The sizes of a bar - the characteristic of different types

Before embarking on the construction of a wooden house, it is necessary to determine the type of building material, understand what is required for a good result. In this article, we will look at the dimensional characteristics of several types of timber, or rather, the dimensions of the timber for building a house.

Information will help you solve any problems associated with the design and construction of the house in the home.

Beam - the choice of private developers

Of the lumber family, timber is the most sought-after in construction and furniture production. This material is used in several areas of construction and repair, manufacture of cabinet and upholstered furniture.

However, just as the material used by private developers, it became so popular. This is due to its performance and advantages over other building materials.

The most important advantage of wooden products is ecological safety, which gives your house the noble aroma of wood and allows the walls to "breathe" freely.

The beam is produced in a wide range:

• In terms of raw materials:

• Pines.
• Larch trees.
• Ate.
• Limes
• Oak timber.

According to these characteristics and varies the use of timber in a particular case. Naturally, a bar of a certain size is used for each separate process.

Size range

What do we mean by the size of the bar?

Of course, these are the usual three components:

• Width.
• Height.
• Length.

The cross section of the beam, depending on the method of manufacture, may have the following configuration:

• Rectangular.
• Square.
• Multifaceted (profiled bar).

For square lumber, the first two linear sizes are often called thickness for simplicity, since its width is equal to its height.

Lumber dimensions recommended

For each case, an individual approach is necessary with the calculation of the optimal size of the beam, depending on the intended purpose of the material.

Let's allow ourselves to give general recommendations to amateurs to do the work with their own hands, regarding the dimensions of the sawn timber section for various uses.

• The optimal size of lumber for home, for permanent residence of people, equal to 200x200 mm. The option is optimal for many reasons, firstly, the material is durable, secondly, it has enough thermal insulation, and thirdly, you can safely fix furniture (wall cabinets) on such a timber.
• For the construction of the walls of wooden cottages, outbuildings not designed for a long stay of a person, 100x100 or 150x150 mm are enough. The same dimensions are relevant for interior walls, interior partitions.

The sizes of bars 40x40, 50x50 make this lumber the unbeatable leader for a wide variety of purposes.

Instructions for use of the most popular bar:

• Houses from a bar - designs:

• Roofs (purlins runs under the coating).
• Floors (lags).
• Ceilings (frame for filing a variety of material).
• Frame-sheath partitions (frame, sometimes, as facing - planed timber)

Length - the size of the beam for building a house or other purposes is not so critical compared to the cross section. One of the requirements for the length is the integrity (without joints) of the beam for piling walls in front of the roofing or overlapping of the next floor, attic.

It is also desirable that the walls of the log house were at least several solid bars along the entire length of one wall. Lumber manufacturers, for the most part, have a fairly flexible policy regarding the individuality of orders with regard to the length of the product.

Note! The standard length is 6, 2 and 3 meters, while, as with an individual order, you can easily purchase (by paying for the work) and 8-10 meter bars.

Now more about the characteristics of various timber.

Solid timber

The most demanded ordinary bar is made of a log of trees of different breeds.

By the way of processing it is divided into:

• Planed.
• Нестроганый.

Unstrict timber is used in places where its surface treatment does not matter.

Depending on the size of the cross section, it is called a bar with a thickness of up to 100 mm, and a bar with sizes from 100 and above. The range of parameters of sections and lengths is the widest for this type of sawn timber and is limited only by the dimensions of the raw material.

Note! Cross-sections up to 250 mm are more common, manufacturers try to produce more bulky products for specific purposes or for individual orders.

Glued laminated timber

Glued laminated timber has a kind of reinforcement, as it is glued together with alternating fiber directions at the next board, which gives the material particular strength. The next advantage of this sawn timber is the fact that the glued laminated timber is practically not subject to shrinkage, due to the production of well-dried wood.

Therefore, selecting the size of glued laminated timber for your construction, you can firmly count on the specified parameters. They will remain unchanged.

Note! If it seems to someone that the glued laminated timber is slightly worse than solid wood, we will try to dispel these doubts. Glued analogue is made by gluing several boards (up to five pieces) exclusively from dry raw materials, using non-toxic adhesives. This allows you to achieve excellent performance characteristics of the product, without losing the ability of wooden materials to "breathe"

Different manufacturers of laminated veneer lumber will present your choice of lumber with a different section, such as 150 mm, 210 mm, 270 mm and many others. The decision on the thickness of the purchased timber to take only you, do not forget - an unjustified increase in the thickness of the timber will negatively affect the cost of construction, because the price for this type of product is the highest.

Tip! Try to find a balance of lumber-dependent properties: heat engineering (for building buildings of a different nature) and aesthetics of the general appearance of the building outside.

Glued laminated timber for rectangular house is produced, depending on the destination in the following range:

• Wall - 140? 160, 170? 160, 140? 200, 170? 200, 140? 240, 170? 240, 140? 280, 170? 280 mm.
• Floor beams - height from 85 to 1120 mm, width from 95 to 260 mm.
• Window - 82x86, 82x115 mm.

Profiled timber

Know-how in the production of sawn timber - profiled timber is produced from solid wood or precast section (glued) with different profile geometry:

• The comb.
• Finnish.
• Double, triple and others.

It is giving a bar of such a configuration and makes it more interesting in the construction of wooden houses. The frame of the profiled timber does not need further finishing work outside, because, apart from a good aesthetic look, it is protected from penetration of cold and moisture.

The dimensions of the profiled timber are presented in the standard range 100x100, 100x150, 150x150, 150x200, 200x200 mm. But the manufacturer will always meet the order with individual parameters, again, the cost of the product will increase significantly with this service.

According to the thickness, the profiled beam is used as follows:

• 100 mm - lightweight wooden structures (verandas, gazebos, baths, outbuildings, etc.). Such a profile is also suitable for the construction of a summer house, which is used exclusively in summer. The profile of this thickness is two grooves, two thorns. In a cubic meter of lumber with a section of 100x150-11 pcs., 100x200-8 pcs.
• 150 mm-building a house in regions with a mild climate. The profile of this lumber - comb, protects enclosing structures from freezing. A cubic meter of profiled timber 150x150 holds 7.4 pcs., 150x200 - 5.5 pcs.
• 200 mm - the classic thickness of the timber for the construction of housing. Such a timber is more expensive, but its thermal performance allows building reliable log houses without additional insulation. For these purposes, a profiled bar with a section of 200x150, 200x200 mm is used. The number of units per cubic meter 200x150-5.5 pcs., 200x200-4 pcs.

Note! To achieve the best performance regarding thermal insulation, you need to use a compactor, for example, jute felt. It must be laid between the grooves in order to avoid possible cracks. The advantage of such a compactor is that it will take the form that will be necessary.

Standardly produced profiled bar with a length of 6 meters. But just as in the case with the configuration and profile section parameters, the manufacturer will take into account your wishes regarding the length.

Features related to construction

Finally, we will point out a few important points that an ordinary builder may not know:

• First, it is better to work on the fastening of the boards on wooden fastenings (dowels), since metal products, with increased humidity, may suffer from corrosion. Which eventually will lead to the destruction of wood.

  

• Secondly, all sawn timber should be treated with antiseptics and other protective agents to increase their protection against insects and reduce the risk of accidental fire.

• Thirdly, the process of laying timber is quite simple, but still requires some knowledge in this matter, if you have never encountered such an action, it is better to entrust the work to specialists.

Conclusion

As you could notice, the sizes of a wooden bar are presented in a wide range in the domestic construction market. To pick up something for yourself does not constitute any problems, including, it is possible, having extra funds, to use non-standard solutions. You just have to prepare a competent project at home and start building.

In the presented video in this article you will find additional information on this topic.