The manufacture of solid wood doors - types of wood, the

Despite modern technology, the emergence of high-quality imitations of natural materials, man surrounds himself with natural things and objects. Not an exception and the door of the array, turned out to be a little behind the popularity of their semi-synthetic counterparts, which is associated only with their high cost.

This article introduces the reader to the advantages and disadvantages of structures, their varieties. Consider how to manufacture doors from the array, as well as deal with the intricacies of their installation.

Advantages and disadvantages

Before deciding whether to install solid wood doors in your home, you should get acquainted with their advantages and disadvantages. It is no secret that the main advantages of the structures are naturalness and environmental friendliness. But besides these advantages, there are other, quite important positive characteristics.

However, like all designs, they have drawbacks.

The table combines the pros and cons of installing solid wood doors:

Types of structures from the array

Doors are made from different lumber. A properly selected processing technology designs, allows you to get a quality product at a low cost.

For the production of door leafs from the array are used:

• Plywood. In this case, thin sheets of wood are glued together on the press with synthetic resins. The advantages of the structures: strength, resistance to mechanical stress, durability, low cost. Minus products - the use of adhesive based on resin;
• Solid board. This is the most expensive type that requires constant care and timely processing of the doors.
• MDF. They are made from waste lumber, processing and pressing on a special machine. Material advantages: the optimal dimensions of the product, the thickness of the cloth can be from 4 to 22 mm, high hardness, moisture resistance, does not deform. Minus - use in the manufacture of resin-containing adhesive compositions that emit phenolphthalein.

The quality of the wood door is greatly influenced by the type of wood used to make it.

Varieties of wood

The table presents the most frequently used for the manufacture of doors, wood species and its features:

Wood species	Special features
	The main advantage of the doors of pine - affordable cost. The disadvantages of these doors: The softness of the tree; Low resistance to moisture and temperature extremes; The latter drawbacks can be eliminated by modern methods of manufacturing and finishing doors: for production glued, not solid pine is used. In this case, a different direction of the fibers in one product improves the design characteristics.
	The main advantage of the doors of alder - high resistance to moisture. Besides: Alder обладает целебными свойствами — в ней содержатся многие дубильные вещества, оказывающие благоприятное воздействие на здоровье человека; Alder contains a small amount of various resins; The material does not smoke, does not emit harmful substances into the air. Long since this wood was used for the heating of baths; Such products are ideal for outdoors and rooms with high humidity.
	It is a strong, solid and rather heavy wood, used for the manufacture of relatively inexpensive doors. The advantages of nut constructions: a very beautiful and original structure, which can be given any color. In addition, the nut can be perfectly polished, in this respect, the material can not be compared with any other tree.
	These are the most expensive, among similar, products. Constructions: Heavy; Durable; Durable; Have a unique structure; Excellent withstand changes in humidity and temperature; Possess unsurpassed heat and sound insulation properties; Do not warp and do not change their original size; Hard to handle.
	Doors from merbau in appearance resemble pine, but their quality is better. Products: Durable; Durable; Resistant to moisture; Do not crack when drying. This is due to the fact that inside the wood there are a large number of oils that create a strong protective film on the surface of the web.
	Maple leaf has a reddish or light yellow tint. When drying the material does not crack, gives a slight shrinkage. This is a fairly durable design that is not afraid of mechanical stress. Buying a door of maple, it should be borne in mind that wood changes its color when it falls at different angles.
	Aspen с оранжевым оттенком в любом дизайне смотрится богато. Материал не боится влаги. Механической отделке поддается плохо, из-за большой плотности материала.
	The doors of ash differ in an unusually bright wood pattern. The color of the product is from whitish-yellow to honey. The strength and durability of the design are similar to oak. But they are soft, which facilitates work with the canvas. When drying, the doors crack minimally. Well tolerated temperature drops.
	Color beech pinkish, light shade. The wood is hard, difficult to process. Practically does not absorb moisture. On the strength and appearance is not inferior to oak, as seen in the photo.

Doors from the massif can be made practically of any wood. Using modern means, many manufacturers, giving inexpensive wood a certain color, give the product of valuable species. By eye it is impossible to determine the type of tree.

Tip: When purchasing solid wood doors, preference should be given only to proven manufacturers who have a sufficient number of positive reviews.

• It should be borne in mind that the "doors of the array" are not made of solid solid wood, such as walnut. This is technically wrong: such a “product” will not last even one season, it will lead, the geometric dimensions will change. In addition, it is difficult to imagine the diameter required for the manufacture of the door of the tree.
• For the correct manufacture of products from the array, used "furniture shield", rather than a solid piece of wood.
• Furniture shield is wood glued together in width. This uses the press and high-quality glue. The quality of the manufactured shield affects the performance properties of the door.

The most crucial moments in the manufacture of furniture panels are:

• Drying This is one of the main operations in the production of the shield. Wood should be thoroughly dried to prevent future deformations of the product due to changes in humidity and temperature;
• Glue. The bond strength is directly affected by the quality of the selected glue;
• Fiber direction. It is of great importance. They must be in each lamella perpendicular to the next fiber. This will give strength to the shield, and prevent any of its deformation.

Door classification

Before you start making the door with your own hands, you should familiarize yourself with their classification. This will help to choose the most suitable option depending on the features of the doorway and the operation of the structure.

For operational purposes, the doors can be:

• Interroom. Made of wood. They are much thinner, they do not have great requirements for safety, heat and sound insulation;
• Entrance street. Такие конструкции отделяют от внешнего мира дом. Требования к ним более высокие. Чаще всего, они изготавливаются из стали, которая отделывается натуральным деревом или MDF.
• Entrance apartment. Despite the fact that these doors are entrance doors, they are operated as internal ones, as they do not contact the street (see The entrance wooden door with your own hands: anyone can do it).

By door design can be:

• Single, consisting of one canvas. Mounted in a doorway, whose width is up to 100 cm;
• One and a half, consisting of two canvases, of different widths. One of the canvases, as a rule, opens only when necessary, and is fixed motionless;
• Double, consisting of two canvases of the same width.

On the device and production technology, door leafs are:

• Paneled. This is the most complex and costly to manufacture, which is a frame with internal inserts in it, called panels. For their manufacture using various materials with a wide range of forms. The elements are connected to the frame using the thorn-groove system. To make a beautiful appearance, glass panels are inserted into the canvas. Paneled doors are often used as entrance doors, provided the device is reinforced frame;
• Shield This is the most simple and cheap to manufacture designs. Such a canvas consists of a wooden bar or chipboard frame, which is sheathed with veneer.
• Keyboard. For their production, several selected identical bars are used, which are interconnected by a key, which can be a wooden bar or a steel forged strip. These doors are used more often in rural areas for outbuildings.

Door manufacturing

Doors from the massif are made according to the standard scheme. Differences can only be in the material and installation of accessories.

Tip: Before starting work, it is necessary to choose the right boards for the frame. They must not have defects, be even, normal humidity.

After the acquisition, the boards should be kept for several days in the room, so that they adapt to the microclimate of the room. Then the tool is prepared for work.

For the manufacture of structures from the array, the following equipment is required:

• Circular saw or jigsaw;
• Manual mill, for cutting grooves;
• Grinding machine or attachments on an electric drill or grinder, with sanding paper;
• Electric drill, screwdriver;
• Chisel, screwdriver;
• Ruler, tape measure, square, pencil.

From the materials required:

• Board, section 150x40 mm.

Tip: It is better to purchase boards with a margin, which can be useful in case of errors in the processing of materials, so that the boards are from the same batch, the same humidity.

• Carpenter's glue;
• Configurations or shanks;
• Solid wood for panels.

Instruction of work:

• Prepared drawings on the door of the array and the elements of the frame. At the same time: boards of measured length are cut, wide parts are ground. From the ends it does not make sense to do it - they will be milled at an angle;
• Chamfers are cut with a frezer, a groove is cut 20 mm deep and 16 mm wide, along the entire length of the board, strictly along its middle;
• To connect the end boards, their ends are cut at an angle of 45 °. Details are applied and adjusted in place;
• From the massif of a tree panels of the necessary sizes are made;
• Preliminary assembly of the structure;
• Possible deviations are revealed, which are corrected before the final assembly of the doors;
• After checking all the sizes of the assembled structure, the door is finally assembled on confirmats. Before this, all the joints are coated with glue;
• Fittings are mounted.

To properly assemble a door from an array, you should watch the video in this article.

Door installation

To install the door of the array will need such tools:

• Roulette;
• Level;
• Electric drill, router for drilling holes;
• Screwdriver;
• Wedges of wood;
• Mounting gun;
• Polyurethane foam;
• Stameska;
• A circular saw;
• Drills for installation of accessories;
• Fittings on the door.

Stages of installation of a door from the array:

• The doorway is measured correctly. More accurate data is obtained after dismantling the old flooring and door frame. The width of the opening is measured at several points, the obtained data are compared. At the same time, it is necessary to leave technological gaps of 5-8 mm from two sides. The height of the opening is measured according to the floor level;
• The existing door leaf and strips located on the sides are measured.
• A circular saw removes all the excess from the opening;
• Going together the door frame. In this case, the gap between the box and the canvas should be 3 mm. Bottom, it can be larger, depending on the thickness of the coating on the floor;
• Holes for locks and hinges are cut on the canvas. In this case, it should be borne in mind that the weight of the blade is large enough, therefore it is necessary to install 3 loops for its fastening;
• The canvas is hung on the box;
• Assembled door is fixed in the opening. Wooden wedges are used to fix it. Fastening is made with screws and dowels. The correctness of the installation is regulated by the building level;
• Slots are blown with foam;
• Dobory and trim are installed.

Door care

For increase in service life of products, it is necessary to look after them correctly:

• Ensure that the humidity in the room is between 40% and 60%;
• Caring behind the door, you can not use tools with abrasive elements;
• It is desirable to polish the door surface with wax;
• Every 2-3 years should be carried out adjustment of the hinges.

The production of solid wood doors is a rather complicated process, which requires not only the availability of special equipment, but also the experience of such works. Therefore, it is better to choose a reliable manufacturer of doors from an array, and order the design by its size and selected sketches.