Cut timber and its role in civil engineering

The edged bar is one of the most versatile materials, it is widely used in construction. It is used both to create the foundation for buildings and for facing tasks for interior and exterior decoration. In addition to solving the above problems, such material is widely in demand in the manufacture of furniture, as well as in the construction of roofs and floors.

Experts prefer to use this timber to create frames for small buildings: gazebos, garages, saunas and the like. It must be said that for all these construction tasks the tree is selected from certain varieties. This choice coordinates a special GOST for sawn timber, it will also be discussed in this article.

Edged board has shown itself well as a durable and reliable material for flooring in small buildings. She received such wide recognition due to its democratic value. More robust and valuable types of wood used in the furniture industry, as well as for decorative tasks.

Important. Nowadays, spruce and pine trees are among the most sought-after tree species that can be easily processed. There are slight differences in the characteristics of these trees. For example, spruce has fibers with a looser structure and better thermal insulation qualities. Due to this, it is customary to use pine in the construction of building frames, and spruce is used in the implementation of decorative tasks.

GOST requirements

All requirements for sawn timber and planks are set out in GOST 8486 86. This regulatory document describes the requirements for the production of not only trimmed boards, but also of timber, clapboard and other materials from fir, larch, cedar, pine, spruce, etc. It should be noted that All sawn timber is subdivided into five grades: from the first to the fourth and the highest grade - the fifth.

In addition to all this document specifies the size of the geometry of the defects found on the surfaces and edges of the boards.

Manufacturing technology and application in construction

The development of technology occurs all the time and affects all areas of human activity. Not bypassed this progress and construction. But, despite the perfection of new types of materials, not all of them will be able to compete with the more “old” types. So lumber and bars continue to occupy a leading position in the construction of private houses and cottages. (See also the article House from a bar for two families: advantages)

Important. GOST, mentioned above, allows you to call a timber only lumber with rectangular or square sections, as well as with four edges that have been processed. This document establishes the type and size of the trimmed timber - not less than 10 cm. If the material is smaller, then it is no longer a trimmed beam.

The production technology consists of cutting logs into squares. The required percentage of humidity is achieved by atmospheric drying, it is equal to 18%. Modern technologies may allow for chamber drying, but this step is bypassed on purpose.

This is done because natural drying allows to achieve a natural moisture content in the material, and this leads to a tight fit of the bars to each other, as well as increases the strength of the structure and its insulating quality.

If necessary, the timber is subjected to special impregnation. This process depends on what material it consists of. For example, conifers naturally contain a large amount of tar, they act as a waterproofing agent, so such materials will have practically no deformations in the future. (See also the article Processing of timber from rotting - the key to long-term operation of the building)

Due to their strength qualities, they are comparable to bricks, and even rounded logs benefit.

Distinctive properties of timber before competitors:

• Hygroscopicity;
• The ability of the material to "breathe";
• Homogeneous structure;
• The possibility of building their own hands.

In the construction of buildings, the trimmed beam 150x150x6000 is most in demand. The walls made of it look beautiful and do not need additional finishing. Given the positive aspects of this material, it can be concluded that he has practically no alternatives.

Benefits

• Affordable price. Due to the fact that the preservation of natural moisture allows you to make the process of preparation of the maximum simple, the price of the material becomes democratic;
• Wide use. This sawn timber is in great demand in housing construction, but, despite this, it has a great offer in hardware stores and markets;
• Minimum delivery period. The simplicity of the workpiece and also its wide distribution have led to the fact that even if it is not available in the store, then you will not be waiting for the material to be delivered for a long time;
• Easy installation. Cuttings from a cut timber do not require special equipment or certain skills of installers.

disadvantages

• Additional costs for guarding or finishing. In order for the house to have a finished look, the walls are usually further finished. The facing of a blockhouse or clapboard looks beautiful, but these works can be done with the help of other materials. In addition, after the house shrinks and the timber passes through the natural shrinkage, it will be necessary to trim the excess jute;
• Poor quality and uneven bar. Failure to comply with the manufacturing technology results in inappropriate tolerances and cross-sectional dimensions, which leads to uneven cuts. The walls in this case are uneven and have differences on the crowns, the seams are located at different levels. To avoid such troubles, you need to take a closer look at the choice of material;
• Imperfect external state. Non-profiled timber looks worse than profiled, this becomes apparent when walls are shaken - the insulation becomes visible between the seams and the crowns;
• Mezhventsovye seams blown due to the connection of corners without overhangs. Such a building will be worse to keep warm due to the fact that the timber has no spikes and grooves;
• Non-profiled timber is subject to cracking. Cracks may occur during shrinkage and shrinkage of walls. In that case, if wall cladding is not envisaged, this will spoil the look of the interior;
• By purchasing unedged timber, you can save some money, but with further processing you will spend more time.

Important. Our portal has instructions for the construction of houses, the procurement and storage of materials considered, and also for the care of houses made from them.

Waste production

During construction, it turns out that a lot of different waste comes out. Therefore, a natural question arises among people: “what can be made from scraps of a bar?” Designers are advised not to rush to throw away the remnants of construction, because of them you can create beautiful small architectural forms.

Let's think what you can build from them:

• Bench;
• Swing for kids;
• Flower arch in the garden;
• Flower pots;
• Dog house;
• Sandbox;
• Klumb
• Small fences for tracks.

You can build a lot of other things, it all depends on your imagination and desire. A courtyard with such decorative elements will noticeably change and become more comfortable.

Conclusion

Coniferous cut timber according to GOST 8486 86 will be an ideal choice for the construction of a private house, summer kitchen, gazebo and other things. (See also the article Joining timber by length - connection options) Such a building will be durable, warm and environmentally friendly only if all the rules and recommendations are followed during the construction.

In the presented video in this article you will find additional information on this topic.