How to attach a porch to the house correctly

If the facade of the house is his face, then the porch of the house is the face of the facade. How to attach a porch to the house, so as not to disrupt the general harmony of the architecture of the house and get the correct functional element.

The porch of any home in the first place should be functional and comfortable to use. Its main purpose is to provide free access to the entrance of the house in the presence of a high basement part.

Porch - the main purpose and requirements

В основном при проектировании любого жилья, одновременно проектируется и крылечко, как неотъемлемый элемент. Но если по каким-то причинам не удалось сразу спроектировать (см. Проект крыльца. Профессиональные советы) и построить крыльцо вместе с домом, или возникла необходимость изменения расположения крыльца, возникает вопрос, how to attach a porch to the house максимально эффективно и функционально.

Before you properly attach the porch to the house, it is important to understand the main purpose of the porch:

1. Free access to the entrance with a high base
2. The possibility of opening and closing the front door
3. The possibility of free transportation of bulky household items (beds, wardrobes, etc.)
4. Operational safety

Porch for the house under the gaze

With the main issues figured out. Now it is necessary to dwell on each separately.

So:

• Free access to the entrance at a high base implies the presence of an appropriate number of steps and their location relative to the approach to the porch, which ensures maximum comfort and convenience. The steps (see steps for the porch: the original decoration of the main entrance), like the porch, do not have to be rectangular in shape. Depending on the architecture of the house and the adjacent area, they may have an oval, trapezoidal and other shape.

• The possibility of opening and closing the entrance door assumes the free presence on the top of the porch when manipulating the entrance door. To do this, the depth of the upper platform must be of an appropriate size. It is calculated based on the size of the entrance door. If your door has a width of 900 mm, then the depth of the platform must be at least 1900 mm. This refers to the front porch. If the steps are located on the side, the depth of the porch should allow free opening of the door, i.e. more than 900 mm. Do not forget about the railing.
• The possibility of free transportation of bulky household items implies wide access to the entrance. There may be problems with the lateral arrangement of the steps. Therefore, the frontal location of the steps is the most effective in terms of performance properties.
• Safety in operation due primarily to the presence of the fence porch. Modern cottages are built in the bulk with high ground floors. The height of the porch reaches 1.5 meters and higher. In such cases, the fence system is not an empty sound, but a vital necessity.

Design and calculation

It is necessary to build a porch with a project. When designing a porch for the house, it is important to keep the general proportions. A small porch with massive doors looks quite primitive and, conversely, too massive a porch, against the background of relatively small doors and at home, as a whole “weighs down” the overall look. Measure must be observed in all.

Let's build a porch in a house with a basement above 1.5 meters. It is assumed that the construction of the house porch in this part was not planned and there is no common foundation for it.

We specifically chose such a difficult task. If you need a smaller porch, these recommendations will help you to easily solve it.

After conducting preliminary calculations and considering the sketches of the future porch, it becomes clear that the porch will turn out pretty impressive size. Our task is to build a porch with minimal costs.

Let's get started As it becomes clear from all the above, without a foundation is not enough. Unlike the same cottage, if you use concrete for the porch, we will get a lot of financial costs, and it will take a lot of time.

Stages of construction

Proper preparation is the key to success.

Therefore, we will make the foundation, and we will mount the porch of ordinary bricks. Prepare tools and materials.

Materials:

• Cement for SSPTS foundation - 500D0, cement for PC laying - 400 D20.
• Sand for concrete and mortar.
• Rubble
• Ordinary brick
• Ruberoid
• Fittings

Instruments:

• Trough for mortar
• Shovel
• Building level
• Motocross beeches
• Trowel

The foundation is the foundation

Getting to the foundation. In order for the porch to fit snugly to the house and, over time, it does not change its position, a quality foundation is needed. It is impossible to connect with the existing foundation without violating the integrity of the latter. Therefore, we need to delve into the soil below the mark of freezing in your area.

Help: It is believed that the foundation can be arranged on the surface of the soil. The main condition is its integrity. If the foundation has sufficient rigidity and density, it can lie on any soil without penetration. On the one hand, this is true.

Let's look from the financial costs. The foundation of the structure, lying on the surface without penetration, should be much stronger than the recessed. Due to the movement of the soil during freezing and thawing, the foundation will experience heavy loads in different parts.

Do not save the special pads against heaving of the soil. On such a foundation will take much more materials than the recessed, which evenly rests the whole mass on a dense soil.

Usually, a foundation without burial can be arranged in areas with dry ground and low precipitation. With regards to two different foundations of the same structure (as in our case), one cannot do without deepening here. Attach the porch to the house in this way is impossible. The porch "will float".

Итак we build a porch по всем правилам. Чтобы получить крепкое крылечко, кирпичную кладку выполним в целый кирпич. Размер стандартного кирпича 250*150*65 мм. Значит толщина фундамента должна быть не менее 300 мм.

We build a porch for the house

So:

• Make markup on the drawing our porch with pegs and twine.
• Digging a trench. The trench is ready. We fall asleep at the bottom of small rubble and we tamp. 100 mm of rubble will be enough.
• We carry out reinforcement with reinforcement. Separate rods knit soft wire together.

We prepare a solution for concrete (see. Concrete porch).

Composition:

• 5 pieces of rubble
• 3 pieces of sand
•   part of cement

Our advice - The solution should be dense. Excess water will give plasticity to the solution, but in turn this will lead to peeling and flaking. To avoid this, mix all the dry ingredients and gradually add water, knead the solution.

So:

• Fill the foundation of the future porch. Leave for 20 days. In order for the foundation not to dry, you can spray it with water or cover it with plastic wrap. The film should be removed after a week and let the foundation dry out in the remaining time.
• You can perform laying. If we use other materials for the exterior decoration of the porch, you can perform the laying with a simple brick without worrying about the accuracy of the jointing. If the brickwork will simultaneously perform the role of covering the facade of the porch, jointing should be done perfectly.
• But waterproofing is needed first. Waterproofing performed with roofing material. At the same time, the roofing material is laid not only on the foundation, but on the entire area as a whole. By this we waterproof the subsequent filling.
• Performed waterproofing in two layers. Parallel layers are laid 10–15 cm to each other with overlap. Waterproofing should extend 50–100 mm beyond the porch area on each side.
• Masonry is performed in the standard way. All rows are stacked on the level of stretched twine, pre-leveled using the building level.
• The masonry is complete. It is necessary to fill the inner space of the porch. For this fit a variety of construction waste brick and concrete. A layer of waste 250–300 mm thick is poured with dry sand and ramming. It is desirable that the waste brick or concrete were well sprinkled with sand and do not have large voids. To do this, you can sprinkle them with water when tamping.
• Thus, we fill all the inner space without reaching the upper edge of the masonry by 200–250 mm. The very last layer should consist of rammed sand.
• A layer of rubble is laid on top of 100–150 mm. You can fill the surface with a coupler.
• What else needs to be done is to provide fixtures for the porch railing. It depends on the type and method of fixing the railing. If railings with balusters are attached directly to the porch, it's time to install fixtures for them.
• The tie is performed in the usual way. As you can see, the ruberoid laid on the entire area perfectly waterproofs the entire charge and screed. First, the upper platform is poured, and after it all the steps, starting with the top one.

House porch - additional features

Later on, the tile can be perfectly laid tile (see. Tile for the porch).

Our advice - use rough frost-resistant tiles. For this perfect porcelain. The tile must be pressed into the solution. Check for voids under the tile by tapping. Available voids create a distinctive sound. When they are detected, the tile in which emptiness is found must be shifted.

Outside the porch can plaster or impose a decorative stone.

Our advice - depending on the type of exterior, provide, when laying, mounting for the facade. This applies to cases where the exterior requires additional fastening.

So, your porch construction is ready, only the finishing remains (see The porch decoration is an indicator of your hospitality). On this issue, we will not stop and consider it thoroughly. After all, it all depends on the architecture of each particular house, the preferences and taste of the owner. Everyone is free to do it at their own discretion.

Having completed the work correctly, your porch will delight you and your guests for a long time.