Bar for building a house: types, dimensions, characteristics

Timber для строительства деревянного дома применяется с давних времен. И такое широкое и долгое его использование не вызывает удивления, ведь это самый простой вариант построить дом своими руками. А те шедевры, которые уже столетия радуют наш глаз, доказывают, что бревно как строительный материал для постройки дома будет жить еще не один век.

What are the types

Timber - первоначально это был пиломатериал, изготовленный из бревна, которому придавалась правильная форма способом  опиливания с четырех сторон.

Today it is possible to purchase sawn timber of not only the correct forms, but also with special locks, profiled timber.

Such locks allow:

• speed up the process of building a house;
• improve heat-insulating characteristics;
• make the building more robust.

Not so long ago, a new type of building material for the construction of a wooden house appeared - profiled glued laminated timber. It is made by gluing the blocks of various types of wood.

This material:

• resistant to warping;
• resistant to fungal diseases;
• more durable;
• improves the insulating properties of the house.

But with its positive qualities it loses its environmental characteristics.

The youngest representative can be called LVL timber. He did not win wide use, as the price for it is very high, but craftsmen often buy it in small quantities in order to strengthen those places that are subjected to heavy loads.

Also, you can build a wooden house using composite timber. It destroys all the traditional views of the construction of a wooden house, as it is an artificially created solid material. It consists of small particles of wood and special additives and dyes.

The manufacturing instruction is simple, theoretically consists of three steps:

1. mixing components until smooth;
2. pressing the finished mixture;
3. cutting of finished elements.

Building with such a product is a pleasure. It is processed by the usual tool, the same that is used in the construction of a wooden house from a simple bar.

So, from the reading we can identify the main types of timber that are used in the construction of a wooden house:

• usual;
• profiled;
• клееный profiled;
• LVL;
• composite

Tip! When buying a product you should not rely only on the price and technical specifications. It is worth considering the purpose of knowledge. Agree, if you need a temporary shelter in the country, then it makes no sense to build it with LVL.

Main settings

Products to create a wooden house are very different in length and in thickness. The minimum size, which is recommended for use in the construction of 150x100 mm, maximum 200x200 mm. To order, you can buy bars and thicker, but “not worth the candle”, expensive.

The length of the logs can be from 3 to 14 meters. The main length of the beam for the construction of the house is 6-7 m, most often used this size. Since with a smaller size there are difficulties in construction, and a large size, respectively, and the price is higher.

Length of the product

The length of the log can be easily increased, but despite this, the best option would be to consider it based on the project at home, or to make a project designed for a certain length of the beam.

Incorrect length leads to such difficulties:

• the need for additional overlaps;
• the need to strengthen the walls.

Such actions increase the consumption of material, which is not a plus from an economic point of view. You can avoid such problems if you use glued laminated timber (for example, from pine or larch). The maximum length of the wall without using joints in this case can be up to 14 m, an impressive size that allows you to build a house of almost any size.

Product height and thickness

The decision to build a wooden house always leads to the question of choosing the thickness and height of the log.

When choosing, you need to consider:

• climate side;
• the economic side.

The climate side of the issue is cold, more related to the thickness of lumber. It is believed that the degree of frost should take into account about 1 cm thick tree. Since we have frosts and more than 20 degrees, it turns out that even the use of wooden walls with a thickness of 200 mm does not save us. How not cool, you need to warm the walls.

On this basis, it turns out that it will be necessary to insulate the wall in any case, regardless of the thickness of the log used. In this case, it would be more efficient to use a material with a thickness of 150 mm.

Tip! When building a two-story house, it is recommended to use a different thickness of sawn timber for each floor; the thickness of the log on the first floor should be greater than the thickness of the log on the second. This is done in order to reduce the weight at home, thereby reducing the load on the lower rims.

The height of the beam affects:

• on the speed of construction;
• on the number of intervenit seams;
• increases the cost of insulation.

Height, can be attributed more to the economic side. There is an opinion that it is better to use products with a height of 150 mm than 200 mm, since it is cheaper.

We will try to carry out the calculation, to see firsthand which option is better. As an example, we will calculate the wall with a length of 6 m and a height of 3 m. We will build it from 6 meter material, in the first version the calculation is used for the size of the height of the log 150 mm, in the second - 200 mm.

Note! The price of the product is 150 for 150 = 676 rubles, 150 for 200 = 910 rubles, the price for the material was taken from one company, so the option should be as faithful as possible.

Option number 1

• 3000 mm: 150 mm = 20 rows;
• 20 (br. Used) x 676 rubles (cost of 1 piece) = 13,520 rubles

Option number 2

• 3000 mm: 200 mm = 15 rows;
• 15 x 910 rubles = 13,650 rubles

As you can see, in reality, the option of 150 mm height is cheaper, but the difference is small, only 130 rubles on the wall. And, taking into account the funds that will be spent on the insulation of the inter-spring seams, we also add the time spent on the construction site, because time is money, it turns out that it is cheaper to build from a product of large dimensions.

Таблица основных размеров  и расчет в cubeе.

Materials for the manufacture of products

From the above, using the example of a composite beam, we can conclude that today, a log for construction can be made not only of wood.

Conventionally, manufacturing methods can be divided into:

• piece;
• natural.

Next, we look at what makes traditional lumber.

Glued laminated timber - it uses a combination of different wood species. The choice of wood to be used in production can be made directly by the customer.

But mostly, these are conifers:

• ale;
• Pine;
• larch.

These tree species are considered the most suitable materials for the construction of a wooden house.

Pine

Beam from it is available and popular material. Pine Sawnwood:

• have good strength;
• do not respond to fungal diseases;
• resistant to weathering.
• after additional technological treatment with necessary impregnations, pine wood becomes inaccessible for microorganisms that cause decay.

Note! Glued pine timber is the cheapest in the construction market of Russia. This is due primarily to the rich pine forests.

Larch

Very popular timber from larch. Larch is not inferior in its technical characteristics of pine, and even surpasses its strength. Despite the fact that larch lumber is more expensive, it is a very popular material.

Note! A house made of larch will last longer without repair than a house made of pine. This is due to the fact that larch is a more durable material.

Conclusion

So, we can conclude that timber, this is not such a simple material as it seems at first glance. When choosing you need to take into account a lot of facts, but you can understand them. If you still have any questions, watch the video in this article, you will not only strengthen the stated material, but also learn a lot of interesting things.