How to build a house of timber: the recommendations of

The summer season is approaching and many of our compatriots remember an old dream - to have their own home. But with a detailed consideration of the issue, it turns out that not every family budget is able to draw out such an event as the construction of a country house.

We will tell how to build a house from a bar most effectively.

General issues

Why cant

We advise building from timber for a variety of reasons.

There are many considerations in favor of wooden buildings made of solid logs or lumber, we will list only the main advantages:

1. Wooden houses perfectly retain a warm and comfortable microclimate inside the room, their walls breathe;
2. Wood is one of the oldest building materials, and this is no accident: it is easy, simple and pleasant to work with, wood lends itself well to most types of processing, and it does not require complicated expensive fixtures;
3. Such buildings are completely natural and safe for humans and animals, they do not contain harmful and potentially hazardous substances and compounds, the components of the materials do not enter into dangerous reactions and do not emit toxins into the atmosphere;
4. Wood is an incredibly lightweight material compared to traditional concrete, clay and stone, so the costs of loading and transporting and unloading the components of the building set are sharply reduced;
5. Due to the low density of wood, the overall load on the foundation and the ground is reduced, so you can use lightweight, shallow-depth and pile foundation types, which are much cheaper than full-sized counterparts;
6. If you use glued laminated timber, the quality of its processing will save you from external and internal walls;
7. Using a ready-made kit for the construction of houses from a bar will allow you to avoid modifications during the construction of the house, because not everyone knows how to plane the beam and adjust the size of locks, as well as other delicacies of the carpentry craft;
8. It is pleasant, comfortable, warm and even healthy to live in a bar house, because the essential oils that produce coniferous wood turned out to be a good remedy for lung diseases, sleep disorders and other complications;
9. The construction time is compressed compared to the traditional brick-concrete process.

Note! During the construction process, you will not need to use heavy machinery: cranes, dump trucks, elevators, bulldozers and excavators, which greatly affect the cost of work in your favor.

We will show you how to build from a bar simply, inexpensively and, most importantly, independently. But first we need to determine from which timber to build a house, because the market is full of offers from various manufacturers of building materials.

Selection of materials

Now let's determine what kind of timber is needed for building a house. There are three main types of parts for the construction of houses made of wood: log, timber and laminated veneer lumber. The first two types are the most traditional and relatively inexpensive, but it is much more difficult and longer to work with them than with glued laminated timber.

As a rule, glued laminated timber is sold in the form of sets, in which all the details are precisely molded and fitted to each other, which makes working with them a pleasure. In addition, this material is most responsibly treated with special chemicals: fire retardants and antiseptics, which will protect your home from fires and premature damage.

In addition, glued laminated timber has a number of objective and indisputable advantages:

• This material is stronger than regular solid wood;
• The material is not afraid of biological corrosion, damage by wood-boring insects and rodents, rotting and fungal infections;
• Glued laminated timber practically does not burn and does not spread flame in case of fire;
• The service life of laminated wood is markedly extended compared with solid;
• Details are very accurately and accurately milled, fitted to each other, so you will not have a question: "How to connect timber when building a house?". In addition, their surfaces are of furniture quality and do not need additional finishing, and you will not care how to plank timber, because everything has already been done by professionals on modern equipment;
• During the construction of this material there are practically no wet processes, which allows you to continue working in any weather;
• Laminated wood is devoid of shrinking processes, which significantly speeds up construction and eases calculations;
• Glued wood does not lead and does not twist in the process of changing humidity and temperature, since the internal stresses of the material are removed in the process of cutting it on the slats;
• Wood for the production of laminated veneer lumber is carefully selected, in which illiquid parts are rejected and damaged areas are removed;
• Suppliers and manufacturers of this material, as a rule, are serious companies for which reputation is more important than short-term earnings, which excludes unfair transactions and deliveries of low-quality products.

Note! The price of laminated timber exceeds the price of a log or solid timber, however, due to these advantages, overpayment becomes minimal, and the benefits from the use of high-quality modern material are obvious, and this is not only cheaper construction, but also reliability, durability and safety of future housing.

When choosing a material, you must carefully examine it, as well as familiarize yourself with the accompanying product technical documentation. When visually inspecting should pay attention to the presence of knots, mold, traces of insects and other defects. Pay equal attention to the quality of surfaces, accuracy of milling of locks, bowls and connections.

Tip! When reading documents, pay attention to the composition of the impregnations from insects and fungi, as well as the composition of the flame retardants used in the production of raw materials. Also ask about the type of glue on which the slats are assembled. Then you can find out the characteristics and potential danger of these chemicals and make the right choice based on these data.

Строительство

Site preparation

How to start building a house from a bar? Of course, from site preparation and planning. It is necessary to determine the location of the most convenient access roads (after all, the roads outside the city are far from everywhere), plan delivery, unloading and storage of all building materials and tools, determine the type of soil and foundation parameters for a log house, make the future home reference to the area.

It is assumed that the designer should deal with these issues, since too many factors depend on them and the project can be significantly adjusted depending on the incoming source data.

Tip! If you are working on your own, do not be lazy to approve the plan and project of the future house, scaled to paper, from a representative of the local government approving the construction. It is better that the official endorse the document with a signature, it can save from a number of bureaucratic delays and difficulties.

Next you have to prepare your site for construction. On the basis of your existing plan and drawings, you should determine the exact location of the building on the ground, but this requires clearing and leveling the area.

You will need:

• Uproot the stumps;
• Cut down unnecessary trees, shrubs and other plants;
• Cut off the bumps;
• Mow the grass;
• Align the plot.

Foundation

Before building houses from a bar, it is necessary to mark the future foundation, to carry out excavation work, to build a formwork and pour concrete into it, having previously strengthened the structure with steel reinforcement. We will proceed from the assumption that you have a project and all calculations have been carried out correctly. Then you need only to transfer the drawing in scale to the terrain.

We transfer all the main points of the drawing and mark them with pegs. Then, using threads, we mark the location and direction of the lines along which the structures of the structure will be located. After that, we carry out earthworks, wake up the trenches with sand and gravel, carefully tamper them, erect formwork, lay the reinforcement and fill it all with concrete.

Tip! Better to use ready-mixed concrete. It is higher in quality and performance, and the delivery of material to the object and the supply from the mixer directly to the formwork will make the process several times less laborious.

At the end of the concrete work, the structure must gain the necessary strength or mature. At the same time, it should not dry out or freeze, be exposed to direct sunlight, etc. The choice of the type of foundation depends on the mass and parameters of the house, the type of soil, your preferences and the tasks that are presented to it.

The shallow or standard strip foundations are the most popular and convenient, as they are the most reliable, durable, monolithic and relatively inexpensive. You can also use columnar, pile, monolithic and other types of foundations.

Box

Since we will use glued laminated timber, we are not very interested in how to build houses from solid timber, because there is a lot of attention paid to the preparation of parts, sawing locks, connecting bars and fitting sizes. We don't need all this.

First of all, cover the entire basement with a double layer of roofing material to cut off the vertical movement of water from the foundation. Next, on the waterproof base, lay the bottom trim or the first crown of the walls. Bars for the first crown should be chosen as smooth as possible, without cracks and knots, rot and other defects.

Further work is carried out in accordance with the rules of pairing parts, which offers instructions for assembling your chosen set. These rules are as simple as possible, even if you work with your own hands, because you just have to perform simple actions and assemble the box as a children's designer.

All locks and connections in the kit are simple and connected without problems. By the profile of the part, it is intuitively clear how it mates with other elements, and since all the bars are already cut and laid out, you just have to assemble the puzzle.

Tip! Particular attention should be paid to the window and door blocks. If you fasten them with nails, then they should be hammered from the side of the timber, and not vice versa. This will not allow you to crumple or otherwise deform the wood and damage the window block.

Roof

Roof состоит из стропильной системы и кровельного пирога. Выбор и расчет стропильной системы происходит на этапе проектирования здания и выполняется опытным профессионалом, так как без специальных знаний здесь можно наломать дров.

Further, in accordance with the project is logging. After drying and processing, the boards are cut out in accordance with the detailed design of the roof structure and proceed to the assembly of the system. If there is no experience in working with wood, it is better to entrust the construction of the roof to professional builders, since a poor-quality roof can ruin the best project and turn living in such a house into a living hell.

After the erection of the truss system, the roof is covered with a roofing pie, insulated, waterproofed and protected from the wind. On this construction of the roof can be considered ready.

Finishing and communication

When the roof is ready, you can start laying communications and finishing the walls, ceilings and floors of the house. Here, everyone acts in accordance with his ideas of beauty.

One has only to say that the walls of the house of glued laminated timber do not need interior and exterior decoration in the conventional sense:

• they do not need plastering;
• cover with any coatings;
• align.

As a rule, the finishing of the house from glued timber is limited to protective varnish or paint, both outside and inside.

Inside, stairs are built, interior, kitchen and other doors are hung, and all connections between walls and window blocks, doorways and other structural elements are ennobled. Finally, proceed to communications: wiring, sewage, plumbing, etc.

After installation, plumbing and electrical networks connect to centralized supply systems in the presence of specialists from the relevant services and bodies. At this construction can be considered successfully completed.

Conclusion

Independent housing construction is easiest to produce from wood, since it is easier to work with this material. It is best suited for this glued timber due to its characteristics and ease of assembly of finished structures.

The video in this article is ready to answer questions, if you have them left - we look!