Gost 31173 2003 internal steel doors

The topic of the material presented by us, became the GOST on steel doors, equipped with locking devices, and installed in industrial and civil buildings. The only thing that this standard does not cover is the door, to which special requirements are made: resistance to aggressive substances, explosion resistance, bulletproofness and fire safety.

The use of all other products, about which, among other things, the video in this article will tell, depends on the conditions of their use, and is governed by GOST door 31173.

Classification features

Steel doors GOST 31173 2003 are classified according to six main features. First of all, this is, of course, an appointment, as the entrance doors can be: street, internal and chain. And internal doors can be entrance apartment, and operated as a usual interroom door.

Structural differences

The second sign determines the design of the door unit. Here the difference may be in the box, as it is closed; represents the shape of the letter "P"; or it is completed with a threshold, which is an additional element.

• The following classification feature relates to the number of canvases and their opening options. The most common doors with one leaf - left or right opening. Then there are bisexual blocks, the cloths of which can be either the same or have different widths.

• Metal doors - most often it is ceremonial models, can also be decorated with inserts. It is either a rectangular or semicircular transom, which is located horizontally above the opening, or narrow non-opening canvases on the sides of the canvas. This is the version we see in the photo above.

Distinguish between the door and the way in which they open: outward or inward. It also matters how many seal loops are located in the vestibule. They are often two, but maybe more.

Facial trim and performance options

The fourth sign, according to which steel doors are classified according to GOST 31173 2003, is their front finish.

There are seven options:

• At number one is paint - both traditional and powder. These are the most popular finishes (see Metal door finishes — create your own style): in the first case, the consumer’s main criterion for product selection is the low price, and in the second, the incredible durability of the coating, which has already been called anti-vandal.
• Next come the options with natural or artificial leather lining and insulation; decorating with film coatings; cladding wood roll or plate materials (veneer, MDF-lining). By the way, many of these types of finishes can be done on old doors or do it yourself.

Note! For all types of polymer coatings used for decorating doors, the manufacturer must submit a conclusion confirming their sanitary safety.

• The glass or mirror finish looks very beautiful on the doors, especially the front doors.. As an option, the canvas is ennobled with a metal lining with beautiful milling or engraving, or several finishing methods are combined in one model. In general, coordinating their actions with the customer, the manufacturer can perform any other type of decor - even gilding.

With regard to thermal properties, according to GOST, steel external doors are divided by resistance to heat transfer into three classes. At a minimum, this figure should be 0.4 m2 * C / W.

Anything less is not subject to classification. The highest class is with heat transfer resistance of more than 1 m2 * C / W. There is a table in the standard, which presents the desired indicators of air permeability and water resistance.

Sound insulation for steel doors is equally important. There are also three classes, the division of which is carried out according to the level of noise reduction.

Indicators less than 20 decibel are not subject to classification. The third class is the lowest, with indicators up to 25 dB, in the second class up to 31 dB, and the first class is more than 32 dB.

Mechanics and security qualities of products

The standard for doors made of metal is also a table with indicators of strength, which are also divided into three classes. There are five different characteristics in it, according to the meaning of which the doors belong to one or another class. It is installed on the worst test result.

This resistance to static loads acting in the plane of the canvas; perpendicular to the canvas; and in the loop area. The level of resistance to dynamic impact in the direction the canvas opens to and impact in both directions is also regulated.

By security properties, doors are classified as follows:

1. Doors standard performance. They are equipped with locking mechanisms of at least third class (M3), and anti-removable pins.
2. Reinforced blocks. Here, to the above, reinforced door hinges are added, and locks with a large number of bolts that can lock the door around the perimeter of the porch. Their strength must correspond to the second class (M2).
3. Security door units. These are all the same reinforced blocks, but the characteristics of the locks installed in them must correspond to the first class of strength (M1).

• You can learn about whether the doors are reinforced in front of you, or protective, by marking them. The corresponding letter “Y” or “Z” is simply added to it. In general, this standard recommends manufacturers in the passport to the product to indicate all the data mentioned above. They are also encrypted in the labeling.

Information should include: construction solution; the option of filling the web and its facial finish; dimensions; castle class. The passport should be attached to the opening scheme of the canvas or paintings, as well as instructions for installation and operation of the product.

Requirements for steel doors

Paragraph five of the standard we are discussing voices a list of requirements that apply to door blocks made of steel. Among the general provisions, information is given that the web is a welded structure, for the manufacture of which steel sheets or curved profiles are used.

Welding is a must-connect parts. Other types of joints are permissible only if they are ahead of the welded ones according to the strength characteristics - but this is, in general, unlikely. With regards to the design solutions of canvases, the standard presents four main options.

Constructive varieties of canvases

The first option is this: the canvas is made on a frame from profiles with a closed hollow section, and two steel sheets are welded to it. At the same time, the web is filled with a honeycomb (corrugated cardboard or hardboard). The second type of metal doors looks like a bent box mounted on profiles with a U-shaped cross section. Inside such cloths fill with polystyrene foam.

• In the third version, the frame of the canvas is welded from profiles of a more complex section, filled with mineral insulation, and closed outside with a steel sheet, and from the side of the room with sheet wood material - for example, hard fiberboard. This is the type of door you see in the picture below.

• The fourth option is also combined: the frame filled with foam is made of wooden bars - and only its edges are protected with an angled steel profile. The outer and inner side, as in the third case, is closed on the one side with a steel, and on the other side with a fibrous sheet.
• Regardless of the constructive option, the canvases should use the middle pieces - stiffeners, reinforcing the frame of the canvas. They can be not only vertical or horizontal, but also oblique. The loopback zones, as well as the places where anti-removable pins are installed, are necessarily strengthened.
• In the manufacture of metal cloths, the standard allows the lining of the inner side is not solid steel sheet, and cut blanks, welded to each other along the profile, reinforcing seams. On the inner sheet must be provided hatch, which is necessary for the repair of the lock or latch.

• Locking mechanisms, which include not only locks and latches, but also valves, are fixed on special pads, screws and clamping brackets with thread. Welding is not used, since in its process you can easily spoil some parts of the lock.
• Holes, which include a deadbolt or lock bolt, must be protected by a metal box that is welded to the profile of the frame. The entry of the bolt when closing the lock must be free - and for this the hole size must be at least 2.2 cm larger than the bolt cross-section.
• The proper level of sound insulation is achieved by installing two sealing circuits. Gaskets are mounted along the entire perimeter of the canvas, preventing the slightest gap. If the door unit is intended for outdoor installation, then the seals must be resistant to humidity and temperature changes.

It should be noted that the doors according to GOST 31173 2003 - namely, their size and weight, there are some restrictions. The following figures should not exceed:

1. height: 2.2m
2. width: 1.2m
3. on the area of ​​a cloth: 9 sq.m
4. by weight: 250kg

Additional calculations are made on the doors manufactured above the above standards, and their compliance with the requirements of the standard is confirmed by the results of individual tests.

• In order to make it impossible to remove the blade of a closed door from the hinges, the design of the product includes fixed bolts, or, as they are called, anti-pins. They are installed on the frame of the canvas, and fastened by welding, riveting, or pressing.
• The size of the pins, their number and location should be indicated in the working drawings. But most often they are provided alongside the hinges, since this is the most reliable option.

So that the door frame can be installed in the opening, the parts that are called mounting lugs are welded to its profile. Other solutions directed by the manufacturer to ensure the durability of the unit installation are also allowed.

Dimensions and tolerances

About what should be the maximum dimensions in height and width, it has already been said above. In general, metal doors, like any other, are performed in standard versions.

If it is a single-door door, then the most common dimensions are: for an entrance door 2.1 * 0.9m, for an internal door 2.0 * 0.8m. Although, of course, the options may be different. In any case, both the dimensions and the drawings made on the canvas are necessarily reflected in the technical documentation of the product.

• In addition to the dimensions of the door itself, it reflects sections of the profiles, detailed dimensions of the nodes and gaps. In the drawings indicate the location of the locking devices, holes, for them, and hinges. The standard also provides a table in which the maximum allowable deviations from the dimensional intervals are defined.
• Generally speaking, 3 mm is the maximum, which is allowed only by the internal size of the box with a height of more than 2 m. The minimum allowed for the outer size of the canvas, which is 1 mm / 1000 mm. In the gaps under the overlap there should be no difference greater than 1.5 mm.

• The manufacturer must with the same care to control the length of the diagonals, and sagging of the facings, and the straightness of the edges of the frame and the canvas. All geometrical parameters are calculated taking into account the design features of the product, its installation technology, and in accordance with the standard 21778 in force since 1981.
• GOST, which is discussed in this article, imposes requirements both on the materials used in production, components and seals, and on finished products. In particular, the steel elements should not have the curvature, cracks, holes, dents and rust. Although a slight waviness, not detrimental to the aesthetics of the product as a whole, is allowed.

Supply of steel door unit is assembled with a locking device. This is mandatory - but such components as the peephole, opening angle limiter, closer are installed by additional agreement of the customer. The product should have a label, or a marker inscription informing which manufacturer, when, and by which order it was made. Also on the block must be affixed a marking and a stamp of the department that carried out the technical control.