Reinforced concrete bolt - characteristics and production

One of the options for the construction bolt - reinforced concrete structure. It is used to connect columns, walls, suspensions and other vertical supports. In this case, the reinforced concrete bolt begins to bear a vertical load, if any horizontal elements are installed on them, including metal plates.

Details about the item

Most often it has a rigid attachment, however, there are cases when a hinge joint is used in some structures. It depends on the purpose of the object.

It is often possible to hear that the construction beams are called reinforced concrete beams of constructive purpose, which are a horizontal or inclined profile beam.

The dimensions of the reinforced concrete bolt may be different, including:

• section;
• the form;
• square;
• length;
• method of consolidation, depending on the nature of his appointment.

In fact, this is not quite so, so about how they differ between themselves, let's talk in the last part of the article. Now consider what materials are used for the production of bolts.

Material and parameters

1. This design is made of heavy concrete, whose class is located in the range of B 22.5-40. Their output strength should be at least 75% in a warm period, 85% in a cold period, and, in addition, they should have strict waterproof and frost resistance parameters.

1. To enhance the reliability of the device, during production, reinforcement with high-grade steel reinforcement of one of two types is used:

• hot rolled;
• strengthened by thermomechanical effects.

1. In the manufacture of this building element, GOST is used for reinforced concrete beams, where possible inconsistencies from the established rules are strictly stipulated. For example, when mounting bolts, it is not allowed that technological holes are more than 0.1 mm.

Purpose of the item

The design may vary according to the parameters and its use. Today there are 3 types:

Consider the functionality of the element:

• connects parts of supporting vertical structures;
• creates spatial hardness of all reinforcement;
• allows you to guarantee the geometric stability of the structure;
• timely transfers loads from the beam to the support mechanism;
• increases the surface and strength of the concrete foundation;
• Supports elements of reinforced concrete construction.

Application features

The use of crossbars is extremely extensive:

• they can be used to erect structures of collective planning, especially those where high walls and long corridors are assumed;
• they are relevant in the process of installation of modular structures;
• Concrete goods bolts for residential and multi-storey public buildings are capable of creating window commissures or fences;

• they are also used as racks in power transmission lines, due to which the area of ​​the supporting base increases, which makes it possible to transfer loads horizontally, increasing the abilities of the support.

Tip: for very large multi-storey buildings, as well as a support for large structures, it is best to use 12-meter bolts made of reinforced concrete. Their design allows better withstand enormous loads and pressures, surpassing steel of regular size.

Special features

The main difference and peculiarity is that the element is capable of withstanding powerful loads in different directions. For example, working on a bend as a regular beam, which is part of the future of the building as a whole. Typically, such structures are used in the construction of attic.

If the element has a T-shaped cross-section with a lower shelf, they are used for flooring supports. This makes it possible to reduce the size of the part of the structure, which inevitably will protrude into the interior by the thickness of the ceiling.

Difference of a crossbar from a beam

The construction industry is developing actively, which increases the number of new terms every day. Their correct application largely depends not on how we understand them, but on how the names differ among themselves in practical application.

It is a pity that not only people who are far from the construction industry, but also engineers often get into a dead end, especially when asked about the difference between a beam and a transom. It really is and you can’t close your eyes to it. This section will answer the answer to this difficult technical question.

What it is

Above, we learned that a horizontal support element is called a crossbar. Other supporting structures are attached to it, and its main function is load distribution of rafters on beams. It can be made of different materials, including of reinforced concrete, from which its shape ultimately depends.

A beam is a constructional construction element, the main function of which is bending work. It is a supporting structure, which is often made of wood or metal.

Let's compare

So, we have clarified the concepts, now let's define what is the actual difference between them and why it is absolutely impossible to replace one with another.

Advice: when preparing a construction project it is very important to use the terms correctly, because the understanding of the process by all employees directly depends on this.

You can call the bolt beam, but take into account that it will become a supporting element mounted horizontally. Thereby, it will become a supporting beam for you, which is the basis of the future frame, which is constructed using beams.

Since they work on bending, with their help they build not only an attic room, but also interfloor overlappings. This is one of the differences, as the bolt is the core of the building structure, while the beam is used to create the frame.

Therefore, the scope of use of the first is much broader, due to the fact that it is considered the main element of the construction process. Beams are used only as an element of the coating or overlap. This feature is also related to the fact that they can only be metal or wood, but the bolt can also be made of reinforced concrete. This significantly expands its scope.

It should also be noted, based on the construction process and its terminology, that the beam is still an independent structural element, the dimensions of which are carefully calculated when designing. The crossbar is the part of the frame rigidly connected with the uprights, so that in the design process the calculation is not performed.

If we take into account this information, the concept of a beam appears to us in a broader light, but the purpose of the bolt is clearly defined and does not change depending on the conditions.

We come to what we can say:

• beam is a broad concept;
• bolt - is a beam, but performs a highly specialized function.

To summarize our research:

How to make a bolt

1. Make formwork under the bottom of the monolithic element. Usually used metal spatial formwork for concrete with plywood sheets. Under the last in 2 rows fit I-boards perpendicular to each other. Watch the level of the reference plane.

1. Reinforcement or mating frame is made on the ground, and then installed in the formwork, or directly in it. Requirements:

• do not join the lower longitudinal reinforcement in the area of ​​the middle third of the span;
• do not join the upper longitudinal reinforcement in the first quarter of the span.

This is where the greatest tensile forces arise.

Tip: it is advisable to check the welding joints for clearance.

1. Installation of the side faces of the formwork. The main thing is to achieve the correct geometric dimensions. Installation of stiffeners will help.

1. Conduct concreting.When laying concrete mix immediately need to smooth out trowels. Do not forget to care for him.
2. Dismantling formwork. After three days, remove the side shields, but leave the props and do not touch in any case at least 28 days. The instruction recommends leaving them even after cleaning the lower formwork after a month so that there are no cracks.

A month later, invite a lab to check the quality of the item. It can be loaded only when the concrete gains full strength.

Conclusion

In this article, we were able to expand the concept of the bolt, which will further protect you from construction errors. This structural element is considered to be the core of any structure and can perceive loads in any planes, which is not the case with the beam with which it is often confused.

During construction work it is impossible to prevent this, since the whole process may not go as planned. The video in this article will help you find additional information on this topic.