Concrete supply - technological process
Construction work is difficult to imagine without the use of concrete. The material makes it possible to produce structures that can withstand various influences, including atmospheric and mechanical. This article will describe how the concrete is fed and how it is carried out in general.
General information
The scheme of the transport process in general is as follows:
- receiving the mixture from the distributing bin of the concrete mixer;
- its delivery by vehicles to the place of concreting;
- the subsequent supply of the solution to the place of installation.
In the latter case, the mixture is often overloaded to other devices or vehicles that deliver it to the concreting unit. The last is the design prepared for laying concrete solution or its part, where formwork is already installed and fittings are mounted.
In fact, the delivery process in this case occurs in two ways:
- from the preparation point to the place of unloading directly into the concreting unit;
- from the site of preparation of the mixture to the unloading point at the concrete object, and then the subsequent supply directly to the concreting unit, while the price of works rises somewhat.
Such a scheme provides for an intermediate stage of overloading the concrete mix.
Concrete solution transport:
- from the place of its preparation to the unloading site directly to the block of concreting or in front of the object to be concreted, occurs by means of road transport;
- Delivery from the point of unloading at the object directly to the place of concreting - by lifts, cranes (in tubs), conveyors, vibratory feeders, concrete pavers, motor-carts, pneumatic superchargers and concrete pumps.
Tip: to avoid downtime under unloading, the performance of this scheme should be 10-15% higher.
The instruction for transportation of a concrete solution requires maintaining its uniformity and providing the mixture with the mobility required for installation.
Therefore, it is necessary:
- protect from precipitation and sunlight;
- protect from freezing and rapid cooling in winter.
In addition, the solution should not exfoliate, and cement milk should not flow out of it.
Delivery by truck
In this case, apply:
- dump trucks;
- auto fuel oil;
- autobetonosmesiteli;
- containers or tubs housed in flatbed cars.
| Dump trucks | Concrete transport by such transport reaches 80%, however, due to the unsuitability of the body, the loss of mortar can reach 2%. In addition: when you unload it, you have to clean it with your own hands; · the solution is stratified; · in the summertime it loses water; · In the winter - quickly cools down. Modernization can reduce losses, but does not solve the main problems. |
| Autotransformers | In this case, the body has a trough-shaped (multi-shaped) form, where there is no rear side. For even fairly large tilt angles (80?) And vibrator, it is possible to unload the mixture quickly and without the use of manual labor. Thanks to the lid, the concrete solution is protected from cooling and moisture loss. |
| Автобетоносмесители | It is advisable to use them for delivery to the construction site in urban areas and at distances up to 70 km. At the concrete plant, a dry mix is loaded into the drum, and water is added before arriving at the place of discharge or right there. This makes it possible to increase the allowable distances for transportation of solutions without reducing their quality. |
| Containers or tubs | This method requires a large number of containers. This reduces the economic feasibility of the method, so it is used quite rarely. |
Tip: if you have difficulties with dismantling concrete products, you will be able to cut reinforced concrete with diamond circles.
Application of cranes and lifts
On construction sites, we can often see boom and self-propelled tower cranes that use buckets to distribute and batch the concrete mix to the site. The solution is discharged directly from the vehicle and fed directly into the structure. In this case, the solution can move in different planes, which allows it to be distributed during installation.
Badge
| Swivel | It represents a welded container, which consists of: · frame; · body; · gate; · Leverage. It happens that a vibrator is attached to the case. |
| Pivotal | The welded capacity, loading in which happens in vertical position. It is usually used when feeding small portions of the solution. |
Lifts are used to move the concrete solution only vertically. For example, for the manufacture of interfloor overlappings using rack type, raising the concrete mix in containers or buckets. Horizontally, the mixture is transported on wheelbarrows, scooters or motorcycles.
Advice: it is impossible to drill a reinforced concrete structure, diamond drilling of holes in concrete is a service that will cope with any such tasks.
Belt conveyors and pavers
The first is usually used to deliver concrete to the areas of concreting of small structures. They are produced with a length of 6-15 m and a width of 400-500 mm. They can supply a solution to a height of 1.5-4 m.
The main working body of the conveyor is a flexible rubberized tape, which bends around all the mechanisms and structural elements. Concrete mix is loaded on it through feeders which give the chance to evenly and continuously give solution of the necessary thickness. Conveyor drums are equipped with devices capable of clearing the belt of adhered cement and returning it to the concrete mix.
Tip: do not forget that the use of the conveyor requires periodic rearrangement of the concreted site, which may cause a delay in the workflow.
More effect can be obtained from the use of concrete pavers, which are used in the construction of monolithic foundations for buildings and technological equipment. This is a self-propelled machine on a rotating platform, on which equipment is installed to receive the solution and feed it to the laying point using a telescopic belt conveyor.
Pipeline transportation
This type of concrete delivery is referred to as intra building. Under certain conditions, it competes with other methods of vertical and horizontal transportation. For example, it became possible by one mechanism to supply concrete to an object in different planes, as well as to hard-to-reach places.
The basis of this method consists of machines for pumping concrete solutions:
- pneumatic pumps;
- concrete pumps;
- transport communications.
Piston-type pumps with oil-hydraulic drive are mainly used, not so often with a mechanical one, since the parts in it wear out faster. The mixture is sucked from the receiving hopper and fed by a piston into the concrete pipe.
Conclusion
Delivery of concrete solution to the site of work is one of the important stages of construction. The final result depends on the speed, delivery method and quality of the mixture, as well as labor costs and time for the whole process.
There are two main types of mortar delivery - directly to the concreting unit and to the place of unloading, and then to the site of work. The video in this article will help you find additional information on this topic.