How is the reinforcement of concrete: a review of technology

It is no secret that if you want to get a truly high-quality product from a concrete mix, you definitely need to reinforce the concrete with reinforcement. What kind of work this is and why this operation is needed at all - in this article we will try to understand this issue in detail.

In addition, in brief, in the illustrative examples, we consider how concrete is being reinforced concrete floors, stairs and open areas. Let us touch on such a moment as the strengthening of masonry with the help of steel rods.

But first we touch on the most important question.

Why do you need reinforcement

Everything is actually very simple - if inside the concrete layer there is a frame made of reinforcement, then such a construction will be better in every sense.

Specific properties with and without reinforcement are shown in the comparative table below.

It turns out that the concrete product, in the structure of which there is a frame made of metal, in theory, and lasts longer, and the margin of safety is excellent.

Please note that fittings embedded in concrete with their own hands may still bring one drawback to such a product. The fact is that due to the presence of a large amount of metal, the total weight of the structure also increases significantly. And this is not always permissible.

So, we have dealt with this moment, now let's look at how various structures are made using reinforcement.

Reinforcement of structures

Such work is done quite simply, because the installation instructions for a metal frame are approximately the same for all products.

The only thing that before starting the review of technologies is to get acquainted with where it is specifically relevant to apply the assembly of the framework of steel rods.

As you can see, the scope of application of technology is quite understandable. Let's get to work.

Let's start with strengthening the walls.

Masonry reinforcement

Усиление горизонта блоков или кирпича делается для того чтобы во время усадки здания стены получили минимальную деформацию (см.также статью «Армирование железобетонных конструкций: на что обратить внимание»).

Shrinkage is possible not only in the first years after the construction of the house, but also in all subsequent ones. Nearby a multi-storey building or, for example, a subway can be built, and this is a strong vibration along the ground.

It is especially important to reinforce the masonry of expanded clay blocks of concrete blocks, foam blocks and other similar products that are not very strong structure.

Gaining is done very simply:

1. Cut off the bars of the reinforcement (or pieces of special masonry mesh), the size of which should be slightly larger than the length of the wall.

1. Every few rows of stone, one row of rods is laid horizontally on the plane of the blocks.. In this case, the edges of the metal must be bent so that they, as it were, go to the adjacent, perpendicular walls.

Tip: if the neighboring walls have already been erected, then be sure to “dock” the reinforcement to them. For this purpose, such work as diamond drilling of holes in concrete with the help of an ordinary perforator is performed. Here you will need to insert the edges of the rods into the holes made.

1. A layer of cement-sand mortar is applied on top of the laid metal with a trowel, and then the next row of stone is laid out.

Such is the simple technology. Now let's talk about the reinforcement of indoor floors.

Floor reinforcement

Reinforcement of the underlying layers and nabetok is performed primarily to ensure that the load is distributed over the entire horizontal area as evenly as possible.

In addition, floors and floors like no other structures should have a good degree of compressive and tensile strength. And to achieve this property without laying a reinforcement cage is impossible.

Reinforcement of the concrete floor on the ground is done like this:

1. A layer of soil is being rammed and sand is poured on top of it, which also needs to be tamped carefully..

1. The dense film is laid on this draft basis.

Tip: do not use cheap material - its price is, of course, attractive, but then the quality is appropriate. Low cost film will break through very quickly.

1. From the top of the film a kind of reinforcement mesh is assembled.. The size of the cells should be about 50 to 50 cm. The rods are interconnected using ordinary steel wire.
2. Concrete is poured. In this case, the cement mass must close the metal so that the rods are not visible.

Reinforcement floor is ready.

Note! If you forgot to make holes in the floor structure for communications, and the concrete is already frozen - you should not despair. Just use such a service as cutting reinforced concrete with diamond circles.

Now a few words about the device of the floor frame on large areas in the open air.

Reinforcement of various sites on the street

Армирование бетонной площадки обычного типа выполняется по стандартной схеме – трамбовочный слой, гидроизоляция, сетка из прутьев и сверху нее уже заливается смесь (читайте также статью «Водонепроницаемый бетон W6 – классификация и применение»).

But the reinforcement of asphalt is carried out using a different material.

Instead of steel, a special geogrid is used, which can be made from, for example, such materials:

• fiberglass;
• polyester;
• basalt fiber, etc.

The peculiarity of this grid is that it is easy to lay it due to its low weight and flexibility - it simply rolls out along the working plane. The geogrid effectively protects the asphalt layer from the appearance of cracks because it does not burst when stretched, but simply stretches (like a rubber band).

And the last vivid example.

Framework for custom designs

Since the staircases are subject to significant loads, both in compression and in tension, they must be reinforced!

The simplest reinforcement of a concrete staircase and its filling are performed in the following sequence:

1. Diagonally made formwork from a sheet of plywood, for example. Bottom material backed bar.
2. On the plywood plane, an armature mesh is mounted on the same principle as for floor reinforcement. Only the size of the cells here need to be made smaller.
3. Border boards are installed "on the edge" - this will be the formwork of the future steps.
4. Inside each step there is a frame of two bars parallel to each other, which should pass from one side of the step to the other. These rods with jumpers and steel wire are fixed to the common frame of the span.
5. Concrete poured.

As you can see, the fill and reinforcement of the flight of stairs is also simple.

On this our review is over. Let's sum up.

Conclusion

We have figured out how various concrete structures are reinforced and what are the nuances in this matter. We hope that the information provided will be useful to you in practice (find out here what the in-depth vibrator is for concrete).

And if you want to know even more information on this topic, then check out the additional video in this article.