Reinforced concrete foundation blocks: one of the most

During the construction of various buildings and structures can be used both new and used in reinforced concrete blocks for the foundation. In this case, it is important not only to strictly follow the installation technology, but also the correct choice of the structural elements themselves.

In our article we will talk about this building material, and also give a number of recommendations for those who have not previously encountered it.

Material analysis

General information

A typical foundation block is a parallelepiped made of reinforced concrete.

It has the following characteristics:

• The basis of the material from which these products are made is cement mortar with various fillers. Most often, gravel from solid rocks is taken as a filler, which provides the frozen solution with sufficient strength.
• To make the structure resistant to various loads, it is reinforced with steel rods. Blocks of different sizes can differ both in the configuration of the reinforcement and in the thickness of the bars from which it is welded.
• The mass of most products is such that it is impossible to move them with your own hands. That is why in them at the manufacturing stage they close up the hinges designed for fastening the crane hook.

• Fорма детали также может быть различной. Чаще всего встречаются прямоугольные разновидности, на торцах которых сделаны пазы для заполнения раствором. Впрочем, можно найти и идеально ровные изделия, а также модели в форме призм, трапеций и т.д.
• Such blocks are made by pouring reinforcement cage installed in a special formwork. For work, it is preferable to purchase those that did not harden naturally, but underwent steaming in a special high-temperature chamber. The heat treatment process will accelerate the cement strength, making the product more resistant to stress and wear.

Note! The price of steamed blocks is also somewhat higher than that of natural drying modules.

Main types

Dimensions, weight, as well as the cost of reinforced concrete blocks for the foundation depend on the type to which they belong. And here are several important factors.

First, you should pay attention to the material.

Foundation elements can be made from:

• Lightweight concrete.
• Heavy concrete.
• Claydite (material in which granules of burnt clay act as a filler).
• Porous Concrete.

Each species has its own operational features. For example, heavy concrete is more durable, but it is significantly inferior to porous modules in terms of its thermal insulation potential.

No less important is the shape of the product. Examples of marking the main configurations of the blocks from which the foundations are usually assembled are shown in the table:

Reinforced concrete foundation blocks according to GOST may have different dimensions. Several sizes, most often used in the process of construction of buildings, are shown on the images in this article.

The method of assembly block foundation

One of the advantages of the described products is that with their help you can quickly lay the foundation with a high bearing capacity.

Instructions for performing work in this case has the following form:

• On the plot we apply the markup, on which we are digging a trench. Dimensions of the trench should be sufficient to allow free manipulation of the building modules.
• We drain the bottom of the trench, and then we make sand and gravel bedding.. The gravel bed is thoroughly rammed.
• The arrangement of a waterproofing circuit is desirable: a gravel pillow is either covered with roofing material or concrete is coated with a layer of about 50 mm..

Обратите внимание! Вместо бетонировки можно уложить ряд блоков FL для ленточных оснований.

• Далее, начиная от угла, укладываем фундаментные блоки выбранного типа (чаще всего это PBS). Vertical and horizontal gaps filled with cement mortar.
• When assembling a discontinuous-monolithic foundation, the gaps are made somewhat larger in order to ensure reliable fastening of parts.
• It is better to lay the whole elements, but if this is not possible, then reinforced concrete cutting with diamond circles can be used for fitting.
• We are laying blocks with a mandatory offset, so that the seams in two adjacent rows do not match.. Each row is calibrated for level and plumb.
• After laying all the details, we install the formwork, after which we fill in the concrete grillage around the perimeter of the entire foundation.

However, the described technology is simple only at first glance. To implement it, we will definitely need the participation of heavy machinery, since it is both building standards and common sense that will manually lift the foundation elements.

Conclusion

Fундамент из железобетонных блоков возводится быстрее, чем монолитная конструкция, однако трудозатраты и финансовые вложения будут вполне сопоставимы. Впрочем, в ряде случаев использование железобетонных элементов вполне оправдано, так что стоит ознакомиться с ними поподробнее, просмотрев видео в этой статье.