Gost: plastic balcony doors

The tendency of plastic to displace the wooden contents of window and door openings continues to grow. This is especially true when it comes to balcony doors, because they are mounted in a pair with a window. Why do people prefer PVC balcony doors: GOST 30970 wooden doors?

What is their advantage and what are the varieties? The instructions in this article will provide answers to many questions of interest to our readers, focusing on the content of this standard.

Regulatory basis for manufacturers

Standard number 30970, according to which PVC doors are made, was updated in 2014. Prior to this, manufacturers focused on a document with the same number, but approved in 2002. Why did the replacement take place, and what significant additions have appeared in it?

The fact is that the previous standard applied only to doors with a hinged opening design, and folding units or, as in the photo, sliding, were made according to technical conditions.

• The state standard for such products simply did not exist, therefore, according to standard sizes, manufacturers had to focus on the corresponding GOST for wooden blocks (see GOST - GOST wooden doors guarantee quality). Such things often happen as fundamentally new materials or structures appear - after all, the development of new ones or the revision of old manuals for their manufacture sometimes takes a lot of time.

The new standard applies to all types of PVC door units with a frame construction, except for special-purpose doors: bulletproof, fireproof (see GOST: installation of fire doors), etc. All other products, including balcony doors, are regulated by GOST 30970 * 2014.

PVC door classification principle

There are five signs that classify GOST doors - balcony and other, made of PVC profile.

And these are the signs:

1. Purpose
2. Variety of filling the canvas
3. Constructive solution
4. Decorative profile finishing
5. Opening mechanism

On the first point, the balcony door blocks belong to the “B” group, which includes all the doors that are operated inside buildings.

Filling canvases

As for filling, in this PVC door is not particularly different from any other options. They may be deaf, that is, filled with opaque materials. But for the balcony is the wrong option.

• The most common version of the balcony doors, this canvases with a combined filling: on top of the glass, bottom of the sandwich panel. The third type is the canvases glazed along the whole height, which you can see in the given example. The price of such a door is somewhat higher, but it looks much better, and more light passes through it.

For the glazing of PVC door cloths, a variety of different types of sheet glass can be used: tempered, reinforced, multi-layered, patterned. So, the cost of doors depends not only on their size, but also on the type of glazing.

Design and decoration of PVC doors

The third sign of classification is constructive solutions. And there are six options.

What is the same-door door that opens to the right or left is clear to everyone. But the balcony doors, like any other, may be double-sided - this option you see in the picture below. Moreover, the canvases are both the same and different widths, with impostny or shtulpovovy porch.

• The difference in the design of doors may be in the presence or absence of the threshold. If not, then the door frame (box) is closed and its lower part is welded from the same profile as the vertical elements. The PVC door can be equipped with an opening or hollow transom, but balcony blocks rarely have such a design.

Note! Remains the sixth option: burglary doors. Since the balcony can be unglazed, there is always the danger of unauthorized entry into the apartment through it. This is especially true for apartments located on the lower floors. So, a balcony door may well have such a constructive solution.

• As for the opening methods, something has already been said about them. These are three types: swing, sliding (see. Installation of sliding doors with their own hands) and folding. The latter option is especially good for a terrace in a private house.

For the most part, white PVC doors are installed in the apartments, but this does not mean that they cannot have a different color. Moreover, the product can be painted either in bulk or superficially. The door blocks can also be co-extruded with a front covering or with a decorative film (laminate).

Requirements for the quality of products

Each manufacturer manufactures PVC door blocks according to their own designs and relevant documentation attached to them. And, nevertheless, they must meet all the requirements of the current standard.

In particular, it states that the door leafs and frames (frames), although welded from PVC profile, must be reinforced with steel mortgage elements.

So:

• If a threshold is provided in the block, it should be securely fastened mechanically, and not glued. In this case, the threshold contour in the longitudinal section must necessarily be closed. Failure by the manufacturer to comply with this requirement leads to a rather rapid punching of the threshold.

• The standard also puts forward requirements for impost doors, which should be fixed in the frame by welding or mechanical connection. There are restrictions on the dimensions of the plastic doors: the area of ​​the opening canvas should not exceed 2.5m2, and the total size of the door with a vestibule should not exceed 6m2. The maximum weight of the PVC door leaf is 120 kg.

The size of the canvases for swing doors, on the recommendation of the state standard, should be 2.4 * 1.0m. In the manufacture of blocks that exceed these figures, the manufacturer must perform additional tests and document them.

Installation recommendations

As for the installation of plastic balcony blocks, they are not done by hand. Installation is made by the manufacturer, and, in general, this service is included in the cost of the product.

Yes, this is correct, since the responsibility for the quality of the product and the correctness of its assembly lies with one legal or natural person. So, the customer can only control the process, and the video in this article will tell about it in detail to anyone who is interested.

• Installers involved in the installation of balcony blocks are required to perform work in accordance with GOST 30971 * 2012. It is referred to as the standard for the installation of seams of window blocks, but applies to the nodes of doors, gates and panoramic glazing adjacent to the bearing walls.

According to this document, the requirements for the seams between the block and the wall look like this:

• The seams must be tight, that is impenetrable for atmospheric moisture and wind. Compliance with the requirements of GOST is determined by the outer side of the joint.
• There should be no local freezing of seams along the contour.
• They must ensure the rigidity of the structure. and its resistance to operational loads.

The durability of the seam can not be less than the service life of the door or window unit. This requirement is provided by the possibility of replacing suture materials during the operation of the block.

Non-replaceable materials can be used only if their durability corresponds to the full service life of the balcony door.

• The structure of the seam along the contour of the door consists of at least three layers. The outer layer provides protection from external influences and the diffusion of moisture. The function of the middle part of the seam is reduced to the retention of heat and noise insulation - in any case, through-blowing should be excluded.
• The inner layer must ensure vapor insulation and diffusion of condensate formed from steam inside the room. In fact, the seam permeability indicators for sound, steam and moisture should not be lower than the corresponding parameters for the door itself. Indoors, the assembly joint is closed with a window sill, elements of cladding slopes or a plaster layer. This can be done by the host himself!

• As fasteners for structural elements of doors, only dowels, screws or special mounting kits with adjustable supports should be used. For this purpose, the use of adhesives, sealants, foam, and construction nails is prohibited by the standard.
• The dimensions of the gaps between the aperture and the top and side parts should vary between 10-12 mm. At the bottom of the junction depends on the presence or absence of the threshold. The distance between the attachment points of the frame to the wall should not be less than 70 cm - that is, the vertical stand is attached at least in three places: at the edges and center.

Blocks should be installed along a plumb line, with a maximum deviation from the vertical of 3 mm for the entire height of the opening. When opposing racks are deflected in opposite directions, a phenomenon that specialists call box twisting occurs. So, this stage of the unit installation is the most important.