laid.

Note! Laying heating pipes in the screed will require more power of the heating system, because you have to warm up the heating “cake” and plus the flooring. These nuances are taken into account when creating a heating project.

There is another common technology for the manufacture of heated floor - to the ground. For its implementation is required to remove the top layer of soil. Further, a pillow is made of sand, 10 cm thick and crushed stone up to 10 cm fines. It is also necessary to lay a waterproofing layer. For this purpose, a ruberoid or a special membrane is used. On top of this, a draft screed is poured in, insulation is placed with a heat-reflecting surface and pipes.

Note! If in your house there are pipes at the base, then the installation of a warm water floor is greatly simplified. You will need to level the surface of the floor, level the cracks and make heating circuits.

Assembly sequence

All the work can be done by hand. To do this, carefully examine the instructions provided:

• As mentioned above, roofing material can be used for the waterproofing layer. On the surface of the base roll ruberoid or other insulating materials. Each joint is important to glue well. Therefore, sheets of roofing material are overlapped by 10 cm. Gluing can be done with a special adhesive tape, resin, high temperature, and the like.
• In order to prevent the cold from entering the room below, the next layer is made - heat insulation. For this purpose, you can use high density foam. As a result, the heat from the pipes will not go down, and the cold from the ground will not rise up. In most cases, 5 cm insulation layer is sufficient.
• At the next stage, the vapor barrier is manufactured. This is important because, otherwise, condensate will appear on top of the insulation. For the manufacture of vapor barrier used durable plastic film. The flooring as well as the roofing felt is overlapped by 10 cm, after which the film is glued together with adhesive tape.

Note! The thermal insulation layer is influenced by several factors, for example, the coefficient of thermal insulation, the power of the heating system, the location of the house, and so on.

When all the preparatory work is done, it’s time to start making a rough tie. To do this, lay the reinforcement mesh. Usually used mesh with cells 150? 150 mm. Under the grid, you must put a reflective film that will direct the flow of thermal energy up. On the grid you can lay out the contours of the heating pipes. It should be noted that when arranging a water heated floor in a private house, it is important to allocate space for the installation of a collector. Through it will be monitored the level of temperature in the room.

Note! The recommended length of one circuit is no more than 80 m. If it is longer, the coolant will simply cool down, and as a result the floor heating will be uneven.

If necessary, you can create 2, 3, or even 5 heating circuits. In the collector, each circuit can be signed, for the convenience of managing underfloor heating. Fastening of pipes is carried out directly to the metal grid, with special clips. In conclusion, the finish line is poured. It is necessary to add a plasticizer, which will not allow cracking of the screed when it is heated. Also around the perimeter of the room to the wall is placed damper tape, which will serve to compensate for thermal expansion.

Note! You can fill the screed only when the system is filled with water. Water should be in the pipes until the screed is completely dry. Turn on the heat in this process is impossible.

In the end you will have to lay the finishing floor covering, for example, tile, floorboard, laminate and the like.

Nuances that can not be forgotten

At arrangement of a warm water floor in the private house it is important to pay special attention to trifles. Failure to follow simple rules can negate all your efforts. The following are tips and recommendations, the observance of which will help to do all the work as accurately as possible:

• The use of damper tape is a mandatory requirement. Due to this, the heating cake can expand as the temperature changes. This expansion will fully compensate for the damper tape, which is glued to the wall over the entire floor area.
• Important conditions - arrangement of the comb or collector. This device is unacceptable to save. This is the place to manage your warm floors. A hot heat pipeline from the boiler is supplied to it. Also from it is distributed coolant in the heating circuits. Thanks to the mixing unit, a clear temperature balance is achieved. As a result, the created system works with high efficiency.
• The thickness of the finishing screed on top of the pipes should not exceed 6 cm. For the solution to be elastic, a plasticizer is added to it, which will increase resistance to temperature changes.
• In order to prevent the screed from drying out, during its drying it is possible to lay a plastic wrap on top. If this is not possible, moisten the screed regularly.

So, we have considered with you one of the possible technologies for arranging a warm floor. For example, if you want to save a wooden floor, you can also lay heating pipes on top of it. To do this, there is a technology that is used less frequently. We hope that the provided article will help you to do all the work with your own hands so that during the cold period of time the room has a comfortable temperature. In addition to this, we offer you a video on this topic, as well as diagrams from which you can learn about other aspects of designing warm floors in a private house. If you have personal experience in making such a system, be sure to write reviews at the end of the article.

Video

From the provided video you can learn more about the intricacies of creating a warm floor in a private house:

Scheme

Below is a series of schemes from which you can learn some of the subtleties of making a warm water floor in a private house: