The production of profiled timber - technology features and

Timber in construction is a universal phenomenon. He can much and is applied quite widely. Other aspects related to this material are also interesting, for example, the production of a profiled bar in the Nizhny Novgorod region, in the Tver region. The range of application of these technologies is quite wide, but our instructions will tell how this is done and what happens in the end.

Not every tree has its own timber

Without going into the subtleties of technical terminology, let's just say that a beam is a long beam with a square section of more than 100 mm. A rectangular section of the beam is not excluded, but still the smaller side of the figure must be 100 mm or more.

In a shaped analogue in a conventional solid timber body, special grooves and spikes are manufactured industrially for tightly joining beams in the overall wall structure.

For this production, wood is selected according to the following parameters:

• View. And although the species is a general concept, far from all types of wood are involved in the production of building material, but only spruce, pine, larch, fir, and less often cedar. It is noticed that conifers are less susceptible to various diseases and relatively quickly gain the necessary trunk volume and size.

All material selection parameters are fixed in GOST standards, which provide for the production of houses from a profiled bar made of hardwood of only two types: birch and aspen. But even for these hardwoods there are restrictions on the application.

Interesting to know! Although birch has sufficient strength, and its veneer is actively used for the production of multi-layer plywood, timber from this material, and also from aspen, is also not recommended for use in subrafter layers, for the production of subwindow and two lower rims, precisely those places where the maximum contact with moisture. The most successful places for hardwood beams are internal interior partitions.

• Sort Everything is as usual here - from 1 to 4. The condition of wood, especially the core of the tree, the presence of cracks, and various biological lesions are taken into account. But the presence of knots is not a significant indicator and does not play a role in determining the variety.

Production features

Considering the production and construction - the use of profiled timber, or the use of glued counterpart immediately want to delimit technology issues. The fact is that the production technology of profiled timber allows you to open your own production in a workshop or sawmill. At the same time, the price of the issue is to purchase equipment for the production of profiled timber and issue permits.

For a glued lumber (for example, from larch), equipment in the workshop is not enough; here we need factories for the production of profiled lumber, and this is industrial technology. What is a factory for the production of profiled timber? And despite the fact that the technology itself provides a certain mode of impregnation, gluing and drying products, which is absolutely not realistic in the conditions of the workshop.

Technologies for small business

Let's leave the factories to technologists, and we will do profiling on capitalist principles.

So, in the production process, a tree trunk goes through the following steps:

• A log, devoid of bark, is cut and cut into its component parts, the centerpiece is a square or rectangular beam of specified parameters;
• Special cutters at a predetermined depth cut the grooves of the desired shape. And both above and below;
• As a result, we get a product that has a ridge docking system that allows you to assemble a wall much faster and denser than when using ordinary logs or logs. In addition, it is guaranteed to be protected from moisture ingress into the interwarmal space, and, accordingly, rotting and spoilage of wood.

Note! Special milling cutters make it possible to obtain semicircular faces, one semi-circular other flat side is possible. This is achieved by imitating the use of rounded timber and a very interesting appearance of the entire structure.

A few words about drying

Fresh wood for sawing and the formation of the timber does not go, as there is a very high probability that the product will lead or twist (although if it is sawn in the winter, it is quite possible to profile it). In the factory, drying takes place in a special steam chamber.

In this case, the output is a profiled bar with a moisture content of not more than 20%, despite the fact that the natural humidity reaches almost 85% and higher. Why all this, and to the fact that shrinkage depends on the moisture of the material, and the higher it is (humidity), the shrinkage is greater.

And one more nuance to which you should pay your attention - the cracks during the shrinkage of the material.

Unfortunately, this is difficult to go anywhere, so some practical tips on smoothing corners:

• Autumn construction is more preferable, the material is not so susceptible to uneven heating and the number and depth of cracks will be less;
• A rectangular cross-section of the timber is more preferable, since the wider side is under heavy loads and it will be inside. It is impossible to predict the appearance and direction of cracks on a square bar;
• To get out of this situation on the inside of the timber it is recommended to make a discharge cut.

Profiled - Pros and Cons

Like any material, a profiled bar has that set of qualities that is not ashamed to demonstrate:

• Docking grooves allow you to fit the products tightly to each other without additional processing. At the same time, the appearance of the wall is quite attractive, the wall does not require additional alignment;
• Assembly occurs quickly, independently, reminds the children's designer, but for adults;
• The material breathes and for air and moisture it will penetrate better than the glued analog;
• In a bar, there is nothing except wood, and in the glued competitor there is glue based on phenol resin and, although the product has passed certification and the amount of phenol is minimal there, but under certain conditions (destruction of wood) phenol can declare itself, especially not forget about its toxicity ;
• Wood is a material with minimal thermal conductivity and relatively low weight. Consequently, when building a regular house, you can save on the foundation and the cost of heating;
• The house of a profiled bar does not have a special need for warming; the exterior finish can only consist in covering the outer layer of wood with varnish and stain;
• Although glued laminated timber is strong enough, but it is also the most expensive, profiled, of course, inferior to it in this indicator, but in terms of the quality of the buildings being erected, the amount of shrinkage, thermal insulation, the appearance will go on par, and the price is several times cheaper.

Well, and about the shortcomings of the obvious and not very:

• Regarding the treatment of pests and rot - periodically and necessarily. This is certainly a waste, but what to do is necessary;
• Natural tree - natural and cracks. The drier the material, the fewer the cracks, but nevertheless, it is worth remembering this and not forgetting the advice voiced above;

• For a wall bar there is a gradation of 200 mm, it makes no sense to take less. But if you took a smaller section of timber, be prepared for the need to insulate the house.

Finally

In any industry, the main thing is adherence to technology and then a positive result will create an image. The video in this article also prepared an overview of the topic.