Calculation of the construction of a house from a bar:

Building a house is always associated with significant financial costs. However, in order that the costs do not exceed the allotted limit, and the materials were purchased in sufficient quantity, it is necessary to calculate the cost of building a house from a bar.

Regardless of whether it is planned to build a home on its own or workers will be hired for this, it is necessary to make an estimate. This is the basis of all work.

The house of timber includes the following structural elements:

• load-bearing walls;
• roof;
• lags for the ceiling and floor;
• dare;
• rafters;
• insulation and fasteners;
• doors and windows;
• harness.

Stage one: the consumption of timber on the house - counting the number

Для строительства полноценного дома для круглогодичного проживания используется брус с параметрами 150 * 150 mm, 100 * 100 mm, 200 * 200 mm или 150 * 100 mm. Перед началом работ следует определиться с размером заготовок и, исходя из этого, рассчитывать, сколько бруса понадобится.  Исчисления обычно проходят в кубометрах, а не в штуках (см.также статью Сколько кубов бруса надо на дом 6х6: арифметика строительства).

The formula for calculating the consumption of timber for load-bearing walls of the house

The calculation of the beam for the construction of the house is as follows:

1. the sum of the lengths of all the walls of the structure, not only external but also internal, is calculated - this is the perimeter;
2. the perimeter is multiplied by the height of the house, excluding the gable area (the facade of the building, bounded by the slopes of the roof and the eaves);
3. the value obtained as a result should be multiplied by the thickness of the timber selected for construction.

The result is the number of cubes required for the construction of the house. Usually limited to one, at least two floors.

It is convenient to consider the formula on a specific example:

Итого: для строительства дома понадобиться 13,5 m. куб бруса с сечением 150 * 150 mm. Если стен предполагается больше, то их тоже учитывают в вычислениях.

For ease of calculation and to facilitate the purchase process, you can use the data given below, with a length of 6 m:

In order to correctly calculate the construction of a house from a timber, it is necessary to take into account the moment that cannot be avoided during individual construction - even the most trusted supplier in one party may have several reject units. This should be taken into account when buying and purchase blanks with a small margin.

It is better to take products from one batch, otherwise problems may arise during the docking of elements due to the different processing method and its quality.

Stage two: consumption of material for the roof frame

For the house from a bar the rafter system is used - it is the bearing framework of a roof. Wood is a durable material, but you should not overload it, so as not to provoke uneven shrinkage and destruction of load-bearing walls.

The rafter system is a category of pitched roofs; it is easier and cheaper to build a gable roof with your own hands. It takes less material and the technology is available even to the beginner.

Factors affecting the amount of material required for the roof frame

To the roof was not only beautiful, but also reliable, you can not save on building materials. It is necessary to strictly follow the technology for its independent construction.

The frame of the wooden roof includes the following mandatory elements:

• стропильные ноги, или просто rafters;
• pediment, is made of timber like bearing walls;
• logs (beams) - horizontal bars, the base on which the floorboard is laid;
• Mauerlat - the thickest timber located along the perimeter of the walls, is designed to evenly distribute the weight of the roof frame;
• sheathing - is attached to the rafters and serves as the basis for laying the roof.

SNiP 31-02 imposes a number of requirements on any roof, based on which, materials for building a house from a bar should be calculated. That is, in order for the frame to meet the stated standards and protect the building from snow, snowmelt and rainwater, not to let in cold air, to be energy efficient, you need to figure out how much exactly the workpiece will need.

How to calculate the amount of building material for the frame: Mauerlat

Количество  материала напрямую зависит от площади покрытия. В качестве примера рассмотрим дом 6×6. Для надежного основания потребуется толстый крепкий брус с сечением 150 * 100 mm или 150 * 150 mm. Он укладывается на 4 несущих стены, соответственно, чтобы соорудить мауэрлат надо 4 бруса по 6 m каждый.

Note! If the building does not assume internal bearing walls, then the distance between them should not exceed 8 m. If there is another support inside the house, then the distance increases to 14-16 m.

To calculate the amount of timber with a wall length exceeding 6 m, it is necessary to calculate the total footage of the perimeter:

For example: 6 + 6 + 9 + 9 = 30 m

30 m - the perimeter, we divide it by the length of one bar.

30 м /6 m=5 шт.

Итого: для сооружения мауэрлата для постройки 6×9 м, надо 5 брусков по 6 m каждый.

Calculate the amount of material for rafters and battens

The rafter system is the main support for the roofing material, it protects it from wind and snow.

The calculation of the material for the construction of a house of timber, which will go to the construction of rafters is carried out according to the formula:

1. Суммарная нагрузка снега и ветра на квадратный метр крыши – она высчитывается на основании СНиП 2.01.07-85 «Нагрузки и воздействия». Для ската с углом наклона 45?, протяженностью крыши 6,5 m и длиной стропил 3,5 m нагрузка будет составлять 226,3 кг/кв.м.
2. The total load is 5148 kg. Multiplying 6.5 by 3.5 and we get 22.75 m - this is the surface area of ​​one slope. Accordingly, 22.75 * 226.3 = 5148 kg.
3. Now you need to know the length of all the rafters and, consequently, how much you need to buy timber for their construction. To do this, based on the fact that one running meter is able to withstand 100 kg of weight, we divide 5148 by 100, as a result we get 51.48 m - this is the minimum length of the rafters.
4. The slope of the roof hangs about 50 cm above the wall, respectively, it is necessary to buy wood in 4 m.
5. Calculate the number of pieces is simple: 51.48 / 4 = 12.87, or more precisely, 14, since they are arranged in pairs. That is, you need 7 pairs.

The instruction states that the distance between the rafters is equal to the number that can be obtained if the length of the roof is divided by one less than the number of pairs of rafters: 6.5 / 6 = 1.08 m. Section of blanks is 100 * 150 mm or 150 * 150 mm.

The rafter system includes a wooden crate. For it, boards are used about 2.5 cm thick. They are placed horizontally, that is, parallel to the ridge.

The width of the board should not exceed 15 cm. There are two ways of laying, which will determine the amount of purchased material.

The first - a continuous installation, when the distance does not exceed 1-2 cm and discharged. Then the span can reach 10 centimeters or more. The more often the boards lie, the stronger and warmer the design, but at the same time more expensive.

Calculate the amount easily. Measure the length of the skate and board. Next, the footage of the skate is divided by the footage of the board. This helps to know how many boards for one lane are needed.

If the width is 15 cm, and the gap is 5, then we divide the length of the slope by the number obtained as a result of the addition. Total is the number of blanks in pieces.

Calculating the cost of building a house from a bar is a very painstaking exercise, it is necessary to take into account the fact that everything must be purchased with a small margin in case of marriage. Roof consumption is calculated based on the surface area of ​​the roof. It does not take into account the natural holes - a place for the chimney and attic door, if one is incorporated in the project.

Number of blanks for the device beams

Overlappings of wooden beams are most in demand in low-rise construction. They have a relatively low cost, they are easy and quick to make, wood is a fairly durable material, with low weight. It does not exert significant loads on the foundation.

For the overlapping of the beams, only coniferous wood is used, more often larch is the most durable and reliable material capable of supporting a considerable weight:

• resistant to temperature fluctuations;
• maintains stable geometry;
• almost does not shrink.

Выбирать лучше заготовки, которые были высушены в паровых камерах и имеет влажность не более 14%. Соотношение сторон должно быть 150 * 100 mm или 150 * 200 mm.

For correct design, to make the correct calculation of materials for building a house from a bar it is necessary to be guided by the width of the span. The longer the span, the more often beams are stacked and their number will increase. For attic floors, it is not necessary to stack the workpiece too close to each other.

Here is a table, following which it is easy to determine how many pieces are required:

This means that for a span of 4 m you need to buy 6 blanks for laying floor beams, taking into account a pitch of 1 m. That is, 4 pieces will go to close the span and 2 more on the edges, directly near the walls. Price depends on the length of the bar.

Stage three: the number of floorboards

Before you start calculations for buying a floorboard, you need to decide on its parameters.

• Наиболее оптимальными считаются: длина 4, 4,5 и 6 m.
• Толщина представлена такими размерами: 30 мм, 25 mм и 32 мм.
• Standard width is 100 mm and 105 mm.

If you want to make the floor of the whole boards, it is desirable to reduce the amount of waste.

The calculation of the material for the construction of a house from a bar is made on the basis of the length and width of the covered area. And also how the board will travel - along or across.

Making calculations is quite simple. If you know the parameters of the workpieces, you can determine the useful area, it is 5-7 mm less than the actual because of the dowel.

Most often, manufacturers make boards in 6 m. It is necessary to take into account the possible amount of waste that cannot be avoided.

Calculations are as follows:

1. The previously known area of ​​the dwelling is divided by the size of the area of ​​one board, taking into account only the useful - this is the amount required for installation;
2. когда помещение имеет отличные от 6 m параметры, то важно знать количество целого материала. Для этого ширина комнаты делится на рабочую ширину половой доски.

Based on the information received, it is easy to find out how much the construction of a house from a bar will cost. You also need to consider consumables: insulation, roofing material, additional fasteners. Their number depends on the project of the house, area and other factors.

Conclusion

Construction of log houses is much easier than brick. It can even beginner owner. Having made certain calculations, you can get as a result the approximate cost of the object to which you need to be guided when planning the budget (find out here what a calculator is for calculating the amount of timber per house).

The video in this article clearly helps you understand these issues.