Installation of door closer on the outer and inner parts

21-02-2018

Doors

Closers are devices for automatically closing the door, are used in residential and industrial buildings that perform their work unnoticed, with proper installation and maintenance.

When installing outside of the room, the climatic conditions that do not affect the doors inside the room should be taken into account. Closers used internally are usually calculated for less weight and harmless operating conditions. How to install the door closer, prompts article.

Types of closers

Before installing the door closer, you should get acquainted with their varieties.

The main types of structures according to the method of installation are presented in the table:

Closer type	Special features
	The device is mounted on top of the door frame.
	It is mounted in advance, when repairing the room. Otherwise, after all the work is completed, it will be impossible to install a door closer with your own hands.
	This is the most complex type of product that requires enough experience to install. Often, detailed instructions for installing the door closer are attached to the product. With its observance of problems will be less.

Choice of the door closer

Tip: Choose a driving mechanism, should, given the size and weight of the door.

The main rules for choosing a structure are:

The weight of the door leaf is determined. With increasing mass, the power of the device increases;
With too heavy canvases, it is possible to install door closers on more than one door, but with the observance of their synchronous operation;
The correct operation of the mechanism with a door leaf width of more than 1.6 meters is not guaranteed;
Pay attention to the speed of slamming and closing the door, which is determined visually;
Braking opening This function is necessary to protect the door from damage when it is struck against a wall;
Door locking in the open position;
Delayed closing. This feature allows you to easily pass when you need to hold the door.

When combining several functions in the closer, the price of the product increases.

Mechanism mounting options

Depending on the design, different mounting options are used. For example, mechanisms with sliding channels or with levers can be fixed from the inside and outside of the door structure inside the room.

Tip: Due to the negative effect of temperature fluctuations, do not install the device on the outside of the entrance door.

The smoothness of the lever travel is ensured by the spring controlling it, with variable flow of engine oil into one cavity, and then into another. In cold weather, the oil acquires a greater viscosity and becomes more dense, and in the heat, on the contrary, it becomes liquid.

Due to temperature fluctuations, adjustment of the device should be carried out more often than indicated by the manufacturer. This will cause a reduction in the working resource of the system.

In this case, one of the three mechanisms for mounting the mechanism is selected:

Standard installation. In this case, the fixation of the main working body is performed on the canvas. The lever is attached to the lintel door box;
In the upper scheme, the mechanism is fixed on the lintel or upper beam of the box, and the lever shoe is attached to the door leaf;
Similar to the standard version, a parallel arrangement is performed, but the lever is fixed not perpendicular, but parallel to the mounting angle.

The installation scheme of the door closer depends on the hinge placement option or the direction of movement of the blade when it is opened / closed. When the door is opened “on itself”, the mechanism is mounted according to the standard scheme on the canvas, and the lever is fixed to the box beam. The option “from itself” suggests the upper mounting of the closer to the lintel, and the fixing of the lever is performed on the canvas.

There are also non-standard cases, for example, with an insufficient height of the door opening. From such a structurally complex situation, you can use the mounting plates and corners.

The door closer in similar cases is installed according to a parallel scheme in one of two ways:

the lever is attached in parallel, securing its shoe to the mounting bracket, which is fixed on the box;
the main body of the mechanism is attached to the box beam using a special mounting plate.

Tip: You can not use the door closer, as a limiter for opening the door. For this there are door stops.

Scheme and rules of standard and top mounting

The main rules for mounting structures are:

The correct choice of model closers, taking into account the weight and width of the existing door. For relief, you can use the European standard table - EN 1154.
For example, for a door up to 75 cm wide and weighing up to 20 kg, it is sufficient to use an EN-1 class door closer, with parameters of 85 cm and 40 kg, you should purchase EN-2.
The class of the mechanism is indicated in the technical documentation. For a heavy door, in the absence of the device of the necessary parameters, you can install two closers, evenly distributing the load on them;
Ensure that the selected mechanism option is available for installation;
After installation, the door closer will not rest against a wall or any piece of furniture;
The closer and the lever must be installed on a flat surface.

How to install the door closer correctly, the video shows with all the nuances.

The mounting algorithm of the upper door closer is as follows:

Selects the installation location of the door closer, taking into account the direction of door opening. When opening the door "on itself", the device case is mounted in the upper part of the door leaf from the hinge side; "From myself" - the body is attached to the door frame, and the lever to the door leaf. Using the same technology, close-type closers are mounted, regardless of the type of thrust - channel or lever;
Attached wiring diagram in 1: 1 scale, to the door closer, to the door leaf and the door jamb. Through the paper core marks are marked hole drilling. The scheme must be used according to the chosen type of installation;
Drilled in the box and door leaf holes of the desired diameter. In the manufacture of doors of metal of small thickness or aluminum profile, you should use special elements for fastening or bonki, which will prevent the metal from deforming in the place of fastening parts;
Screws through the drilled holes fasten the body structure and the shoe lever or slatted rail. The counterpart of the lever is fastened to the body of the closer with a screw; the lever in the knee is connected.
Mark up and set closer;
Adjustable knee lever so that it is angled at 90? to the plane of the door leaf, as in the photo;
The door closing force is adjusted. At the same time, the door opens, the closing speed is estimated and it is adjusted to the required value with adjustment screws;
Adjustable door closing speed;

When adjusting the device in the “dokhlop” mode, you need to clearly adjust the force and speed of closing the doors in two zones: in the range of 180? up to 15? and from 15? to 0 ?. In the end zone, the speed and force should be slightly larger in order for the doors to slam properly, but large speed differences should be avoided;

When adjusting, it is impossible to unscrew the screws strongly to avoid depressurization of the door closer and oil leakage, which will lead to failure of the device.

Installation procedure for floor closer

An outdoor door closer does it yourself to open the doors with right and left porch and swing doors.

The door is hung on special hinges. In this case, the bottom will carry a double function: as a door hinge and a lever, one of its ends is connected to the output shaft of the device, the other is mounted on the door leaf.

The installation procedure for the door closer includes:

Markup cardboard template.
A hollow is hollowed out under the door, on the hinge side.
When marking the template is positioned so that the axis of the mechanism was with a protrusion on one vertical, and the upper edge of the recess came under the box and the door by 3 mm.
When marking the groove for a pendulum door, it is necessary to place the template parallel and symmetrical to the door leaf.
The groove in the wooden floor is hollowed out to a depth of 6 cm. In the concrete pavement it is necessary to use electromechanical cutters.
The closer casing is inserted into the recess. The gap between the casing and the walls of the recess is filled with cement mortar or its substitutes.
After solidification of the solution, you can install a closer.
The casing of the closer is placed in the casing and is pre-fixed with screws.
The top loop for doors is fixed. A vertical plumb line passed through its central hole should indicate with a conical tip the center of the output shaft of the structure.
When attaching the top hinge, possible small deviations can be adjusted by shifting the door closer inside the casing to 10 mm.
To move the closer body, it is necessary to loosen the screws on the opposite side of the screws located near the output shaft.
To give the body the desired position relative to the top hinge, check its parallelism to the door leaf. For this adjustment, four screws are used, two on each side of the closer body. After its final installation, the fastening screws are tightened.
A dust plate is put on the output shaft of the structure, and the door leaf is hung on the hinges.
Screw sets the desired speed of closing the door leaf. When turning its head clockwise, the door closing slows down, and against it - accelerates.
The decorative protective cover is attached.

Custom installation scheme

If the door has non-standard dimensions or a large weight, a non-standard installation of the door closer is used. To do this, install additional mounting strips or corners. Their design in each case is developed in place, taking into account all the nuances.

With a non-standard installation, you can use the following options:

If it is impossible to fasten the lever to the door frame, an additional mounting angle is placed, and the screws are fixed in a horizontal plane. A lever is attached to the corner from the inside;
On the corner is set the door closer, which is attached to the upper slope of the door box, and the lever is fixed to the door;
The mounting plate is mounted on the door, which extends beyond the upper edge of the panel, and the door closer is attached to it. A lever is attached to the door frame in the usual way;
The mounting hanging plate is placed on the door frame, on which the door closer itself is mounted, and the lever is attached to the door leaf;
The door closer is fixed in the standard way, and the lever is attached to the mounting plate.

Which is better to get a closer for the door, its installation, shown in detail in the video in this article.

This is a brief technology how to install a door closer. In order to prolong the service life of the device, during the operation you should not make efforts when closing the doors, restrain or rush them.

After installing the door closer outside the door, it is necessary to protect the structure from direct contact with any precipitation, to protect the oil from freezing. Proper installation of the structure and compliance with simple rules during operation will ensure a long service life of the door closer of any design.