Fastening timber between themselves in the house, along the

One of the main stages of the construction of a block building is the assembly of a log house. Before you begin construction, you need to know how to properly mount the timber.

Otherwise, the quality of work can not be considered.

The need to connect the elements of the walls appears in the following two cases.

1. When cutting the corners of the building.
2. If you need to increase the timber when its length is not enough.

Methods of fastening timber varied. They are selected based on the specific situation.

Variety Angle Mounts

Methods of fastening a timber between each other during the construction of log cabins are significantly different from joining log analogues. In our technological age, the old ways of joining lumber are gradually modified.

Currently, two types of fasteners are used in wooden housing construction.

1. Fixing the corners with the rest. Its most common varieties: "in the bloom" and "in the bowl."
2. Fasteners without residue. Its most popular subtypes are “to the tooth” and “to the paw”.

Connecting the corners of the log "in the bowl"

"In a cup" the timber connects, thanks to lock grooves.

There are several varieties: one-, two- and four-sided.

1. When the first type of lock in each of the bars is done with the help of a perpendicular groove cut. It is cut from one of the sides, as a rule, from the top. This file should fit in its width to the perpendicular section of the timber.

Note! For the most part, house-building companies use this particular fastening technology for profiled timber. This is due to the fact that the manufacture of such grooves requires minimal time and effort.

1. The methodology for creating the next type of slot locks includes sawing timber from two sides, in other words, from below and from above. The depth of the perpendicular cuts is about a quarter of the height of the bars. The connection is very high quality. However, it requires high qualification from the carpenters, otherwise they may allow chipping or cracks when cutting grooves and laying the bars.
2. Quadrilateral castle mount for timber cut out from all sides. This method of fixing the corners makes it possible to construct log houses with increased strength and reliability. The grooves on all sides facilitate the installation of the walls, as their crowns fit like a designer. This method requires very high professionalism from the workers.

Butt fixing

This type of connection is the simplest and fastest. Bars fit together. Then they are fixed with studded metal plates fixed with staples or nails.

The strength and density of the resulting angles mainly depends on the skill level of the carpenters. You need to carefully adjust the ends of the combinable bars, since they require an absolutely flat surface. However, even highly experienced masters do not always cope with this task. The angles are not sealed, in addition to experiencing regular perpendicular loads.

Note! Although this type of corner joint is the fastest, its quality is minimal. Heat losses through such angles are very large. Therefore, it is best not to use butt-butt bars to be used in the construction of residential buildings, but to use other, more complex types of joints.

Corner joints with keys

1. Such a fastening of the timber between each other is made by dowels, that is, wedges of hard wood, so that the corners are strong.
2. Mounting inserts in the grooves of the timber makes it possible to prevent its shifts in the joints of the log house.
3. Note that the strength of the corners depends on the type of wedges. They can be longitudinal, transverse or oblique. The latter type is difficult to manufacture, but using it produces the most solid angles with low thermal conductivity.

Castle "warm corner"

It is not for nothing that the fixation of the bars “to the root thorn” is also called the “warm corner”. This kind of compound effectively saves heat in the house.

Therefore, it is very popular in the construction of block buildings.

1. The basis of technology is as follows: in one of the beams to be combined, a groove is sawn through by hand, on the other - a thorn is cut, having dimensions that correspond to the groove.
2. When building a log house in the groove grooves laid insulation for timber. As it can be used flax, jute canvas or felt from the same raw materials.
3. It is very important that the elements of the castle joint fit together tightly. Thus, the heat loss will be minimal.
4. To increase the structural strength of the frame, alternate spikes and grooves in the corner rows, and fasten them additionally with round pins for timber from wood.
5. Using dowel, priseki, fat tails and other groove / tenon fasteners in joints, be sure to leave vertical slots between the lock elements. They are needed to compensate for the shrinkage of the walls.

Fastening "in half the tree"

Another simple type of corner cut is half-tree. This name was fixed in the professional environment, due to the fact that this creates cuts half the thickness of the timber. The assembly of a block-like log house with this method begins with drilling holes for keys or pins at points near the corner joints.

Before you fix the timber between them, calculate the length of the dowels, so that it is enough for several rows. There is also a more modern variation of this compound. With it, the keys are added to the corner joints to increase their strength and heat capacity.

Dovetail

The most reliable, durable and having minimal heat loss method - T-shaped corners angle "dovetail". It resembles a “root thorn”, but the protuberance is not rectangular, but trapezoidal in shape. The grooves are given the same shape. It should be noted that the price of such cut is high enough.

At the moment, such subspecies of T-shaped joints of timber are known:

• locking grooves on the insert spikes;
• symmetrical spikes in the form of a trapezium, called "frying pans";
• rectangular thorns, called "half-walled";
• asymmetrical trapezoid spikes - "deaf pan";
• a straight groove on the root spike, in addition to a log house with its help, the imitation of a bar is attached.

There is another subtype of this attachment: “in the paw”. When it in the bars cut horizontally positioned grooves and grooves in the form of trapezoids. They should approach each other perfectly. As it is rather difficult to carry out such sawing, this type of cutting is rarely used.

Longitudinal connection methods

When building large buildings, the length of which exceeds the standard timber dimensions of 6 meters, there is a need to fasten two beams along.

In this case, the instruction allows the use of one of the following types of connections.

1. Oblique lock.
2. "The spike on the tongues / keys longitudinal."
3. "Half a Tree".
4. "Root thorn longitudinal."

This raises the question of whether it is possible to fix the timber with reinforcement or other metal clamps. It is possible, although it is practiced less often than the use of wooden fasteners.

Fastening bars with spikes on the keys is quite strong. For such a connection, cuts are made for identical grooves at the ends of two beams. Then they are laid tightly to each other, then a wedge-shaped insert made of solid wood is driven into the groove.

Keys can also be made of steel. Their shape is different - there are trapezoidal, prismatic, rectangular, serrated and even inserts.

Longitudinal extension of half-timber lumber is similar to similar mounting angles. The ends of the connected elements are cut to a width that is half their thickness. The strength of the mount is increased by using dowels.

They can be replaced with staples, large nails or mounting plates. This type of connection is quick and easy. However, its strength is too small for the bearing (external) walls of a large block building.

When connecting into longitudinal root spikes, a groove is cut at one end of the beams, a protrusion is cut out on the other side. To increase the strength of attachment, it can be made trapezoidal. So you eliminate the horizontal movement of the bars in the log house.

Increasing the length of lumber timber with the help of the “slanting lock” is the most complicated method. However, it gives the mount the highest strength and reliability among all the methods described.

Conclusion

Corner and longitudinal connection of timber, as well as fastening - imitation of timber, is a very important component of building a house. Approach to them must be extremely serious. The strength of the building being constructed and the quality of its lining depend on it.

In the presented video in this article you will find additional information on this topic.