The laying of the walls of aerated concrete: glue recipes,

In household construction are increasingly used gas-concrete elements. This piece building material is not an analogue of a brick and has a number of features when laying by hand. We will talk about them in our article.

Features of the use of blocks

Designing a block construction will help to avoid a lot of mistakes and give the opportunity to exploit it optimally.

Normative base

1. Thermal conductivity coefficients (calculated) walls, for grades of blocks not lower than D-500, are contained in Building Construction Code No. 23/02/2003 "Thermal protection of buildings" and SP 23/101 / 2004 "Design of thermal protection of buildings." The service station No. 501/52 / 01/2007 “Design and construction of supporting structures of public and residential buildings using cellular types of concrete in the Russian Federation” should also be taken into account.

Using this data, you can choose the thickness of the block walls.

1. For laying, you should choose products that meet the standards of GOST No. 1359/2007 "Cellular types of autoclaved concrete curing".
2. Installation of external walls of the blocks should be made on the basis of the norms of SNiP № 03.03.01 / 87 "Fencing and supporting and construction." SNiP for masonry walls of aerated concrete indicates that the load-bearing walls of it can be constructed with a height of up to 20 m (5 floors). At the same time, the attic and basement floors are not taken into account.
3. SNiP №II / 22/81 "Arm-stone and stone structures" says that the laying of aerated concrete blocks should be fastened with a thin-layer adhesive mixture of factory manufacture.

Note! The opinion that the price of such ready-made solutions is too high is not justified. Since when using glue, the seams are very thin, then it goes 6 times smaller than conventional masonry mortar.

Such a composition can be made independently. The recipes are listed below.

Glue recipes

Silicate mix for aerated concrete blocks.

1. Such glue can be used at temperatures not lower than + 10 °.
2. The start of glue setting is 20 minutes after application.
3. Completion of setting - 240 minutes.
4. The viability of the composition - 25/30 minutes.
5. The cost of glue - 4/8 kg per 1 square meter.

Polymer cement solution.

1. This composition can be used at temperatures not lower than + 10 °.
2. Its vitality is 180/240 minutes, so it is more convenient to use.
3. Adhesive consumption - 4/8 kg per 1 square meter.

Types of masonry

Single-layer masonry walls of aerated concrete blocks can be produced in the following ways.

This concerns both supporting, self-supporting and non-supporting structures.

1. Installation in "one block". Rows are laid with chain dressing.
2. Laying in "two blocks". Vertical banding is performed. This is done not less than one-fifth of the thickness of the walls. An alternative option is the dressing of items with butt rows every 2/3 of the spoons.
3. Installation in “two blocks” without their vertical dressing. The rows are additionally fastened with anchor plates or dowels. With this method of laying, vapor-permeable insulation is often laid between the layers of blocks. In case of need, diamond drilling of holes in concrete is carried out.

Binding elements must be made of steel reinforcement class BP-I or A-III and treated with an anti-corrosion coating. The use of fasteners from other types of materials is also permissible: fiberglass, basalt plastic, etc.

They should be designed to work under conditions of compressive and tensile loads.

1. The outer walls of buildings, having a thickness of up to 30 centimeters, are placed in a "one block". If their finishing is not provided, the aerated concrete must have a mark of frost resistance not less than F-35.

1. The laying of the internal walls of aerated concrete blocks is also carried out only in “one block”.

Note! When there is a probability of deformation of the foundation by more than 20 mm, the shrinkage of the walls is more than 100 mm or their roll is more than 50 mm, the masonry should be strengthened with monolithic reinforced concrete belts. An alternative option is to reinforce the brickwork every 3/4 rows.

The instruction voices the following requirements for bandaging the blocks.

1. Piece material is tied up in rows. In this case, the elements of the upper row should be displaced with respect to the blocks located below.
2. When building walls in one block, the chain type is ligated. When using blocks having a height of up to 25 cm, they should be shifted by no less than 0.4 block heights. When mounting a material with a height of more than 25 cm, the elements should be displaced at least 0.2 of their height.
3. When building walls in “two blocks”, they can be tied up with tychkovymi rows, every three rows of spoon. If the blocks are of different thickness, you can use a patch ligation. Its depth must be at least 0.2 of the wall thickness.

Note! A separate case is a clutch, carried out by connecting two layers of blocks (without bandaging them) with mesh, rod or strip fastenings. It is considered multi-layer with a flexible type of compound layers.

Masonry blocks

The technology of masonry walls made of aerated concrete blocks provides that the basis for their masonry must be completely flat. The height difference between the lowest and the highest points of the base should not exceed 0.5 cm.

Starting row

1. If the curvature, height difference, local irregularities of the foundation for masonry are more than 5 cm, the initial row of blocks should be placed on the sand-cement mortar. It will provide an opportunity to lay the seam of the desired thickness. It should not be more than 2 cm.

1. Before installing the initial row of aerated concrete blocks on the foundation, it is necessary to equip a horizontal cut-off waterproofing type. To do this, you can use materials based on bitumen - mastic or roll analogs, waterproofing solution, etc.
2. The laying of the piece stone-like materials always start from the corners of the building and continue with its finished rows.

1. The correctness of the installation of each element (horizontally and vertically) is checked by level. It is best to follow the height of each row of blocks along the lace (mooring) stretched on weights.

Work Rules

1. In the corners of the building it is recommended to put the pillars with plumb lines. They will allow to monitor the vertical angles of the laying.

1. After mounting the next row, its plane should be leveled with a special float to remove high-altitude differences between adjacent elements. Dust is removed from the treated blocks, then they are moistened with water.
2. If you want to get an incomplete block, apply the cutting of reinforced concrete with diamond circles.
3. The thickness of the masonry joints of glue can vary from 0.5 to 3 mm.
4. On the horizontal sides of the blocks, the adhesive mixture should be applied with a notched trowel or a ladle, in a continuous layer. This should be done in such a way that when putting the block, the excess glue is squeezed out.

1. The element of laying should be placed on the glue strictly vertically. Its horizontal displacements should not occur. The location of the block can be adjusted with a rubber mallet.
2. Excess mortar is not rubbed on the wall, but cut off after it is set.

Note! When laying blocks on a lightweight sand-cement mortar having a density less than 1.5 t / m 3 (permissible for partitions), horizontal joints should be 10/15 mm thick. Vertical joints can be made less - 8/12 mm.

1. Thermal homogeneity of block lay on heavy solutions (with calculated justification of its carrying capacity) can be improved. To this end, the seams are made in the form of two strips, located near the outer edges of the block, with an interval between them. It is filled with elastic insulating material.
2. Vertical joints should be completely filled; no walls should be blown through them.
3. If the blocks have profiled ends, the vertical joints of the masonry should be filled along their entire height and not less than 40% of the element width.
4. When the masonry is reinforced, the vertical joints between the blocks (at the bend site) should be completely filled, even if their ends are profiled.

Conclusion

Elements of aerated concrete is a modern technological building material. Due to their size, they make it possible to carry out the construction of buildings very quickly. At the same time the house turns out warm, strong and comfortable (learn here how to drill concrete).

The video in this article will give you more information.