Cranial bar in the process of building floors

The cranial bar is a material that is attached to the lateral edge of a wooden beam, as a result of which shields are supported. It is used in both civilian and residential buildings, and it is important to observe that the cranial and wooden timber are in the same plane.

For fixing bars used nails of a specific diameter. At the same time they need to score at a certain distance and in the center of the bar.

Cranial bars are a kind of supporting structure, to which various finishing materials are attached, for example, the sheathing of the walls, or the sheathing used for laying the tiled roof. It is also possible to use them in the frame of a wooden fence. The price of this material varies from 15,000 per 1m³.

Production of timber

In most cases, the timber is made of pine, with a special machine it is processed from all sides. The most common dimensions of the cranial bar - 40x50 mm.

Its production is carried out in two main ways:

1. Standard cutting method - production is carried out from wood of normal moisture;
2. Dry planed method - involves the manufacture of timber from wood having a moisture content of 8-10%. It is first dried using a special drying chamber, where all the bacteria die.

Note! Before use, the bar must be treated with a bioprotective agent - this can significantly increase its operational life.

Cranial timber is quite widely used in the process of device "rough" floor. Bars are attached to the lags of the floor and subsequently they serve as a support for it. This is the easiest and fastest way.

Main elements

The basement floor, or floor, consists of the following elements:

1. Beams - runs that rely on the basement strapping, or on the bead crown (in the log cabins);
2. Lags - beams laid across the girders;
3. "Black" floor (roll forward);
4. Backfilling - insulation;
5. Clean floor.

The main bearing element of the overlap are the runs, they provide the required rigidity of the structure.

Note! The overlap must withstand a load of the order of 200 kgf per 1m² surface (in addition to its own weight, which is approximately 60 kgf per 1 m²). Subject to this condition, it is allowed to operate the building.

Flooring device

1. For timber beams of timber, a material with a thickness of 5–8 cm is used; if a large thickness is required, then double products are taken, but it is allowed to use a solid timber or a log that has been worked through at least one edge;
2. Cranial bars 4x4 cm are fixed on the bottom of the beam-girder. This is done with the aim of supporting the reel, which will later be laid insulation for timber;
3. If the log is being squeezed for use as a beam, it is advisable to immediately heft the cranial profile;
4. Beam-girders were embedded in a crown or laid on the base rail, their horizontal position was checked (using a hydraulic level) and flatness (using a cord stretched on the extreme girders or a long rail). As a result, the upper edges of all beams should be in the same plane (horizontal);
5. Now it is necessary to roll forward over the cranial bars. Slab or unedged timber planks are perfect for rolling;

1. Then, asphalt is laid over the roll as follows, and its edges should be bent vertically upwards so that it can be nailed to the beams without any problems;
2. If the girders are located rather densely, it is allowed to lay the floor boards directly on them, after the installation of insulation and the top layer of glassine;
3. If the girders are more than 1.2 m apart from each other, then logs from a bar (50x80 or 50x100 mm) are laid across the beams with a step of approximately 0.6-1.2 m. In this case, the logs will act as a support for the boards clean floor.

Flooring laying

Installation Instructions:

1. An extreme plank is nailed across the wall. After that, 6-8 boards are laid out, wrung out (rally) along the length of the board in 2-3 places. Thus, the maximum junction of the boards to each other is ensured. Further, with the help of nails, the boards are nailed into each lag, and the spinning is removed. Then the operation must be repeated;
2. For rallying structures there are various techniques. The most simple - with the help of construction brackets. These devices are driven into the logs, after which two wedges are driven in between the extreme board and the bracket (the gasket and the working wedge are made of birch);
3. Instead of wedges, the board can be supported on brackets, and the spinning can be performed with a vertical lever. Special wedge or tee shackles are much more convenient.

In addition, there are tensioning devices that are used in mass construction. Unlike wedges, they are much more efficient (it takes less time to spin.) As a squeezing mechanism a jack (not hydraulic) is perfect.

Installation of attic floor

The device of the attic floor is carried out like a basement:

1. Beam-girders run into the crown of the frame at the required height. In the case of a frame structure, they rest on a horizontal board (width - 100 mm, thickness - 50 mm), embedded in vertical stands flat flush;
2. After that, the ceiling is hemmed below the skull bars. On top of the logs, the floor of the second floor or attic is installed. If the use of an attic floor is not provided, then, as a rule, the floor is not laid.

Results

Summing up, it should be noted that at present the majority of people in the construction of country houses do not use bricks, but wood, wooden structures made of timber are especially popular. The video in this article will help in more detail to consider the technology of laying tiled bars.