Board and timber - we analyze and compare materials

Mastering building technologies on their own, many are faced with a huge, previously unknown array of information. That is why questions are often asked in specialized publications and on the Internet, such as “How does a bar differ from a board?” Or “What kind of bar is available for sale?”.

And if for the master the answers to these and other questions seem obvious, then the beginner has to comprehend all the wisdom from the very beginning. And in order to study the new material easier, we recommend to study this article.

Wooden building materials

The tree was used to build structures, perhaps, ever since the person began to do something with his own hands. Over time, many building materials have evolved, and only wooden parts exist almost unchanged.

Today for the construction of buildings and structures are used such materials:

• The log is the simplest variety. It is a tree trunk, cleared of branches, leaves and sometimes bark. During processing, the log can be calibrated and cylindrical, and then it becomes much easier to use in construction.
• Plate and quarter - respectively,? and? part of the log. They are used quite rarely, and most often for the construction of supporting structures.

By sawing round logs, so-called lumber is obtained:

• A croaker is an outer segment of a log in which only one side is subjected to processing.
• Beam - a quadrangular detail, which is produced by trimming the side surfaces of a round billet.

Note! There is a conditional division: lumber up to 100 mm thick is called a bar, and 100 mm or more is called a bar.

• The board is a relatively thin rectangular lumber.

It is boards and parallel bars that are used today as often as possible. That is why in our article we will pay special attention to these two materials.

Construction timber

Properties and classification

So, we will begin the analysis from a construction bar. What is he like?

Bar-shaped parts are blanks whose width is no more than twice the thickness.

Bars have a square and rectangular shape and are divided into the following varieties:

• Sawn - the cheapest and easiest to manufacture. Obtained as a result of sawing wood without further surface treatment.

Note! A wall of sawn billets requires a mandatory finish. For this, lining, siding, board for timber, etc. can be used.

• Planed - after sawing, are ostrozhke. In the process of guarding, the side faces of such a timber are carefully aligned, and therefore it can be used not only for the erection of supporting structures, but also for finishing.

• Profiled - are one of the planed varieties. The main difference between the profile bar is that the grooves are made on the upper and lower planes of each bar, forming a lock. When assembling a log house, these locks fit into each other, and provide a reliable connection of parts.

The large thickness of the construction bar leads to the fact that during drying it can be quite strongly deformed.

This problem has two principal solutions:

• It is easiest to remove water from the wood before using the parts. For this, the tree is dried either in the open air or in chambers.
• To further reduce the risk of deformation, the beam is not made solid, but is glued together from individual plates. Moreover, the plates are selected in such a way that the directions of the wood fibers do not coincide. The price of such material is quite high, but on the other hand, it almost does not shrink and does not warp.

Manufacturing technology

For the production of timber used wood mainly conifers - spruce, pine, cedar, etc.

The technological chain is as follows:

• Roundwood is dried to remove almost all free moisture, after which it is trimmed and rough trimmed.
• Examined quadrangular blanks fall on the island, where the alignment of their planes takes place.

• Next, planed billet is fed to the machine for profiling the beam, which is cutting locks.
• If you plan to manufacture glued laminated timber, then the blank is dissolved on the lamella. The slats are subsequently trimmed, spliced ​​and glued together under pressure.

At the final stage, the bars are trimmed clean, and then get to the drying stage, either in a special chamber or in a warehouse.

Construction board

Main varieties

The board is another widespread sawn timber.

The main thing that distinguishes a board from a bar is the aspect ratio of the product itself: the board should be no more than 100 mm thick, and the width should be at least twice as thick.

Depending on the type of wood processing in the production of boards, there are such varieties:

• Neobraznaya - billet, which left the side edges of the log, the so-called wane.

• Edged - blank, in which the lateral faces are perpendicular to the wide planes.
• Grooved - a special board, in which special locks are cut on the side faces to facilitate the connection of two adjacent elements.

Also, the board can be machined on a planer. In this case, either one or both planes are aligned. A non-motivated board is also used, but only where it will not be visible.

A separate category consists of decorative boards, such as lining, board - imitation of timber, etc.

Production features

To date, lumber of this type can be produced according to several schemes:

• Multi-saw processing. The log passes through a special machine, in which it is sawn into several unedged blanks of design thickness.

• Saw cutting At first, the round timber is processed to the timber, and during the second pass, the timber is spread on the multi-saw machine into several parts.
• Milling with milling. The simultaneous use of band saws and cutters makes it possible to get cut boards with a fairly clean surface in a single pass.

After the parts are manufactured, they are patched, formed or chamfered to give the board an aesthetic appearance. Then the wood is dried and treated with impregnations (antiseptics and flame retardants).

The use of timber and boards for construction

When building houses and cottages of timber, one has to use both types of the described materials. Construction bars, bars and boards differ not only in shape and production technology, but also in scope.

• Timber is a fairly durable material, which is why it is used to create load-bearing structures. Massive wooden blanks are used as supports in frame construction, and shaped products are interconnected to form walls.
• Also bars can be used as beams on which the ceiling is laid, and a log for the floor.
• Thinner bars, with a cross-section of less than 100 mm, are used mainly for the construction of frames. From wooden blanks 40x40 or 50x50 mm it is very convenient to make battens for external and internal warming.

• Unlike timber, the board has a lower carrying capacity. It is for this reason that it is used mainly for the formation of planes: laying floors and ceilings, mounting steps, etc.
• However, quite thick boards can be used as bearing elements. An example of such use are the rafters of the roof and skewers of stairs.

• Also, instructions for finishing buildings provides for the use of decorative boards. For masking of a layer of a heater lining is used, boards under a beam with a bevel, etc. are sewn
• In addition to purely construction work, thin boards and bars can be used in the manufacture of furniture, packaging, etc.

Conclusion

When building a wooden house, boards and timber will be the main item of expenditure for the purchase of building materials. That is why we recommend to examine in advance the entire range available, and decide on those details that will be necessary in your situation. And in the video in this article you are waiting for additional information on a specified topic.