How to make a rough ceiling

In the house or apartment, one of the main structural elements is the ceiling. He during the construction is reasonably devoted a lot of time. To build a reliable overlap, you first need to perform work on the draft ceiling. It is arranged both in the apartment of a multistory building, and in a private wooden structure. When during construction or repair it is the turn to this stage of work, many do not know how to make a rough ceiling, on the basis of which it would be possible to make a fine finish.

Device ceiling in the apartment

Draft ceilings are different. If the overlap is formed by pouring a mixture of concrete, it becomes a monolithic ceiling. Most often in apartments of multi-storey buildings floors are made of slabs of standard sizes. When carrying out repairs to the premises, the master must first carry out the preparatory work or arrange a draft ceiling, on which it would be possible to finish. To this end, the former ceiling coating is removed, bumps are fixed, and ground and plastering works are carried out.

• Currently, many elements of buildings are being erected on monolithic construction technology. This option provides for the device in new buildings of ceilings using a single monolithic slab, which can not have elevation differences. This overlap is a smooth and even surface, which eliminates the need for a rough ceiling, leveling works. Monolithic ceilings without unnecessary preparatory work ready to putty the surface. You can immediately apply the finishing mixture, which, if necessary, can hide rare irregularities. After that, you need to go through the primer and the surface of the ceiling is ready for finishing. 

• For the device of a draft ceiling in a house built from panel standard elements, the necessary work will need to be made much more. In such buildings, standard slabs were used in construction, so there are often drops between them that need to be leveled. There will have to apply a building mesh and several layers of putty. Only after the final leveling it will be possible to proceed to the primer and finish.

Note! The execution of the draft ceiling must be approached with all responsibility, since the appearance of the ceiling after facing works largely depends on the quality of its device. 

• The installation process on the device of the draft ceiling must begin with the removal of the previous coating. Remove, for example, whitewash. To do this, a certain amount of master's soap is added to the bucket with water, the liquid is mixed, and the old layer is washed off. For this purpose, you can apply an aqueous solution of soda. After this, the ceiling is additionally cleaned and well dried. If at the previous whitewashing a thick layer was applied to the ceiling, then the construction tool will be the best tool.
• If the ceiling was painted with the previous finish, the paint must be removed from the surface. It is advisable to remember which paint was used. Aqueous emulsion paint from the ceiling surface is good to remove vinegar solution. If oil paint was used, the best option to remove it would be special liquids with an alkaline reaction. When removing the wallpaper on the ceiling often remain traces of glue, from which you can get rid of water with the addition of 1% hydrochloric acid.
• Ceilings are rarely covered with wallpaper, but if this is your case, you can easily remove them with a spatula. Sometimes not all of the coating is removed at the same time and successfully, so it is advisable to wet the problem areas with water. When the paper becomes loose, the spatula removes the remnants of the wallpaper.
• The kitchen is a special zone in the dwelling, the ceilings of which are often in a smoked state. For the treatment of such a surface, a liquid with a content of 2% hydrochloric acid is recommended. Then the surface of the ceiling is thoroughly washed with hot water. If there are grease stains on the ceiling, they are washed off with a 5% solution of ordinary soda. Sometimes there is rust on the ceiling of the kitchen. It is removed by liquid on the basis of copper sulfate in the ratio of 1/10. The composition must be prepared in clay, plastic or enamel pot.
• A rare but unpleasant phenomenon on the ceiling is mold. It usually appears on the background of regular high humidity or frequent flooding from the neighbors above. Since the overlap does not have time to dry, fungal cultures begin to multiply on its surface. Getting rid of mold is carried out first by mechanical and then by chemical method. First, on the contaminated surface you need to walk on a metal-based brush, then use acetic acid or chlorine-based products. This method is considered quite effective and practical. After getting rid of the fungal disease of the walls, the room needs to create conditions with dry airing.
• After carrying out all the preliminary work it is necessary to level the surface. This process is performed by applying layers of plaster or applying drywall. This material will also need to be plastered to hide irregularities arising at the joints of sheets.

Having mounted the draft ceiling with your own hands, it remains only to trim the surface at its own discretion.

The ceiling device in a wooden house

In a wooden house, a draft ceiling is an important part of the overall construction. It seems to be the basis for future construction work. In order to have a solid appearance at the final stage, it is necessary to follow all the rules of construction and carry out work in a certain order.

• That the house did not lose the third part of thermal energy, the ceiling is warmed at the initial stage. This will allow in the winter time to be in comfortable living conditions and economical use of heat carriers that heat the house. To do this, you need to purchase high-quality and good insulation. This material is laid between the beams. Products from mineral wool are considered the most acceptable option for insulation. They are produced in roll and sheet versions.
• Then the bars are fixed to the beams with nails. They will be the basis of the draft ceiling.
• The next step will be the preparation of boards for flooring. They are cut according to certain sizes with a shortage of several millimeters. Then there is a filing of the rough ceiling on the wooden beams. In this case, you need to make sure that the boards are mounted perfectly smooth.
• Before the device of such a ceiling, wood material is necessarily impregnated with antiseptics and fire retardants. These tools will create a reliable protection of wooden elements from mold, insects and fire.

Having completed the work with the draft ceiling, you can safely take up the surface cladding. 

Video

This video shows the process of making a rough ceiling: