Repair of concrete: elimination of cracks, chips. overhaul

Concrete, although it is a strong and durable material, sooner or later its surface still becomes useless. However, unlike many other building materials, concrete can be repaired. If you are faced with a similar need, we recommend that you read this article, in which we will consider in detail how to repair concrete surfaces in certain cases.

Types of repair

All types of repair of concrete floors can be divided into three types:

• Sealing cracks;
• Elimination of chips;
• Filling a new layer of concrete - usually this option is used when it is necessary to repair concrete floors, the surface of which is badly damaged.

Further, we consider in detail the technology of all these types of restoration of concrete surfaces.

Crack repair

Cracks are the most common flaw. Most often they appear on the walls, but they are not uncommon on concrete floors.

It must be said that timely repair of cracks is very important, as it prevents further structural damage. The technology for eliminating cracks is to fill them with cement mortar or other composition.

Materials

The first step is to prepare the following materials for the repair of concrete:

• Cement;
• Sand;
• Water;
• PVA glue.

Foundation preparation

Before repairing a concrete floor or wall, a foundation should be prepared.

Work is performed in the following order:

• First of all, it is necessary to check the surface in the area of ​​the crack for the presence of chips, since in the future they may turn into shallow holes.
• After that, with a chisel and a hammer, you need to widen the crack with your hands along the entire length.. In addition, it is necessary to remove all poorly fixed areas of concrete located in the damaged area.
• The depth of the crack should be at least 5 mm, otherwise it needs to be deepened so that the solution holds for a long time and firmly. You can deepen the crack with a spatula.
• Then you need to clean the crack from dirt and dust with the help of water and a metal brush.. Also for these purposes, you can use a vacuum cleaner.

Crack elimination

After the damaged area is prepared, the crack is filled with concrete:

• First of all, you need to dilute the solution of three parts of cement and one part of sand. In this case, the composition must be added a small amount of PVA glue. The solution in the end should get quite thick.
• Then the gap is filled with the composition using a trowel.
• The surface of the concrete can be leveled with a spatula.

Tip! When sealing cracks, instead of cement mortar, you can use special polymer compositions. In addition, the crack can be filled with silicone sealant.

Chipping

Repair of chipped concrete is carried out on the same principle as the incorporation of cracks. Pre-cleavage area must be cleaned and then apply cement mortar on it.

If the angle has broken away from the structure, a board can be applied to one of the sides, which will allow to form a flat surface. In fact, it will serve as a formwork. As a rule, this method is carried out repair of the concrete wall.

Note! The mortar should be located above the level of the concrete, as it will shrink when dry.

If cleavage destroyed protective layer of concrete and reinforcement discerned, the process for resurfacing a little complex.

The procedure in this case is as follows:

• The damaged area must be deepened to the reinforcement rib and cleaned the edges of the cleavage.
• Then, the armature should be cleaned and treated with an anticorrosive agent.
• After that, an adhesive composition is applied to the surface of the chip.
• Next, the chip is filled with a solution.

Note! If the concrete surface is being repaired outside, then it is necessary to protect the embedded area from direct sunlight and precipitation.

Overhaul of concrete floor

If the surface of the concrete screed is severely damaged, then it is not advisable to perform a “point” repair of the concrete floor with your own hands. In this case, the problem can be solved in two ways:

Now take a closer look at both of these options.

Filling the floor with self-leveling compound

This option is the most simple floor recovery.

The procedure is performed in this order:

• First of all, the surface is cleaned from dust and dirt. In addition, all loose and flaking areas are removed.
• Then the surface should be covered with a thin layer of primer. After the concrete has dried, the procedure must be repeated once more.
• After that, dilute the dry mixture with water in accordance with the package directions.
• The resulting solution is poured onto the floor. In this case, the mixture is leveled using a special roller with rubber spikes.

It must be said that self-leveling mixtures can be so durable, with their help it can even be used to repair concrete floors in a warehouse or in other industrial premises.

Making a new screed

To fill your hands with a coupler, you must perform the following steps:

• First of all, it is desirable to remove the old coating, if possible. This procedure can be performed with a jackhammer.
• Then the surface is cleaned from dirt and dust.
• Next, you need to perform reinforcement with a special metal mesh. Reinforcement should be located in the middle of the reservoir. If, for example, the layer thickness is 10 mm, then the grid should rise above the base by 5 mm, for this purpose wooden blocks of the appropriate size are placed under it.
• Then beacon racks are installed on a horizontal level. All of them should be located in the same horizontal plane. Installation of beacons is carried out on lumps of plaster solution.
• The concrete is poured alternately by segments between the slats. Leveling the floor is a rule that stretches along the slats with swaying left and right.
• After setting the grout, grind the surface with wooden pulp.
• During the first 10 days, the surface of the screed must be moistened with water to harden the concrete evenly.

This completes the process of completing the screed.

Patching

Finally I must say about patching. It is used to restore asphalt pavement.

Patching асфальтобетонного покрытия заключается в наложении «заплаток» из асфальтобетона на разрушенные участки дорожного полотна. Предварительно поврежденные участки расширяются и выравниваются.

As a rule, the destroyed zone is expanded by 20-30 cm around the perimeter. To perform the repair involved special equipment.

Conclusion

We considered all the most common types of concrete repair. If you perform them correctly, in accordance with the above technologies, the restored concrete structures will be able to serve for quite some time.

The only thing it is desirable to repair as soon as possible, which will not only reduce the cost of it, but also simplify the process itself. From the video in this article, you can get more information on this topic.