Asphalt concrete: regulatory documentation, manufacturing

Few know what asphalt concrete is and how it differs from traditional asphalt. The first thing I want to mention is that asphalt and asphalt mix are completely different things. Asphalt is a bitumen - black mountain tar. Asphalt concrete is a mixture of bitumen with rubble, gravel and (or) sand, as well as many other materials.

Note! In colloquial speech, asphalt concrete is often called simply asphalt.

Normative documents

Regulatory documents exist both on the asphalt concrete mortar itself and on various bitumens. Technical characteristics of bituminous mixtures are governed by GOST 9128.

And the parameters of bitumen, depending on the purpose of their application, are stipulated by the following documents:

• GOST for construction №6617;
• GOST for roofing №9548;
• GOST for road viscous №22245.

The composition of the material

Asphalt-concrete pavement is used mainly for the arrangement of the roadway.

The following components are included in this mixture:

• Sand;
• Crushed stone of small or medium size fraction, which is 85% of the total mass of the solution;
• Mineral powder;
• Bitumen, which is a binder for the remaining components of the solution and is 6% of its mass.

The production of a building material of this type involves the combination and thorough mixing of the components of the solution, after which it is instantly laid.

Council Bitumen performs its binding function only when it is hot.

If the mixture is prepared, the installation must be done immediately. The remaining mass loses its basic properties and becomes unsuitable for the production of works. Such asphalt can not be tamped, and it becomes fragile.

Council In order that the frozen asphalt does not become rubbish, you can use specialized equipment such as, for example, the installation for the regeneration of asphalt concrete PM 107.

Many owners of country houses are concerned about the question of what is better asphalt or concrete? The answer to this question is rather controversial, since in the compilation of the comparative characteristic it can be revealed that both of these materials do not have such serious differences, with the exception of such an indicator as the cost of repairing the coating.

Another quite frequent question - is it possible to lay asphalt on concrete? Of course, it is possible, especially since such an installation option will make it possible to endow the coating with positive characteristics of both these materials.

Types of mixtures

There are three main types of material that are used to lay asphalt-concrete pavement.

In addition, each of the types of asphalt presented has its own purpose:

1. Coarse-grained. This type of mortar is used for arranging the lowermost layers of the roadway. In its preparation, fine fraction crushed stone is used for concrete with grain sizes of 5-15 mm and coarse fractional 20-40 mm;

1. Fine-grained. This mixture is used in the process of laying coatings on carriageways. It is this layer of material that is the top when arranging a two-layer structure. One of the ingredients of such a mixture is fine fraction crushed stone 5-15 mm in size;
2. Sandy. This type of mortar is used for paving sidewalks and walkways. The composition of this solution includes a large amount of sand and some mineral filler, bitumen and crushed stone with fractions up to 5 mm.

Manufacturing technology

There are three methods by which the preparation of a hot mixture is made:

1. Cold;
2. Warm;
3. Hot.

Note! Instructions for making a solution for such methods differ only in the temperature to which the mixed materials are brought.

The cold method of preparation involves heating the binder before adding it to the other components. Warm and hot methods suggest adding hot bitumen to the preheated components.

Preparation of hot solution

The technology of making this type of material with your own hands includes the following stages of work:

1. Drying of inert components and bringing them to a temperature of 200 degrees;
2. At a temperature of 160 degrees, inert components are mixed with mineral powder and bitumen;
3. Storing the mixture until use at a temperature of 150-180 degrees.

Equipment for the production of

Asphalt-concrete plants or plants are used as equipment for the production of such a building material.

Such equipment is of three types:

• Mobile;
• Stationary;
• Ultra Mobile (Super Mobile).

Note! The ultramobility of such installations is not in their small overall dimensions, but in the ease of transportation to the work site.

Stationary asphalt plants have a capacity of approximately 80 tons per hour of operation, and mobile installations produce from 3 to 80 tons. The price of a mobile installation is directly dependent on its performance.

Note! To organize an asphalt business, you will also need to purchase a front loader for transportation.

The production of mixtures is a process directly related to its installation. Therefore, the acquisition of a set of equipment for asphalting the roadway may suggest the need to buy a core sampler for asphalt concrete.

Finally

The material under consideration is a mixture that is simply necessary for arranging a high-quality, plastic and durable roadbed. Properly selected components and precise adherence to the manufacturing technology according to the chosen method will allow you to create a truly durable concrete coating with excellent operating parameters.

A video in this article will allow you to learn more about the types, methods of manufacture and the main components of the mixture under discussion.