Industrial concrete floors - preparation, pouring, hardening
Industrial concrete floors are generally used for commercial purposes - in warehouses, parking lots and other industrial premises. Their main difference from conventional concrete floors is high strength, fast pouring and resistance to various influences and loads. Next, we take a closer look at their features, types and consider the manufacturing technology.
General information
Industrial premises are subject to increased loads, frequent temperature changes, operation in conditions of high humidity levels, etc. Therefore, concrete industrial floors are made from special mixtures, and also use seals, heat and waterproofing materials.
Such floors in stores and shopping centers are especially in demand. However, they are used in private construction, for all kinds of outbuildings and garages, which are constantly subjected to significant loads.
Main types of industrial floors
All concrete coatings can be divided into two groups:
- Bulk;
- Ordinary.
Ordinary concrete floors are not very reliable, as their surface is prone to cracking and abrasion. Therefore, as industrial they are not suitable.
Concrete industrial bulk floors are of the following types:
| Topping | It is a special durable layer that is applied to the freshly cast concrete. The dry mix is carefully rubbed into the coating with the help of troweling machines. As a result, the strength of a concrete pavement, its resilience to loads and durability increase. It is necessary to say that there are several types of topping that differ depending on the expected loads. The mixture may include substances such as: · Slag; · Quartz; · Cement; · Modifiers. |
| Industrial evacuated floors | They are a combination of topping and technology for eliminating air bubbles from a cast coating. In this case, not all the coating mass is compacted, but only the top layer with the help of special equipment. The disadvantages of such floors is their high price, as well as poor resistance to impact. |
| Magnesian industrial floors | They contain in their composition magnesia binder. The advantages of this coating include the following points: · Lack of dust formation; · High resistance to wear; · Resistance to cracking; · No shrinkage; · Good durability; · Resistance to mechanical impact and shock; · High elasticity; · High drying speed - the coating is ready for use several hours after pouring. If a conventional casting requires a layer thickness of at least 8 cm, then the thickness of this mixture can be as small as 1 cm. |
| Multi-layer floors | If the floors will be used in difficult conditions, experts recommend the use of complex multi-layer construction. Such floors are reinforced with reinforcement or fiber, and also have a waterproofing and heat-insulating layer. As a rule, their thickness ranges from 25 centimeters. |
Fill technology
The technology of industrial concrete floors may vary, depending on the type of coating, however, most often it consists of the following steps:
- Preparations;
- A rather complicated process of laying and sealing the surface;
- Hardening.
Now let's take a closer look at all these stages.
Training
Training основания выполняется следующим образом:
- First of all, it is necessary to clean the surface from dust and dirt, as well as peeling and crumbling areas.
- Then the highest point of the surface is determined, from which it is necessary to measure a layer thickness of at least 10 cm. If the concrete is laid on sand, then the thickness of the screed must be at least 15 centimeters. Zero level should be noted on the perimeter on the wall.
- Next, reinforcement is performed; for this purpose, a special reinforcing mesh or metal rods are laid. Reinforcement should be located in the thickness of the concrete, so under it enclose wooden bars.
- Then install beacons, which use a special metal profile. Installation of beacons is carried out on lumps of plaster solution. For the accuracy of the installation of the rails, at the edges you can screw in the screws, which will allow you to adjust the height of the beacons from the floor. As a result, all the beacons should be located in the same horizontal plane and correspond to the zero level.
- At the end of the preparatory work, a damper tape is stuck on the perimeter wall at the joints between the floor and the wall.
Fill
The pouring instruction is as follows:
- The solution is distributed by the floor and leveled by the rule..
- Concrete must be compacted using vibrating pads or immersion vibrators..
- The final leveling of the concrete is carried out most often with the help of the rule.. It must be said that even when using modern pavers, the specialists do not completely refuse to level the surface with their own hands using the rule by rule.
- After pouring, it is necessary to give the surface time to "stand". As a rule, it takes about 6 hours.
Tip! Before filling the floor, it is necessary to provide openings for communications. If this is not done, then subsequently it will be necessary to carry out diamond drilling of holes in the concrete.
Hardening
Further, reinforcing dry mixtures - topping are rubbed into the surface. This operation can be performed manually or with the help of special carts. After applying the topping, it is polished with aluminum rule or special machines.
Note! To ensure uniform drying of concrete, it is necessary for it to be periodically moistened with water using a paint roller for the first 10 days.
After the concrete has set, if the surface area is large, make expansion joints. To do this, the reinforced concrete is cut with diamond circles.
If self-leveling floors are used as hardening, it is necessary to wait for the concrete to completely dry, then pour out the grout and level it with a special spiked roller.
Here, perhaps, are all the main features of the implementation of industrial floor concrete pavement.
Conclusion
Industrial concrete floor is a reliable coating that can withstand very large loads and operation in adverse conditions. There are several options for obtaining such a coating, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages, so the choice should be made depending on the tasks assigned to the floor covering.
From the video in this article, you can get more information on this topic.