Ladders from concrete: we create a strong design
Often, to move between floors, private house owners install wooden or stone stairs, discarding a variant of the concrete structure. But, pouring stairs from concrete is not only economically beneficial, but not less practical than, for example, arranging the same stone counterpart.
Pay attention to the following features of the installation and use of structures from this material:
- The strength characteristics of concrete are very high.. Subject to the use of the brand is not below 250, you will get a durable, reliable product, which is not afraid of adverse environmental conditions and mechanical damage.
- The ability to use any finishing coating. Stairs to the second floor of concrete can be finished with any materials, harmoniously fitting them into the overall style of the interior.
- The price of the finished design, made by hand, will depend on its complexity, but still remains very acceptable.After all, simple, inexpensive materials are used in the work: concrete mortar and fittings.
- The product contributes to a significant strengthening of the structure..
We build stairs in the house
Where to begin?
The construction process is not particularly complex. In order not to face unforeseen difficulties, for example, with the need to implement such a procedure as cutting concrete with diamond circles, it is important to correctly calculate everything. Therefore, it is necessary to begin with drawing the future construction in the drawing.
To determine the most optimal placement and size, it is important to consider the following points:
- Tilt angle. The most important aspect - not only the size of the finished product, but also the convenience of movement depends on it. So, for a simple flight of flight, the “convenient” angle of inclination is a value of 25? -45 ?.
- The height and width of the step. The parameters of one step are determined by the following equation: 2? H + L = 64 (H is the height; L is the width; 64 is the average length of the human step). On this basis, the height will reach 17, and width 30 (calculations made in centimeters).
Note! It is necessary to decide in advance on the type of decoration of the steps of the concrete stairs, the presence of the railing and the size of the balusters, as well as the built-in elements (for example, lighting). The thickness of the finishing materials must also be considered at the design stage.
The table below shows the main types of ladder structures that can be constructed from concrete:
| Type of ladder | Design features |
| March | The most common type with straight web. Most of the concrete stair structures are marching due to the simplicity of the structure. This type also includes the entrance staircase in a concrete house. |
| Concrete Spiral Staircase | A feature of this design is the presence of a column around which the steps are poured. Sometimes decorative metal supports are placed under steps, for installation of which diamond drilling of holes in concrete is used. |
| Swivel | It differs from the march in that its canvas is somewhat curved and makes a smooth turn. |
| Corner | Such a staircase made of concrete with his hands is very simple. It consists of two marches, which are set at right angles to each other. |
| Combined | It is a combination of several types. For example, it can begin with a direct march, which gradually turns into a turning structure. |
The first stage of construction
Before pouring a ladder of concrete, you need to mount the formwork.
To do this, prepare the following building materials:
- bars to create reinforcement pillars under the bottom of the structure (minimum section 10x10 cm);
- plywood for the formation of side surfaces, including if a curvilinear design is provided (minimum thickness 9 mm);
- edged board or plywood, with which the base for the concrete steps is knocked down (the minimum plywood thickness is 12 mm, the boards are 25-30 mm);
- fittings to create a metal frame design.
Note! It is a mistake to fasten the formwork with nails. To do this, use phosphated screws on a 3.5 mm tree. They allow for a snug fit of the boards. Corner pieces can be connected using perforated steel corners.
According to the drawing you made, knock down the formwork and place the reinforced frame in it. If the project includes railings, then their primary installation is carried out at the same stage. Before pouring the formwork should be waterproofed. For this suitable roofing material, old linoleum or asphalt.
Fill the stairs
After completing all the preparatory work, you can proceed to the immediate fill.
Instructions for the preparation of cement is as follows:
- We mix 30 parts of crushed stone of middle fraction with 20 parts of sand.
- In the mixture, add 10 parts of cement.
- Pour in 7 parts of water and knead a thick solution.
Tip! The solution requires thorough mixing, so it is advisable to use a concrete mixer for this. With poor mixing, the strength of the composition is significantly reduced.
Now consider how a staircase in a private concrete house is poured:
- Filling is carried out from top to bottom. First, fill the top step.
- Using a trowel, we tamp and level the solution.
- Check the flatness of the surface using the building level.
- Similarly fill the rest of the steps.
- After completion of the casting process, the open surface of the concrete is covered with plastic wrap. This is necessary so that the concrete gained the necessary strength.
Conclusion
Even if you do not know how to make a ladder of concrete with your own hands, do not rush to invite specialists for such works. To better understand the nuances of the installation of reinforced concrete stairs, you should familiarize yourself with GOST 9818. More information about the installation of the structure can be found in the video in this article.