Installation of doors according to gost

After installation in the opening, the door unit becomes an integral part of the wall or partition. Therefore, the main regulatory document on which installers should be oriented is the standard number 3.03.01 * 87, which combines the requirements for all types of bearing and enclosing structures. But the door is the door, and their installation technology is different.

Many people mistakenly believe that there is some general document, such as: “GOST Installation of Doors”. In fact, a separate standard is provided for the manufacture of each type of door blocks, but in the annexes to them, recommendations are given for installation.

We will acquaint you with them, and, with the help of the video in this article, we will give recommendations to those who plan to install the doors themselves.

Door Installation Tips

Production of exterior and interior doors made of wood (see Wooden doors - GOST - GOST guarantees quality), is regulated by different standards, and there are no applications with recommendations for installation. But there is a technological card (HUNDRED) number 43.32.10, according to which the installation of doors GOST.

So:

• The external doors include blocks installed both at the entrance to the house and at the entrance to the apartment - although the latter, by and large, are not outside, but inside the building. For fire safety reasons, both should be hinged.

• It consists of a box, fixed in the opening of the wall, and a canvas, which can be either deaf or glazed. By the way, a great example of a glazed entrance door, you can see on the title photo. Door leaf, hung on the box, form blocks, and made of metal, plastic, or wood.
• The glass entrance door (see. Glass doors - types and possibilities of use) is an option for public and office buildings, and in a living room all-glass doors look especially good. Only they are not manufactured according to GOST, but according to the specifications developed by the manufacturers - they also provide the mounting technology for each product.

When the door is located at the entrance to the house - that is, it is in direct contact with the atmosphere, for its comfortable operation measures should be taken to protect the structure from gusts of wind, water leaks. To do this, the entrance is equipped with a visor, or arrange a vestibule, which will serve as a kind of buffer zone.

Wooden blocks

Whatever you say, but the most popular - in any case, when it comes to living quarters, were and remain wooden doors. That is why, our instruction begins with them.

As a rule, the entrance wooden door is deaf, and has a shield or panel structure. From this may depend on the price of the product, but not the technology of its installation.

• For installation it is very important that the opening in the wall exceeds the width of the door frame. Both the pillars and the upper crossbar must be installed with a gap of 2 cm, which is necessary for wood to expand, to which, in varying degrees, all materials are subject. Previously, these gaps were filled with felt during installation, and now they use a more modern material with excellent thermal insulation properties - mounting foam.

• The wooden door box is assembled from a timber with folds, fixed in the opening by means of expansion dowels or steel plates. If large and heavy canvases are foreseen in the project of the building, anchors can be laid in the masonry of the wall for fastening the door box elements.
• The absence or presence of a threshold is one of the design features of the doors; if there is a threshold, then two elements are installed for its installation on the floor. To fix the box in the opening, the width of which exceeds 1.25 m, it is also necessary to mount the horizontal bar to the lintel with screws.
• Weeds are fastened to the mortgage bar with pins, necessarily using thin wooden pads. In those places where self-tapping screws or nails are used as fasteners, their heads should be inserted into specially made recesses, which upon completion of work, putty or close them with plastic covers.

Installation sequence

In principle, whether it be the entrance doors to the apartment, or the doors in the offices - GOST, or rather the SRT (technological map), provide for a similar procedure when installing them.

And the order is:

• Cleaning the surface of the opening
• Installation of box elements
• Placing and securing the threshold
• Loop fastening
• Hanging and fitting the web
• Sidebar lock
• Installation of dobori (as necessary)
• Installation of a cash register
• Decoration of mounting points

Let us dwell on the stages of the work in a little more detail. Note that the moisture content of the wood from which any joinery is made should not exceed 12%.

If you purchased a door without a front finish - the so-called budget version of the door for painting, then this percentage will most likely be exceeded. Therefore, before installation, the product must lie down for a day or two in a warm room to adapt and dry.

So:

• In principle, in the process of construction of apartment buildings, which are commissioned with rough finishing, only these doors are installed. In this case, the first thing that needs to be done is to determine, using a measuring tool, whether there are any deviations between the actual and design dimensions of the openings. Where they exist, make appropriate marks on the walls or partitions.
• Sometimes manufacturers put antiseptic paste on the outer edges of wooden boxes. If there is no such coating on the product, you need to apply it yourself using mastic or ruberoid strips. In general, according to the standards, wood should never be in direct contact with other structural materials: metal, concrete, plaster, brick.
• Wooden or plastic wedges, with which the box is fixed in the opening (8 pieces per block), as well as fasteners, must be prepared in advance. When the unit is in full factory readiness, everything that is needed for installation is included in the kit.

• The block is installed in the aperture and temporarily fixed with wedges, after which a vertical plane of the box is checked with a plumb line. Identified deviations eliminate tamping wedges. Control of the horizontal plane is carried out by level.

Note! The door is put after the plastered wall dries, or its plasterboard is made. But laying flooring and installation of skirting slats should be done after. Do not forget to decide before starting work which way the door should open. It would be right for the entrance door to be opened in the direction from the room to the street or the landing.

• Installation of factory doors full readiness, makes it possible to avoid some technological operations. Not only that, in them the box is already assembled and equipped with hinges, a locking plate and an emphasis, so even the platbands are already cut at 45 degrees.
• When the box has to be assembled from individual elements, the work begins with their cutting and assembling into a space frame. After that, hang the loop, and installs the frame in the opening. When it turns out to be reliably fixed in the design position, they mount the mating part of the loops on the canvas, hang it up, and proceed to the installation of the casing.

How to make a tie-in of loops and lock correctly, select the opening limiter, install the trims and the peephole - these are topics that require separate consideration. You will be able to find all this information on our website without any problems, and we will further describe how the installation of aluminum doors according to GOST, as well as what the installers of steel and plastic doors are guided by.

Installation requirements for metal and plastic doors

As already mentioned, recommendations for the installation of all door blocks, except wooden, are given in the standards governing their manufacture. Accordingly, the GOST for the installation of aluminum doors is nothing more than a document number 23747 * 2014, according to which aluminum alloy doors are produced. Requirements for their installation are formulated in Appendix “A”.

• First of all, in this application it is stipulated that the installation of such doors should be carried out by specialized organizations, and their commissioning should be confirmed by an act with an agreed warranty period for the work performed. So, about any self-installation here we can not go.

• In any case, the manufacturer of the door must provide the customer with an approved installation manual, which includes: diagrams of typical junction points; specification of consumables; sequence of work.
• The document pays special attention to sealing and sealing the junction points of the block to the aperture. Filling gaps should prevent cold air from entering the room, leading to condensation on the surfaces of the openings.

Regarding fasteners, it is noted that when installing aluminum doors, it cannot use assembly foam, glue, or ordinary construction nails - only screws, dowels, and adjustable supports. When installing such blocks there are some differences not only in the frame fastenings to the aperture, but also in the distance between them, but, in general, the installation process is not much different from wooden doors.

Plastic and steel doors

Plastic door blocks are made in accordance with the requirements of standard 30970 * 2002, and recommendations for installation are formulated in Appendix “B”. Door blocks assembled from PVC profiles, as well as a variant from aluminum profiles, are always mounted by specialists of the company that manufactured the product.

So:

• Manufacturers of plastic doors are subject to the same requirements regarding accompanying documentation and guarantees for their work - therefore, we will not repeat. The technology of mounting the door frame is also practically the same as the aluminum version.
• Requirements for the installation of steel doors are formulated in Appendix “E” to the standard 31173 * 2003. Here are the diagrams of the assemblies, and the location and number of the mounting loops (lugs) are specified, as well as the types and sizes of fasteners. Steel doors are much harder than aluminum or plastic, so there are no screws here. Attach the frame to the opening with the help of construction anchors with a diameter of 10 mm.

When installing any doors, not just steel, it is very important not to allow deviations from the vertical, and all instructions state that they should not exceed 1.5 mm per meter of opening height. In this case, the overall symmetry of the door frame should not deviate by more than 3 mm.

For sealing and sealing the joints of the frame with the wall, can be used sealing materials such as polyurethane cord or compression sealing tape, porous insulation, as well as silicone gels and polyurethane foam. It is not recommended to paint the installation seams when installing frames with frames - and this is regardless of the type and design of the door unit.