Concrete substation: types and operational characteristics

24-07-2018

Building

Complete transformer substations (CTS) have proven themselves in the work on construction sites. Most often they are used for heat treatment of concrete, which significantly speeds up the process of its hardening and a set of design strength, as well as for warming frozen ground. These methods of work allow you to not stop the process in low ambient temperatures and significantly reduce construction time.

Block substations

What is the BKTP is an abbreviation denoting a block complete transformer substation, which is intended for:

Energy Acceptance
Current conversion
Distribution of electrical energy.

This complex of equipment is a closed switchgear with voltage up to 35 kV.

Such a transformer substation can be designed for voltage (kV):

10/0,4; 6/0,4; 35/0,4; 0,4/35; 0,69/35.
35/10; 10/35; 6/35; 35/6.

Power step-down transformers - the main characteristic of the equipment.

It can be different and reach the following values:

100, 160, 200, 250,400, 630 kW.
1000,1250,1400,1600,2500,4000 and even 6300 kW.

Block substations with the same success are used on electric networks with a voltage of 6, 10 and 35 kVu of various objects:

Industrial.
Suburban.
Urban.
Private possession.
Cottage and country settlements.
Production areas.

Note! The complete newly purchased BKTP contains detailed installation instructions for this equipment. In most cases, it allows, without attracting hired workers to private developers with their own hands to carry out the installation on the ground, if we are talking, of course, about a small-sized version.

The price of block substations depends on several components:

Configuration:

The number and power of transformers.
The number of cells.
Scheme.
Metal tires.
Counters.
Gas-insulated circuit breaker (a type of high-voltage circuit breaker).
Disconnectors.
Sections.
Vacuum circuit breakers.
Grounding
The number of lines.
AMR.
AVR systems.

The type of shell.

The foundation.

The input method.

Ventilation.

Air conditioning.

Protection.

Of course, in the total cost, the supplier will also include the cost of delivery if you purchase equipment to order.

A crane is usually required to unload the vehicle and install a substation at its place of operation.

Concrete Equipment

Transformer substations in a concrete casing are used in the power supply of housing and communal, public and industrial buildings.

Concrete is used high quality, protected from any weathering.

Operational and technical characteristics of block substations

Concrete enclosures for substations are made of high-quality heavy concrete of the B30 brand with a wall thickness of 100 mm.

This ensures excellent hull performance:

High strength concrete structure.
Heat resistance.
Water resistant.

The features that distinguish the block complete transformer substations in a concrete case are:

In the photo - a substation with brick walls (more expensive option)

Small weight and compactness of KTP.
Reliability of reinforced concrete blocks, performed using the latest modern technologies for creating KTPB:

Fire Resistance.
Vandal resistance.
Resistance to weathering.
Necessary durability.

Use of the territory with maximum efficiency due to minimization of the area allotted for the substation.

Delivery to the site in full factory readiness.

Possibility of an individual approach to a complete set upon the demand of the customer.

Variants of design solutions for exterior trim (colors, texture).

Compliance with the requirements of modern urban planning, in relation to aesthetic organic with other objects.

Possibility of completing optional accessories for connecting external cables, phasing and protection testing.

Types of concrete transformer substations

To date, there are two types of block-type substations:

One-transformer KTPB are installed for use with loads with a break in the supply of electric current for a day or less, for the current repair or replacement of damaged components.
Two-transformer substations are used with the preferential use of electrical receivers of the first and second categories. The power of transformers in them is adjusted so that when one of them is disconnected, the second takes over the necessary load.

Note! Two-transformer substations are urgently needed with an uneven load schedule (daily or annual), regardless of the category of final consumer of electricity. In this case, it is advisable to adjust the power of transformers for single-shift or two-shift operation with uneven loading shifts.

KTPB two-transformer are advantageous in that during the period of work of the enterprise with small loads, some of the transformers can be turned off. At the same time, the load is transferred through jumpers in the concrete casing to the secondary voltage substation. Such an economical mode of operation of the equipment ensures minimization of the power costs of electrical equipment.

Metal housing is used less and less in the modern world.

Substation description

The substations of both types consist of concrete blocks with electrical equipment installed in them:

Switchgear high voltage switchgear - 6 kV or 10 kV.
Low voltage switchgear low voltage switchgear - 0.4 kV.
Power transformers TM, TMG, TSZ, TSZN.

Overall dimensions of the construction of substations:

The substation with one transformer (BKTP) may have overall dimensions:

4610 * 2510 * 2820 mm.
5270 * 2250 * 2205 mm.

For small private buildings and administrative buildings installed small equipment

Substation with two transformers (2BKTP), respectively:

4610 * 5070 * 2820 mm.
5270 * 4500 * 2205 mm.

Note! It is possible to perform the BKTP from 3, 4 and more (at the request of the customer) blocks located next to each other and connected by corridors. It is also permissible to create 2 level chambers with the device base of reinforced blocks of increased strength. The foundation cable (FBK) is used for this purpose - it bears the functions of the foundation and the cable room with an oil receiver installed in it. Or the volumetric unit (ON) - it houses switchgear, switchboards and a chamber of power transformers.

For the supply of cable to the electrical equipment of the BKTP substation there are openings in the floor. Transformer compartment is equipped with louvered grilles for ventilation and temperature control in the transformer room.

In addition to the main equipment, the modular substations of the BKTP are equipped with instruments for measuring and metering electricity:

Active and reactive energy meter.
Ammeters and current transformers.
Voltmeter with a switch on the input of the low voltage switchgear.
Shield own needs.
Other additional devices on request.

Manufacturing companies of complete package transformer substations in a concrete building carry out the whole range of activities related to the design, manufacture, delivery and supervision of their own equipment.

The substation requires a reliable and solid foundation, which over time will not crumble and collapse.

Conclusion

We hope that you will not have difficulties in the process of searching for disparate design, production and installation organizations. Therefore, there is no need to coordinate their actions, which, as a result of the aggregate, will allow to somewhat reduce the cost of the project and save nerves.

The main thing is to turn to a reliable partner who will guarantee a positive result and quality of equipment. In the presented videos in this article you will find additional information on this topic.