How to make the entrance gate - two options for arranging

Installing a security guard around the perimeter of the land plot is considered one of the primary tasks that the owner of a private backyard farm needs to solve when developing their own territory. Currently, there are a large number of various technical projects for the manufacture of the fence, but no matter which one was chosen as the final version, the mandatory step of installing the enclosure fence is the installation of the entrance gate and the entrance gate.

Until recently, for the entry of vehicles into the backyard territory of residential houses, only swing gates were used with manual closing and opening of shutters. Now, along with them, swinging or sliding automatic entry gates with electric drive and remote control from home or from a key fob are also often used, so later in this article I want to pay attention to the main features of manufacturing and installation of both the first and second versions.

Oar metal gates with elements of artistic forging.

What you need to know about the construction of the entrance gate

First of all, you need to decide on the installation site of the gate and the choice of the size of the entrance opening, since not only the convenience of arrival, but also the safety of residents of a private house will depend on these parameters. The main requirements for the location of the gate are that they should be installed in the gap of the outer fence of the site from the access road, if possible, opposite the entrance to the garage, or in the immediate vicinity of the equipped parking lot in the private yard.

Regarding the choice of the size of the entrance gate, depending on the width and relative position of the driveway to the house, I advise you to follow the following rules:

1. The optimal width of the entrance opening for the passage of a car should be at least 2.6-3 meters, and for the passage of a truck this distance should be at least 4 meters;

Recommended sizes of gate openings and wickets.

1. The distance from the nearest outer edge of the carriageway to the support column of the gate leaf must be greater than or equal to the minimum turning radius of the car (for a car or a minibus, this value is 5-6 meters, and for a truck or caravan - 6-10 meters);
2. If the width of the curb, sidewalk or roadside front garden is less than this value, and the width of the carriageway is less than 3.2 meters, you need to either increase the width of the entrance opening by 1-2 meters, or shift the entrance gate into the yard by 1-1.5 meters as shown in the picture below;
3. The height of the opening sashes is chosen at the discretion of the landlord, and is usually assumed to be equal to the height of the main fence, but in most cases this value does not exceed 1.6 - 1.8 meters.

The layout of the entrance opening relative to the access road.

Tip! The size and location of the entrance opening should be designed in such a way that it ensures unhindered entry not only of private passenger vehicles, but also, if necessary, allows you to drive into the courtyard of the truck, assenizatorskoy vacuum barrel or fire truck.

Selection of materials for production

When choosing a technical project and building materials, I want to immediately remind you that the entrance gate and the gate are the face of the garden plot, so their design and appearance must be maintained in accordance with the general design concept of the entire fence.

In addition, materials for the manufacture of bearing structures, hinge elements and opening sashes should have sufficient strength, high resistance to long-term exposure to weather factors, as well as resistance to the effects of multiple dynamic loads caused by the constant opening and closing of the gate.

1. If the pillars of the main fence are made of brickwork or monolithic reinforced concrete, then the supporting pillars for the gate with a wicket are best made from the same material, having previously installed embedded structures inside them for fastening hinged garage loops;

Supporting pillars and frame construction of metal swing gates.

1. If the main fence is installed on metal poles, then the door poles should be made of a round or profile thick-walled metal pipe. At the same time, it is necessary to pay special attention to the corrosion protection of the part of the pillar that will be concreted in the ground;
2. Frame construction of swing gates has a cantilever attachment to turning hinges, and, accordingly, is experiencing significant shear and sagging loads under the weight of an open sash, therefore, most often it is made of thick-walled sectional metal pipe, shaped forged elements of black metal-roll or wooden bar of large section;

Supporting structure and the external lining of wooden gates.

1. As the outer skin for opening sashes, I propose to use the following types of materials, which, together with the frame structure, form a single continuous or lattice canvas of the entrance gate:

• I recommend a wooden frame from a bar to be sheathed with a tongue-and-groove planed plank pre-treated with a water-based antiseptic impregnation;
• For the sheathing of a metal frame from a shaped pipe, you can use large-format steel sheets with a thickness of 2-3 mm, securing them around the perimeter and in several places in the middle, using semi-automatic electric arc welding;
• In my opinion, the preferred option for covering metal gates is a profiled sheet of galvanized steel 0.8-1.0 mm thick, coated on both sides with polyester powder enamel. In this case, for mounting you need to use galvanized bolts, painted roofing screws or rivets;
• To make translucent entrance gate openwork lattice design, it is best to use ready-made elements of artistic forging, which must be welded to each other according to a previously prepared template, and then painted with weatherproof matte or glossy enamel in the desired color.

The diagram shows the comparative characteristics of swing and sliding gates.

Tip! In some cases, asbestos-cement sheets are used for exterior door trimming, or in other words, flat slate, however, I do not recommend using this material for these purposes, since it has a lot of weight, and is also quite fragile, therefore after repeated opening and closing of the gate, can split into pieces.

Swing gates

Of all the existing types of entrance gates, I want to distinguish two main types, which, in my opinion, are universal, and are best suited for organizing the arrival of vehicles on the territory of a private yard.

The most popular among the residents of the private sector are the entrance swing gates, consisting of two supporting pillars, on which, with the help of hinged garage loops, symmetrical or asymmetrical opening doors are hung. Considering the fact that when opening they swing open in different directions, for the normal functioning of such gates, free space is required inside the courtyard, equal in width to the maximum opening radius of the largest sash.

Drawing swing gates with an outer coating of the profile sheet.

The manufacture and installation of swing gates with your own hands should begin with the installation of support pillars, and you should definitely take into account possible changes in the position of the pole as a result of frost heaving of the soil during the cold season.

1. To thick-walled metal pipes for support columns, in the lower part you need to weld a T-shaped jumper from a steel corner of 30x30, and then treat their underground part with bitumen mastic or other waterproofing compound;
2. On the ground, make the marking for the installation of the gate, and in the right places dig holes for support posts with a depth of at least 1000 mm. Seal the bottom of each pit, and pour it with a layer of rubble 80-100 mm thick.
3. Install bearing pillars in the pits, pour liquid concrete mix, and then level them vertically in the level, and fix until the final solidification of concrete;

A small gap should be left between the carrier frame of the sash and the supporting column.

1. Swing opening flaps need to be manufactured taking into account that after their installation, a gap of at least 5-10 mm wide is formed between the frame structure and the supporting column.;
2. After the concrete hardens, the finished sash should be installed in its place between the supporting pillars., and align their sides vertically strictly on the level;
3. Under the bottom side of each leaf to place temporary linings of wooden bars, and fix them from the sides with temporary supports, and then weld the garage hinges to the carrier frame and support posts, two or three pieces on each side, depending on the size and weight of the gate.

Installation scheme of swinging doors.

1. Checking the coaxial arrangement of the valves, and making sure that when opening and closing the gate, they never jam and touch the ground, top and bottom, you need to install locking mechanisms for fixing the gate in the closed position.
2. So that in the future each time not to think about how to support the sash from accidental closing with a sharp gust of wind, the lower locking mechanism should be installed so that it allows you to securely fix the gate in the open position.

The photo shows the installation site of the thrust bearing.

Tip! If the entrance opening has a large width and the length of each leaf exceeds three meters, in the place where they are interconnected after the gate is closed, I recommend to install a low thrust bearing on the ground that will serve as an additional support for each leaf in the closed position.

Sliding gates

At first glance, the entrance sliding gates may seem more difficult to manufacture, however, despite this, this solution allows a more rational use of the courtyard space, which, with a competent approach, makes it possible to place two cars on the same courtyard fit only one car.

The only prerequisite for the installation of such gates is to have enough space along the inside of the fence, which is necessary for placing the sliding door in the open position.

General view and recessed anchor foundation sliding console gate type.

Currently, there are several varieties of the construction of sliding gates, and then I suggest that readers elaborate on one of them, which, in my opinion, is most suitable for installation in a private courtyard.

In this case, the opening leaf cantilever is fixed on rigid horizontal guides, which can freely move along the fence along rotating rollers, which, in turn, are fixed on the rigid bracket of the anchor foundation.

1. As in the previous case, the first step is to install support columns using the same technology as described above;

The main elements of the design.

1. Choosing the distance between the supporting pillars, I can say that the optimal size of the plot for a country house should be about 3000 mm, and the opening sash needs to be made in such dimensions that its length is 500-600 mm larger than the width of the entrance opening;
2. Two horizontal guides of a thick-walled steel profile pipe with a cross section of at least 60x30 mm must be welded to the rear part of the frame of the sash, so that on one side they protrude beyond the outer dimension of 1500-2000 mm;
3. On the other side of the entrance opening, into which the door leaf will roll back, having moved 400-500 mm into the yard, dig a small trench, then install a mortgage anchor foundation with fixing pins for the console block, and pour the concrete mix to the ground level;

Design drawing showing the main dimensions.

1. After the final hardening of the concrete, fix the U-shaped cantilever bracket with rotating support rollers to the studs of the anchor foundation;
2. Finally, install the horizontal sliding roll guides on the bracket with support rollers, then fix the support brackets and the opening stop on the near support column from the top and bottom, and install the upper and lower catchers on the far column and the locking mechanism for fixing the leaf in closed position.

Drawing retractable sash with fermic struts.

Tip! If the sliding sash is of greater length, in order to increase the rigidity of the structure, I recommend welding the rails of a 40x20 mm profile pipe to the guides and to the door frame, or install a supporting cable stretch, as shown in the figure above.

Automation of the opening and closing of the valves

The automatic mechanism for opening and closing the valves can be installed on almost any gate, while I do not recommend to invent anything on my own, but to buy a completely ready device. It consists of an electronic control unit, electromechanical or hydraulic actuators for moving sashes, a set of photocells and infrared sensors, and a remote control unit.

Schematic installation instructions of automatic entrance gates.

Depending on their purpose, modification and specific model, such devices can differ significantly from each other, but they all have approximately the same basic set of different functions and modes of operation.

1. When operating in automatic mode, the doors open after the car approaches them for some distance, and close themselves after the car passes the gate;
2. In the semi-automatic mode, the opening of the valves is performed manually, with a remote control, and the closing occurs automatically after the gate has passed;
3. In addition, various models of devices can be equipped with audible or visual alarms for opening and closing the valves, audible alarms in the event of unauthorized access, as well as the function of locking or unlocking the locking mechanism during a power outage.

Electromechanical gear-rack drive retractable sash.

Note! Installing infrared sensors and photocells of the blocking system at a certain distance from the gate allows you to avoid injury to people, as well as damage to the car or other foreign objects that are currently on the trajectory of the closing sash.

Conclusion

Summing up, I want to note that it is quite within the power of any home craftsman who has a set of simple building tools in his household, but at the same time, it is best to entrust the manufacture of the supporting structure, opening doors and locking mechanisms. the issue. More complete information about the installation of the gate can be obtained from the video presented in this article, and if after viewing the readers have questions, I can answer them in the comment form.