Classification and consumption of materials per 1 m3 of

In the manufacture of monolithic mixtures material consumption per 1m³ Concrete depends on its strength class, the higher it is, the more binder it will need, in this case cement. These figures are normalized by state standards and depend on the expected mechanical load, which will be carried out on the element during its operation.

Below we consider what concrete-based cement can be, we give a table of constituent ingredients, and also we will show the video in this article as an addition to the material.

Classификация бетонов

Note. A mixture of binders with aggregates, dissolved in water, after its evaporation, turns into an artificial stone called concrete. The full process of hardening in natural conditions is 28 days, as required by the instructions.

Density

Concrete can be divided by average density, such as: particularly light (less than 500kg / m³), light (from 500kg / m³ up to 1800kg / m³), heavy (from 1800kg / m³ up to 2500kg / m³) and especially heavy (from 2500kg / m³ and more).

• Cellular concretes manufactured by the autoclave method are particularly light.. They are also considered as heat insulating, as they have low thermal conductivity.
• Lightweight group made using artificial or natural porous aggregates. It can also be cellular concrete without aggregates - closed pores are artificially created in the block to be cast. Such materials are used not only as structural, but also for wall insulation, since, due to the pores, the blocks have a significantly reduced thermal conductivity.
• To obtain heavy concrete use crushed granite, diabase, limestone and other dense rocks.. Such mixtures can be used for slab and strip foundations, walls, columns and other monolithic structures. In addition, various blocks, slabs and floor panels are made of it.
• For especially heavy types, cast iron shot, steel filings and shavings, scale, barite and the like are used as a filler.. Basically, these materials are used in the construction of nuclear power plants as tampons to protect against radiation.

Other differences

The structure of the frozen substance can be dense, porous, cellular and large-pore.

The difference in mixtures also consists of a binder, which, in fact, give the name to concrete, so it can be:

1. Polymers;
2. Polymer cement;
3. Ground slags and alkaline solutions (slag alkaline);
4. Bitumen;
5. Gypsum;
6. Silicate (lime);
7. Cement, portland cement (main type).

Among other things, such material can be classified by purpose or future field of application, on which the consumption rate of materials per 1 meter will mainly depend³ concrete. They can be structural, structural and thermal insulation, thermal insulation, hydraulic, road, chemically resistant, heat-resistant and decorative.

For example, for hydroelectric power plants, dams need to be built and the dam itself is built of powerful structural concrete, but in order to repel water, it is covered with a thin waterproofing layer. Although its price is quite high, but the effect is worth it.

Decorative concrete is used for finishing works, as in the photo above - it can be paving slabs, artificial stone or washed panels, where the top layer of cement-short pastry is washed away, exposing the aggregate - crushed stone, pebble, marble chips. It can also be solutions based on decorative (white or colored) cement.

Making a mixture

Using this table, you can calculate the consumption of materials per 1m³ concrete

Note. This table provides data for high-quality cement M500.

In this situation, having a table in front of our eyes, it will be easy for us to calculate the consumption rates of materials per 1 m.³ concrete в соответствии с ГОСТ 7473-1994. Давайте для этого мы возьмём наиболее ходовую смесь B22,5 (With 00), которую применяют для заливки ленточного монолитного фундамента в малоэтажном строительстве.

So, according to the table for 360 kg of cement we will need 1040 kg of crushed stone and 830 kg of sand (we do not take into account water, since it evaporates and is not included in the mass of the finished structure). This means that 360 + 1040 + 830 = 2230 kg of all the ingredients, but we are interested in the consumption of material for 1 cubic meter of concrete, so here we have to do some small mathematical calculations. The key number we will have is 2.23m³ - these are 2230 kg of ingredients in aggregate (bulk and massive measures very closely converge).

Cement we need 360 / 2.23 = 161.4 kg; crushed stone - 1040 / 2.23 = 466.35 kg; sand - 860 / 2.23 = 385.65 kg. Now let's check - 161.4 + 466.35385.65 = 1013.4 kg. We did not succeed exactly 1000kg, since the division had to round up the results, but the calculation principle is clear and you can use it to determine the consumption of materials per cube of any concrete brand.

Conclusion

In addition to loose elements (cement, crushed stone, sand) in the consumption of material per cube of concrete may include fittings for the metal frame. For strip monolithic foundations with low-rise construction, it is usually sufficient 1t of a rod with a periodic section (10-12 mm) per 5m³ solution. There are also other standards for higher loads, but this is a separate issue. Successful calculations!