Projects of two-storey houses from a bar: features of the

Today projects of two-storey wooden houses from a bar are in quite substantial demand. On the one hand, the design of such buildings allows to save space on the site, and on the other, cant, as an eco-friendly material with good performance properties, provides a comfortable microclimate in residential premises.

Below we consider the characteristics of such projects, analyze the features of the main components and elements, and also briefly summarize the main pros and cons.

Analysis of typical projects

Building Layout

Analysis of typical projects двухэтажных домов из деревянного бруса стоит начать с рассмотрения наиболее распространенных планировок. Конечно, следует отметить, что в первую очередь планировка здания зависит от его площади, и проект двухэтажного дома из бруса 10х10 проект двухэтажного дома из бруса 10х10 м будет очень сильно отличаться от дома 8х8.

And yet, if you study the most popular design schemes, then a certain general pattern can be traced:

• The first floor of the building is occupied, as a rule, by the living room and kitchen with a bathroom.
• In larger houses, a dressing room or a rest room can be placed here.
• As a rule, the hallway and corridor have a small area, and often connect with the living room not through the door, but through a wide arched opening.
• The second floor in most cases occupy the bedrooms. Also in houses of a large area (if you take, for example, the project of a two-story house from a bar 8x10) on the top floor can accommodate a small living room, office, terrace, etc.
• Almost mandatory element of the layout is a loggia.

Note! Often on the loggias are used portal or sliding glazing, which allows in the summer to get a large open space, and in the winter provides a fairly effective insulation.

Of course, all of the above applies only to typical developments. If you design a lumber house or cottage with your own hands, then you can plan any configuration of rooms, up to a single studio space.

And yet, when planning, it should be remembered that wooden buildings have a slightly lower carrying capacity compared to brick and concrete, and therefore excessive loading of the second floor is not worth it.

Materials used

After studying the possible planning, it is necessary to find out what material the structures will be built from.

The fact is that the projects of two-storeyed log houses may involve the use of different blanks, and the design of the walls, the type of decoration, and the cost of the project depend on it:

• The cheapest material is a flat massive timber. It is cut from a single log, and therefore contains a significant amount of bound moisture. The use of a flat bar of natural moisture leads to the fact that the building frame before finishing should stand up to a full shrink for about a year.
• In addition, when a flat bar shrinks, blown slots form in the walls, which need to be caulked and covered with trim.
• Profiled timber is characterized by the presence of special locks - protrusions and depressions on the planes. The use of profiled blanks facilitates the assembly of walls (this can be done even with your own hands), and during shrinkage, the probability of formation of blown-in slots is minimal.

• If you want to minimize the time from the construction of the "box" to the finish, you should use blanks glued from pre-dried boards. They are practically not deformed during drying, and therefore plating can begin very soon.

Based on these considerations, many construction companies make their choice in favor of glued profiled raw materials. If you are not satisfied with the price of such a project, then you can purchase cheaper material. But then, of course, you have to wait until the log house shrinks, and the skin will “eat” part of the budget.

Foundation of the house

After selecting the material should pay attention to the grounds that the designers offer to lay under the log houses.

Among the most common options:

• Pillar foundation - built under the buildings of a small area. It is a vertically buried concrete elements, which are located under the bearing walls and partitions of buildings.
• Tape design - one of the most popular in private construction. Concrete strip, placed around the perimeter of the house and under the bearing partitions, has sufficient strength to cope with the load from the walls of wooden beams.

Note! As a rule, tape foundations make them shallow, but on difficult grounds and in the construction of large buildings (and two-story houses of a large area relate to them fully), the embedment depth of the base can reach 1.5 m.

• Pile foundations began to be applied relatively recently. Under the load-bearing structures of the house, metal pipes buried in the soil are placed; for strength, they are cast in concrete. The pile foundation can be built very quickly, while its cost is quite democratic.

Regardless of the type of foundation for the installation of walls and partitions, waterproofing is laid on the foundation foundation grillage. On top of the waterproofing, a thick lining bar is installed, treated with a moisture-proof impregnation.

Wall construction features

Most companies specializing in the construction of wooden houses, initially offer options "under the roof", i.e. without finishing. In this case, the design of the walls of the house can be very different, and it depends on the specific object.

For example, a typical project of a two-story house from a bar of 8x8 m has the following characteristics:

• The walls are built of profiled timber 100x150 mm. If necessary, it is possible to replace the blanks with materials of 150x200 or 200x200 mm, but this seriously increases the cost of the entire structure.
• The cheapest option is to connect with metal dowels. The use of wooden fasteners is preferable both in terms of shrinkage and in terms of thermal insulation, but their installation is more labor intensive.
• The instruction provides for the obligatory laying of jute insulation for timber between the crowns, however, in order to save some, they leave the sealing tape only in the corner joints.
• Cutting corners in most cases is carried out in the half-tree. To ensure better thermal insulation of the house, the connection of the boards “to a warm corner” is used, but it is rather difficult to make it. Therefore, companies often offer a “warm corner” as a separate type of work, the cost of which ranges from 500 to 1000 p. for one crown.

As for the floors and ceilings, they are built according to standard technology. Lags of 50x150 mm are taken as the basis, and the skin is made of high-quality board.

Advantages and disadvantages

Pluses of houses from a bar

The advantages of such houses are known quite widely, because here we will focus only on the main points:

• First, the tree is a natural material, and therefore the house, built of wooden timber, will be absolutely safe from an environmental point of view.

• The layout and layout of a two-story building allows you to place a large enough family in it.
• The thermal insulation characteristics of the building are also very high. At observance of technology of assembly of a felling and sealing of mezhventsovy joints of a wall turn out very warm. At the same time, their thickness remains rather small.
• The manufacturability of the installation of timber - another plus, obvious to those who collect the log house independently. With minimal skill, you can quickly build the main supporting structure, because the log houses and cottages are popular among self-taught masters.
• The appearance of the building is also very attractive. The texture of natural wood does not require mandatory painting, and even without finishing the walls look beautiful from the outside as well as from the inside.

The disadvantages of lumber buildings

The disadvantages of two-storey houses from a bar are also:

• Firstly, a wooden blockhouse, especially built from a material of natural moisture, must stand up for complete shrinkage. From the beginning of the work to the completion of the finish it will take from one and a half to two years, which may be unacceptable in this situation.
• Use to build a flat bar leads to the formation of cracks, which require sealing and mandatory finishing.
• Wooden walls should be periodically treated with protective compounds to prevent them from rotting. You should also take care of protecting the tree from ultraviolet radiation, since the wood darkens under the bright sun and the house can quickly lose its appeal.
• The cost of the entire project can not be called low. Even if you buy cheap material, some of the money will have to be spent on finishing, so it is not known whether it will be possible to save. In addition, a significant item of expenditure will be the payment for the work of the masters, since it is very difficult to build a two-story building on your own.

Conclusion

And yet, if the advantages mentioned outweigh the disadvantages, we recommend that you carefully examine the available projects of a two-story timber house. The information contained in the accompanying documentation, will give you the opportunity to determine the nuances, and choose exactly the house that you would like to see on your site. Video in this article to share with you visual information on the topic considered, look!