Concrete wells of rings for sewer systems

Hydrotechnical structures for the discharge of effluents are created mainly from reinforced concrete rings, which are ready for operation immediately after purchase. If necessary, these elements can be made with your own hands, then the price of the building will noticeably decrease. However, with independent execution, the workload increases to a significant extent.

Main purpose

Any modern structure should include a sewage system that takes the drains and diverts them to the outside in a special well using a network of pipelines. Reinforced concrete is most often the main material for such tanks, especially when it comes to outdoor systems. In one system there can be several nodes at once.

Cumulative construction

The largest mines have similar facilities, because their task is to store all the drains. Installation of concrete wells of this type involves the installation of several rings. The number of pumpings for a certain period of time will depend on a given depth.

Filtering chambers

First of all, they differ from the previous analogues by a smaller volume, which means that they can be arranged from elements of a different diameter. The main purpose of the well - the delay of solid impurities that fall into the sewer along with the liquid. Thanks to these designs, it is possible to reduce the number of ashenization operations several times.

Viewing compartments

Sewage facilities of this type are made of rings of the smallest size, as they are required directly for the inspection and maintenance of certain components of the system. The working chamber is necessarily equipped with ladders or special brackets for descent and ascent.

Manufacturing elements

Before proceeding to the independent formation of reinforced concrete rings, it is advisable to familiarize yourself with the points of SNiP 2.03.01-84, where the fundamental points concerning the pouring are specified. The norms establish a number of requirements for the design of structures based on mixtures of various types.

Required fixtures

The process of manufacturing reinforced concrete elements must be carried out on a large and spacious site, otherwise the delivery of concrete and the movement of finished products may cause difficulties.

The tools and appliances of first necessity include the following items and structures.

• A metal trough for mixing the solution or a special concrete mixer, which allows not only to speed up the process, but also to improve the quality of the solution.
• Forms to create rings, made of a reliable material that is able to restrain the mixture.
• Vibration equipment, providing an opportunity to compact the concrete composition in the blanks.
• The reinforced framework from steel rods 10-12 mm thick. For vertical racks you can use more durable elements.
• The welding machine will be needed to connect the fragments of the form.

Addition! It does not hurt to get a lifting device, because the mass of manufactured elements can be very high. However, it is quite realistic to move small items to a brigade of several people.

Form creation

Metal barrels of suitable sizes are selected for future harvesting. Instead, you can use pipes or ducts of the appropriate diameter. If you can not find the finished products, the forms are made from separate metal sheets.

The resulting rings are connected to each other using steel plates from the bottom and top sides. Fastening is better with a welding machine, but if necessary, the formwork walls can be bolted together. Finished structures should be installed strictly horizontally.

Calculate the amount of solution

After creating the blanks, you need to know how much base material is needed to make one ring. The volume of concrete for the elements of wells is actually not that difficult to find, but beginners often have problems at this stage.

Therefore, below is a detailed calculation instruction for a ring with a diameter of -150, a thickness of 10, and a height of 100 cm.

1. First you need to find out the average diameter of the element and translate the result into meters: 150 + 10 = 160 cm or 1.6 m.
2. Далее находится длина окружности в средней ее части, для чего полученное число в предыдущем пункте умножается на число ?: 1,6×3,14=5,44 м.
3. Теперь можно определить, сколько смеси потребуется при проведении работ по заливке: 5,44×0,10×1=0,544 куба.

Note! Above was presented the approximate volume of concrete wells KCD 15, which are actively used in sewer systems. For private homes can be made less dimensional elements.

Preparation of reinforcement

First of all, rings are made of metal rods. The bars of reinforcement with a thickness of 10 mm are bent and fixed in one position by welding. The obtained circles are attached to vertical posts, the length of which must correspond to the height of the product.

Preparation of the working mixture

When creating reinforced concrete products of this type, compositions from M200 and higher are used most often. In the preparation process is usually used cement M400 or M500. Below is a table with the proportions of the main components for the concrete brands used.

Note! The amount of water is determined by the mass of the binder. The composition is added 0.5 kg of the total weight of the cement. Depending on the working conditions, the volume of the liquid component may be slightly increased or decreased.

Manufacturing process

1. Immediately before pouring, the finished reinforcement cage is installed in a homemade form. Between him and the walls of the rounded formwork should remain approximately the same space.
2. Concrete mix is ​​poured in small layers from 20 to 25 cm, each of which passes ramming with a metal pin. Due to this, it is possible to remove air from the solution.
3. After the final casting, the surface is carefully leveled using a metal or wooden plate, suitable for the width. After that, the vibration device is turned on.
4. After a few days the form can be removed, if necessary. Finished products should stand for 28 days, until the concrete attains maximum strength.

Attention! If the production of elements for wells is carried out in the open air, then the forms should be closed with special covers to protect the fresh solution from precipitation.

Installation of finished products

After the self-made elements harden, you can proceed to their installation. During the work it is necessary to pay special attention to safety, as the mass of the finished product is large enough. Situations that may lead to injury should be avoided.

Preparatory activities

Immediately before installing the rings, preliminary work must be carried out. First of all it is necessary to prepare a ditch corresponding to the sizes of basic elements. The depth of immersion is determined by the number of people living in a residential structure.

You should also prepare products to which pipes will be supplied. For this purpose, diamond drilling of holes in concrete is carried out. Most often, the second ring from above is subjected to this operation, because the pipe laying depth, as a rule, exceeds one meter.

In addition, it may be necessary to remove some segment of the product in order to carry out installation work. In this case, reinforced concrete is cut with diamond circles, thereby opening up new possibilities.

Implementation of basic operations

Due to the high mass of products, it is advisable to use heavy machinery, but homemade products can be made to a special size, so you can get by with a team of 6-8 people.

Reinforced concrete elements weighing up to 500 kg are quite realistic to lower.

1. The first ring is tied with winches from four sides so that the descent is carried out evenly. Then it moves to the laid boards, and then it is laid on the bottom of the pit.
2. Making sure that the element is horizontal, proceed with the installation of the remaining products.. It should take into account the location of the rings prepared for the pipes.
3. After laying all the reinforced concrete elements proceed to seal joints. In the course of work, a cement-sand mortar is used, the technical requirements for which are reflected in the paragraphs of GOST 28013-89.
4. Now you need to think about how to concrete the bottom of the well. To do this, prepare a solution for one of the recipes listed above. The thickness of the layer should not be less than 10 cm.
5. At the last stage, the side surfaces are waterproofed with bitumen mastic in order to protect the structure from negative impacts from the outside.

As a conclusion

The presented method of manufacturing elements for the creation of sewer wells is considered the least expensive in financial terms, but requires serious labor costs. If the individual developer is ready for this, then he can safely get to work.

The video in this article will help to get a visual lesson.